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The EU's Steel Import Quotas: A Threat to Ukraine's Industry New EU limits on steel imports could destroy Ukraine's industry and deal a big blow to the country's budget as it defends itself against Russia, according to the head of its biggest steelmaker. Impact on Ukraine's Steel Industry Yuriy Ryzhenkov, the chief executive of Metinvest, said the new EU quota system due on 1 July could “kill the Ukrainian steel industry”. The EU has introduced the protectionist measures in the face of a long-running global glut of steel caused by China. Financial Implications The EU halved the quotas of steel that can enter the bloc tariff-free, while also doubling the tariff to a prohibitive 50% on all imports above each country's allocation. For Ukraine, the economic threat from its military ally is exacerbated by the war, which has cut off some of its previous alternative markets and pushed the country's steelmakers to integrate more closely with Europe. Consequences for Ukraine's Economy and War Effort Ukrainian steelmakers argue that the quotas would also damage the war effort by depriving the government of tax revenues equivalent to hundreds of millions of pounds. Metinvest, owned by the billionaire Rinat Akhmetov, is thought to be the largest private sector taxpayer in the country. Future Outlook Ryzkenhov said it was not possible for Metinvest to invest the billions of euros it would cost to upgrade its two plants to cleaner electric arc furnaces because of the war – although it had planned to do so before Russia's full-scale invasion. The quotas would come on top of levies added to imports to the EU, known as the carbon border adjustment mechanism, to penalise steel produced with dirtier blast furnace technology.

The Growing Concern Over Passenger Behavior in Emergencies Air passengers are increasingly putting lives at risk by filming emergencies and retrieving bags instead of evacuating planes, industry experts have said, with some suggesting fines could be needed. The Risks of Delayed Evacuation Passenger aircraft are designed to be fully evacuated in 90 seconds in an emergency – but people reaching for hand luggage can significantly increase that time, blocking exits and aisles as well as damaging slides or causing injury. The IATA Safety Campaign The global airlines body IATA has launched a safety campaign urging customers to “save a life, not a bag” after a number of evacuations filmed by passengers have appeared on social media, some showing people carrying luggage from burning planes. The Need for Passenger Education Nick Careen, the IATA senior vice-president for operations and security, said the first priority was to educate passengers that it was “most important to leave hand baggage behind. We need to drive the message home.” Research on travellers in the UK, US, Singapore and UAE found that only 61% were aware of the rules. The Potential for Fines Asked if he favoured fines, Careen said: “Yes, if we could implement them. It could progress because there are regulators who favour it.” He said airlines and manufacturers were not yet considering potential technical fixes such as automatically locking luggage bins. The Impact on Emergency Response The US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) said it was seeing an increasing number of passengers not following flight crew instructions during emergencies. Bryan Bedford, an FAA administrator, said: “In those moments, compliance is critical. Passengers must act quickly, follow instructions without hesitation, and leave all belongings behind.” The Future of Air Safety Education Rachel Loudermilk, the managing director of inflight safety at Southwest Airlines, said cabin crew were having to learn to make passengers comply. She added: “There’s an inherent risk in aircraft – but nobody thinks that will happen to them. Or they think that they’ll be OK, even if they take a bag.”

