UNHCR Reports Record Number of Rohingya Refugee Deaths at Sea in 2025

The United Nations refugee agency has revealed that nearly 900 Rohingya refugees were reported dead or missing in the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea in 2025. This was the deadliest year on record for maritime movements in South and South East Asia.

Thousands of people continue to make the dangerous journeys in 2026, with the UNHCR describing the area as an “unmarked graveyard for thousands of desperate Rohingya refugees”. Over the last decade, some 5,000 Rohingya are thought to have drowned at sea.

Hundreds of thousands of Rohingya refugees began fleeing Myanmar in 2017 amid an ethnic cleansing campaign. They largely settled in refugee camps in Bangladesh, which continues to give refuge to those fleeing today. However, humanitarian aid in the country has been reduced due to funding shortfalls, and there is limited access to education and opportunities in the camps, prompting people to attempt the dangerous sea crossings.

More than 2,800 Rohingya have made the sea journeys this year, with the majority leaving from Cox’s Bazar in Bangladesh or Rakhine State in Myanmar in the hope of reaching Malaysia or Indonesia. The UNHCR hopes that highlighting the record death toll will make people aware of “what the Rohingyas are going through inside Myanmar and in the refugee camps and in the wider region” and prompt solutions to avoid another record toll in 2026.