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Reader’s Dilemma: Trusting Passkeys Over Traditional PasswordsMartin Avis from Chester asks whether a smartphone PIN or facial recognition can be safer than a complicated password combined with two‑factor authentication, especially if the phone is stolen or lost.Understanding Passkeys: Device‑Bound Credentials ExplainedPasskeys are cryptographic credentials stored locally on a device rather than on a service’s server. When you register, the service receives a public key while the private key remains sealed in the phone’s secure enclave, making it unphishable and resistant to credential‑stuffing attacks.Security Trade‑offs Highlighted by the ReaderDevice loss: If a phone is nicked, a PIN or biometric could be guessed or coerced.Recovery complexity: Losing the device may require backup keys or account recovery flows.Phishing resistance: Passkeys cannot be harvested via phishing links, unlike passwords.Why Experts Advocate Passkeys Despite the RisksThe UK’s National Cyber Security Centre and other security bodies promote passkeys because they eliminate the need for passwords that users often reuse or store insecurely. Even if a device is compromised, the private key is protected by hardware‑level security and biometric checks, reducing the attack surface.Future Outlook: Adoption and Best Practices for Passkey SecurityAs more services integrate passkey support, users should combine device‑bound credentials with strong device lock methods and maintain encrypted backups. This layered approach mitigates the impact of loss while preserving the phishing‑resistant benefits of passkeys.

The Geopolitical Crossroads: Armenia's Democratic Test Voting is under way in Armenia's parliamentary election, seen as a test of the government's efforts to forge a peace deal with rival Azerbaijan and loosen ties with Moscow. Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan and his ruling Civil Contract party are seeking a strong mandate to continue a geopolitical reorientation towards Europe and away from former imperial ruler Russia. The opposition they face includes several parties that are vocally pro-Moscow. Casting his vote on Sunday, Pashinyan said Armenia would continue strengthening its independence, statehood, democracy and rule of law. "The European Union is our main partner in democratic reform implementation and we will continue that path," he said. He also stressed that there were no tensions between Armenia and Moscow, saying, "our relations with Russia are institutional and based on mutual respect," the Armenpress news agency reported. The Strategic Shift: Armenia's Westward Reorientation Pashinyan has moved Armenia closer to the West and away from Russia since coming to power in 2018, drawing the ire of Moscow. Russian officials hit Armenian exports with restrictions in recent weeks, while high-ranking officials, including President Vladimir Putin, have made thinly veiled threats comparing Armenia's path to that already taken by Ukraine. A day before the vote, Armenian investigators said they issued six arrest warrants for members of the Strong Armenia party, accusing them of buying votes. The nation's Central Election Committee confirmed on Saturday that the party could run after a member of another opposition party, Republic, appealed for Strong Armenia to be barred over corruption allegations. Armenia's parliament, the National Assembly, must consist of at least 101 members who are elected for five-year terms. Parties must win at least 4 percent of the vote to take a seat, while blocs made up of three or more parties must hit 8 percent. Two political blocs and 17 parties are taking part in the election. The Economic Calculus: Growth vs. Regional Dependencies Most pollsters and experts have predicted Pashinyan, who came to power in 2018 following sweeping street protests, will come out ahead. Polls opened at 8am local time (04:00 GMT) on Sunday and will close at 8pm (16:00 GMT). Supporters of the incumbent leader have praised his governance, with the gross domestic product per capita doubling since he took power. "I really like how Armenia has been growing right before my eyes," 39-year-old voter Karine Darbinyan told the Reuters news agency at a rally for Pashinyan in Yerevan's central square on Friday. The 51-year-old has also sought to loosen Armenia's dependence on Moscow, after it failed to help during the Karabakh conflict, saying Armenia would pursue a balanced foreign policy after the vote. The Security Dilemma: Peace with Azerbaijan or Return to Conflict Pashinyan has framed the vote as a choice between a lasting peace with Azerbaijan or a return to war. His peace efforts have taken centre stage in his campaign, which includes an agreement he signed at the White House last August with Azerbaijan after an on-and-off war that has raged since the late 1980s. The conflict came to an end in 2023, when the Azerbaijan army seized control of the enclave and most of the Armenian population fled. Maria Titizian, editor-in-chief of