The Lead The new EU border system that has triggered hours-long delays at major airports may not "stabilise" for two years, according to a senior official from the EU border agency Frontex. The Entry/Exit System (EES) requires non-EU visitors to register personal information and biometrics at borders, creating significant challenges for some member states. The Implementation Challenges Uku Särekanno, a director at Frontex, revealed that some EU member states are "struggling" to adopt the EES, which was fully rolled out on April 10. The most difficult aspect is the initial enrollment process where fingerprints and facial images must be collected. Subsequent visits to the EU would be faster as travelers wouldn't need to repeat this process. The EU has allowed checks to be suspended during peak periods to avoid excessive queues, though this temporary measure is expected to end in September. Countries like France and Greece have already temporarily suspended some biometric checks to prevent travel disruption. The Impact on Summer Travel There are growing concerns that the border checks could contribute to a "summer of travel chaos" in Europe. Consumers are becoming nervous about bookings and potential delays, with British travelers already facing significant holdups at border crossings. Mark Tanzer, chief executive of the UK travel association Abta, warned that problems with the EES system could hurt demand among British holidaymakers this year. He emphasized that some destinations are experiencing particularly severe issues and urged authorities to use the flexibility allowed under EU regulations to suspend biometric registration when queues become unacceptably long. Broader Travel Industry Concerns The EES implementation comes at a challenging time for the travel industry, with holiday bookings for early summer already affected by uncertainty surrounding the conflict in the Middle East and rising living costs. Consumers are increasingly booking their holidays later in the year due to these concerns. The Middle East conflict has triggered higher global oil prices, with jet fuel costs jumping sharply and potentially leading to increased air fares. Despite these challenges, large numbers of flights have not been cancelled during the crucial summer holiday season, contrary to earlier fears. Market Response and Future Outlook Shaun Morton, chief executive of holiday operator On the Beach, noted that while bookings continue to come in, shorter lead times "creates uncertainty and makes planning difficult." He described consumers as "price-sensitive and uncertain" who are booking later due to concerns about inflation, potential fuel shortages, and additional surcharges. Despite these challenges, Morton still expects the summer travel market to grow overall this year, predicting that the current late booking trend will eventually reverse when conditions improve. However, shares in On the Beach have already fallen 30% this year, reflecting market concerns about the current situation.

Mexico's Convincing Victory Mexico secured a 2-0 win against South Africa in their World Cup opener, with Raúl Jiménez scoring the second goal in a comfortable victory for the hosts. The Event Details The match got off to a lively start, with Raúl Jiménez having a shot shovelled wide by South African goalkeeper Ronwen Williams. However, it was Julián Quiñones who broke the deadlock, cutting inside and drilling his shot through Williams' legs nine minutes into the game. Mexico's first goal was scored by Quiñones in the 9th minute. South Africa's Sithole was sent off four minutes into the second half. The Data Analysis Mexico dominated the game, with Quiñones sidefooting against the post six minutes before the break. The only question was the margin of victory, which was finally settled when Raúl Jiménez arrived unmarked at the back post to head home Roberto Alvarado's cross. Mexico's second goal was scored by Raúl Jiménez. South Africa's Themba Zwane was sent off with seven minutes remaining. The Impact Analysis The win is a positive start for Mexico in the tournament, but the broader problems surrounding the World Cup, including concerns over aggression and shambolic organisation, are still present. The Prediction Mexico will look to build on this convincing victory as the tournament progresses, while South Africa will need to regroup and improve their performance to stay in contention.

The Tracey Emin Competition Details This summer, as part of our partnership with Tate for their Tracey Emin: A Second Life exhibition, we have an amazing prize up for grabs. A Second Life is the largest ever exhibition of Emin's work, and features career-defining sensations alongside works never before exhibited. Answer the question below before 11.59pm on Sunday 5 July to be in with a chance of winning: Prize Package Breakdown A special-edition one-year Tate Membership for you and a friend Lunch for two at Tate Modern A Tracey Emin Teacup and Pancake blanket (worth £200) An exhibition catalogue for A Second Life A Tracey Emin tote bag A Tracey Emin cap Competition Terms and Conditions The promotion starts on Tuesday 9 June 2026 and closes at 11:59pm on Sunday 5 July 2026. Open to residents of the United Kingdom aged 18 and over. By entering this competition, you consent to the use of your personal data by the Guardian and Tate as set out in these terms and conditions and the Guardian's privacy policy. Your information will be used to administer the promotion only in accordance with our privacy policy and Tate's privacy policy. Important Prize Information There will be one winner. The winner is responsible for paying all associated costs that are not specifically stated to be included in any promotional materials or these Terms and Conditions, including (without limitation): travel to or from Tate Modern, food and drink, spending money, personal expenditure or any incidental expenses. The prize is non-transferable, non-refundable and there is no cash alternative.

The Danish String Quartet's Captivating Performance A hushed chord sustained by the second violin, viola and cello. Fragments of a melody played as a distant memory by the first violin, which reached slowly upwards to a final crystalline harmonic. Pizzicato, diminuendo, silence. In this captivating performance by the Danish String Quartet, stillness settled over the closing portion of Shostakovich’s String Quartet No 3 in F Op 73 like heavy snow. Bow changes became impossibly seamless. The quartet’s silken tone appeared to exude eerily, disconnected from the basic friction of hair on string. Dynamic Shifts in Tone and Style Such quiet control was all the more striking in the wake of jagged, impassioned solo interjections, deeply incised octave unisons and phrases pursued as if the musicians’ survival depended on it. There was articulation so spiky it was percussive – all contact, no resonance – and passages that sounded symphonic in their velveteen richness. Yet there were also moments of polite levity and luminous classicism. The atmospheric gearshifts were sometimes imperceptibly gradual, sometimes violent, but rarely visible: beyond describing itself as “relatively bearded”, the Danish String Quartet is not an ensemble given to choreographed spectacle. A Showcase of World-Class Musicianship They were, announced violist Asbjørn Nørgaard, thrilled to be back at Wigmore Hall, “this church of chamber music with the best sound in the world”. And you could tell. They played Stravinsky’s Suite italienne (arranged themselves) as a showcase of what a truly world-class quartet can do with the Hall’s acoustic. The work’s rococo twiddles were neat and outrageously classy. Tremolo was served on ice, its melancholic impact immediate. Descant lines were picked out sweet and bright. The quartet relished the squelchiest moments of Stravinsky’s neoclassical harmonic palette, the spare duet that opened the last movement and the sun-saturated warmth into which it blossomed. A Smooth Transition to Ravel's String Quartet After the interval, Ravel’s String Quartet in F saw another switch of palette. There was spacious, unforced nattiness, diaphanous shimmers and scrubbing with the harsh intensity of swarming insects. A handful of instants when ensemble or intonation briefly wavered stood out, inevitably, in such exquisitely polished surroundings. But elsewhere the four musicians seemed to communicate so intimately – so naturally – that their playing sounded like a single, 16-string instrument.

The Formation of Soundgarden and the Grunge Movement Kim Thayil, guitarist of Soundgarden, has always felt like an outsider. Born to Indian parents, Thayil grew up in a suburb of Chicago and later moved to Seattle, where he co-founded Soundgarden in 1984 with bassist Hiro Yamamoto. The band's early sound was influenced by heavy rock and post-punk, and they quickly gained a following in Seattle's music scene. The Evolution of Soundgarden's Sound Thayil's gateway to heavy rock was Kiss, but he was turned off by the hair metal that dominated the 80s. Instead, Soundgarden embraced the might of heavy rock while rejecting the genre's retrograde sexism, defining the grunge movement. The band's breakthrough hit, 'Black Hole Sun,' transcended their gnarly milieu to become an enduring anthem. The Impact of Chris Cornell's Vocal Power Thayil and Yamamoto hailed from Park Forest, a suburb of Chicago, and grew up as immigrants and outsiders. This distance wasn't entirely a bad thing, especially when he got into weird, heavy music. Chris Cornell, the band's vocalist, was initially deemed 'competent and workmanlike' by Thayil, but he quickly developed a fearsome range that would make him a legend. The Loss of Chris Cornell and Kurt Cobain Soundgarden had been the first grungers to sign to a major label, but their greatest commercial achievement came with the release of 'Badmotorfinger,' which went double platinum. However, the mainstream acceptance their peers enjoyed seemed likely to elude Soundgarden without a big crossover song. When 'Black Hole Sun' arrived, Thayil was initially hesitant, but it won Soundgarden their first Grammy and helped their 1994 masterpiece 'Superunknown' sell over 7m copies worldwide. Just as Soundgarden were breaking through, the vibe turned dark with the loss of Chris Cornell and Kurt Cobain. The Legacy of Soundgarden Thayil remembers when the group played festivals such as Lollapalooza: 'We'd play our songs, with their tricky time signatures, and the kids would start jumping up and down, but by the first verse they'd all be out of sync.' Despite the challenges, Soundgarden's music continues to endure, and their legacy as pioneers of grunge remains unchallenged.