EVN Report, an online news magazine based in Yerevan, said the key issues for voters are related to security and identity. "It's about how Armenia should guarantee its security in a profoundly changed, altered regional environment, what kind of relationship it should have with Russia, especially after many of the assumptions that underpinned its post-Soviet security architecture were fundamentally shaken, [and] whether it should continue deepening ties with Europe, the US, and what peace could or should look like with Azerbaijan," Titizian told Al Jazeera, speaking from the capital. The campaign has been marked by fear-mongering, she said, with the incumbent party saying that if the pro-Russian opposition wins, we will "definitely have war with Azerbaijan", and the pro-Russian parties "saying that if we cut ties with Russia, the economic fallout will be catastrophic for the country". The Opposition Challenge: Pro-Russia Forces and Democratic Concerns Pashinyan has faced a wave of criticism from the opposition and some sections of the public who have accused him of capitulating to Azerbaijan. Armenia's opposition is dominated by the Strong Armenia party, formed last year by Russian-Armenian billionaire Samvel Karapetyan, who is under house arrest on charges of plotting a coup. He wants to keep Armenia close to Russia, a key supplier of energy and buyer of exports. At a Strong Armenia rally in Yerevan last week, a woman who gave her name only as Gayane said she supported Karapetyan because he would ensure "that our Armenia remains Armenian". She said her roots were in Nagorno-Karabakh, the breakaway territory inhabited by ethnic Armenians that was retaken by Azerbaijan in the 2023 war. "The current authorities have taken away that hope from us. And Samvel Karapetyan has now given us new hope that we can at least preserve our Armenia and our traditions," Gayane told Reuters. Pashinyan's democratic record is also on the ballot paper. Eight years after he swept to power on a promise to dismantle Armenia's oligarchic system, he faces increasing accusations of democratic backsliding. The government has broadly defended the actions of law enforcement agencies against individuals whom it says are trying to foment coups.

The Rise of Anti-Tech Extremism in the AI AgeWhen a 20-year-old man from Texas was arrested earlier this year for allegedly trying to burn down OpenAI's headquarters and Sam Altman's house, authorities found an anti-AI manifesto alongside his lighter and a jug of kerosene. This incident is part of a spate of attacks that has caused alarm among researchers, the tech industry and law enforcement about the rise of anti-tech extremism.In April, an Italian "nature pilled" Instagram influencer was arrested in Rome and charged with plotting a series of anti-tech attacks that took inspiration from Ted "The Unabomber" Kaczynski. Two self-described "ecofascists" that carried out a deadly anti-Muslim attack on a mosque in San Diego last month also cited "AI slop" and JD Vance's ties to Palantir as motivations for their violence in their manifesto. An Indianapolis city councilor woke up earlier this year to gunshots being fired into his home before finding a note that read "NO DATA CENTERS".The growing public backlash to the tech industry's rapid rollout of artificial intelligence has taken many, mostly-non violent forms such as local communities organizing against datacenters and political candidates promising increased oversight. Yet at the fringes, researchers say grievances against the AI industry and its leaders are animating old violent extremist movements and fomenting new ones."AI is becoming this driver of political violence, and that's a very new phenomenon," said Jordyn Abrams, a researcher at the Program on Extremism at George Washington University.AI as a Unifying Factor for Extremist GroupsWhile much of the early public discussion around generative AI and extremism focused on how malign actors like terrorist groups could misuse products such as ChatGPT for propaganda purposes or plotting attacks, there is more recent attention given to how the AI industry as a whole can radicalize people. What motivates someone to extremist violence might not be a conversation with a chatbot, researchers say, but the society-wide disruption, narrative of existential threat and lack of accountability that has come with the AI boom.In the same way that AI has come to pervade many facets of modern life, the technology has also filtered into the way that extremists think about the world. Whether it is violent anti-government groups opposing mass surveillance, ecofascists with environmental grievances, neo-Nazi accelerationists bent on collapsing critical tech infrastructure or the man who allegedly targeted Altman's house worried about superpowerful artificial intelligence destroying humanity, AI has become a fixation across the extremist spectrum."It really transcends these left-right dichotomies," said Yannick Veilleux-Lepage, an associate professor at the Royal Military College of Canada. "We're