The Looming Threat of a 'Super' El Niño A powerful, or “super” El Niño – marked by 2C (3.6F) or greater increase in sea surface temperatures – is now highly probable for this year, lasting into 2027. Weakened trade winds allow warm surface waters to spread across the central and eastern Pacific. This disrupts ocean circulation and alters weather patterns worldwide. Exacerbating Global Economic Inequality El Niño is intensifying an already unequal global economy. Food insecurity is not simply a climatic problem, but rooted in dependency and global market integration, while climate shocks expose how supply chains push risk on to the world’s poorest populations. 10 Potential Worst-Case Scenarios What follows are 10 potential worst-case scenarios – impacts that will not be evenly felt but disproportionately borne by poorer farmers and workers. Drought Drought hits rain-fed agricultural regions particularly hard. In parts of sub-Saharan Africa grain yields often fall during and following El Niño’s, increasing import dependence and raising food prices. Shock to global food supply chains Globally, there is a heightened risk of a shock to global food supply chains. Four crops – wheat, rice, maize and soybeans – provide more than 60% of the world’s calorie intake. Wildfire risk El Niño can heighten wildfire risk in some regions. In South America, it often reduces wet‑season rainfall, leaving vegetation drier and more fire‑prone; severe fires in Brazil in 2016 and 2024 burned millions of hectares. Excess rainfall Parts of the southern United States and South America, the Horn of Africa and central Asia often experience excess rainfall during El Niño, leading to flooding. Increased coal consumption Greater heat can increase already high levels of coal consumption in parts of the world. El Niño brings above-average temperatures and intensifies prolonged heatwaves in south Asia by weakening monsoon rains, which increases demand for air conditioning. Coal-based power systems in Asia supply about 70% of electricity in India and approximately 55% in China. Grid failure risk Drought also affects hydropower generation, increasing risk of grid failures. Colombia, for example, relies upon hydropower for about 65% of its energy generation. Declining fish stocks El Niño stops cool water upwelling in parts of the Pacific, limiting nutrient availability for phytoplankton and leaving small fish such as anchovies and sardines without enough food. Heightened geopolitical tensions over critical agricultural inputs More extreme weather could exacerbate geopolitical tensions. Rising temperatures reduce crop fertility and farmers often respond by applying more fertilizers. Higher rates of heat illness All these dynamics affect societies unequally. Workers exposed to heat stress face heightened health risks, particularly in physically demanding jobs such as agriculture and construction. Civil conflict Reduced crop yields and weakened economies often intensify social tensions. The likelihood of civil conflict in affected tropical countries can double during El Niño years. The Way Forward There is also extensive knowledge on building resilient agricultural systems that can generate food security while contributing to ecosystem restoration. But again, breaking out of an export-orientated, chemically intensive agricultural system will take large-scale political transformations.

The Air Quality Challenge in Pacoima Los Angeles is rated one of the country's worst cities for air pollution, and Pacoima, a neighborhood in the north-east San Fernando valley, is one of the most densely populated and environmentally challenged areas. With a multicultural, working-class community of more than 81,000 people squeezed into seven sq miles, Pacoima is hemmed in by highways, heavy industry, and a small regional airport. The Community-Driven Solution Pacoima Beautiful, a local environmental group, has launched a community air-quality monitoring program using Aeroqual sensors. These sensors, which are attached to homes, businesses, and playgrounds, provide precise measurements of pollutants such as PM2.5 and ozone. The data is then used to inform residents about the air quality in their neighborhood and push for better management of air quality. The Impact of Hyperlocal Data The hyperlocal data collected by the sensors is critical because the closest monitor used for regulatory purposes is miles away and doesn't reflect conditions on the ground. By having this data, residents can make informed decisions about their health and advocate for change. Paloma Giottonini, an urban planning professor at California State University, Northridge, notes that "data in the hands of the community is really powerful" and can be used to guide better management in the future. Sucking Up the Data Pacoima Beautiful is deploying multiple sensors throughout the neighborhood, providing a detailed picture of air quality across the area. This data will be used to advocate for more Air Quality Index (AQI) sensors for the entire north-east San Fernando valley and push for policy changes to improve air quality. The Future of Air Quality in Pacoima The project in Pacoima is an example of community-driven environmental action and the use of technology to address air pollution. By providing residents with real-time data on air quality, Pacoima Beautiful hopes to secure a better climate future for the neighborhood and inspire similar initiatives in other environmentally challenged communities.