seeing a lot of different groups, a lot of different ideologies being framed through a lens of anti-AI."The Unprecedented Speed of AI TransformationThe modern anti-tech movement has a long lineage. Periods of technological change are historically accompanied by backlash from the people most affected, with researchers often pointing to the early 19th-century luddite rebellion of British textile workers smashing automated knitting machines as they demanded more labor rights. The next 200 years brought waves of violent labor disputes and political violence that accompanied tech's market disruptions, uneven accumulation of wealth and disenfranchisement of workers.In the 1990s, there was cultural pushback against the rise of the personal computer and the fear of how it would disrupt society. Common complaints included fears of replacing human workers, environmental harm and crumbling healthy social structures."Haven't you heard? It wants your job. It peddles you smut. It corrupts your kids. It's cold, sterile, inhuman. Suddenly, it's okay to hate your computer," read a New York Magazine cover story from 1995 on the "New Luddites".The same year as New York Magazine ran its cover story, the Washington Post and the New York Times published the Unabomber's anti-tech manifesto, a 35,000-word screed against industrial society that has proliferated online in the years since and become the closest thing that anti-tech extremism has to a foundational text.What separates anti-AI extremism from these previous waves of tech backlash, researchers say, is partly the speed and scale of how AI is bringing about economic, social and political change."Not only are these whole-of-society changes and not only are they really disruptive, they're happening really quickly," Veilleux-Lepage said. "There isn't time for people to build resilience or to inoculate themselves from these changes".The AI industry's longstanding talking points – that the technology will revolutionize the world, if not end it – also lend themselves to a radicalizing narrative that AI poses an existential threat and must be stopped at all costs. When Veilleux-LePage gives talks to policymakers about anti-tech extremism, one of his slides simply features a series of quotes from CEOs."In order to radicalize people, you don't actually need to have theorists or ideologues that are calling people to violence against AI, because the tech CEOs are doing a pretty good case," Veilleux-LePage said.Corporate Response and Security ConcernsAltman has often framed the changes AI will bring as something that may be difficult, but is ultimately both positive – above all, he describes the change as inevitable."I expect some really bad stuff to happen because of the technology which also has happened with previous technologies," Altman said on venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz's podcast last year.While tech CEOs are publicly optimistic about the resilience of society and the change that AI will bring about, it is also clear that they are privately concerned with the threat of political violence. Spending on personal security for executives has ballooned over the past five years amid incidents such as the killing of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson, while tech leaders such as Elon Musk now pour millions into their own protection. SpaceX revealed in its IPO filing earlier this year that it paid $4m last year to Musk's private security firm, double what it had spent only two years before.There are signs over the past year that the AI industry is shifting its rhetoric as it grapples with widespread public distrust. Altman claimed last month that AI would probably not lead to the "jobs apocalypse" that he once discussed, even as companies like Meta lay off tens of thousands of workers. OpenAI and Anthropic have meanwhile both announced funds and thinktanks this year aimed at helping civil institutions adapt to AI, with OpenAI's non-profit organization committing $250m to grants for programs that help workers navigate AI upheaval.Major AI firms are hiring national security, intelligence, and weapons experts to monitor threats and misuse of their technology, including some with a background in extremism and counter-terrorism research. OpenAI's head of intelligence previously worked as one of the foremost academic experts on the Islamic State and wrote a book on the group's belief that it was bringing about the apocalypse. OpenAI and Anthropic did not respond to requests for interviews with their intelligence or security experts.The Accountability Gap and Future RisksThe closing off of legitimate avenues to address public opposition to AI, as well as the feeling that the technology is being forced upon society, is creating what researchers describe as a gap in accountability that can further incentivize terrorism and political violence.Donald Trump, in alignment with tech leaders, issued an executive order last year attempting to block any state-level legislation that would rein in AI development and has said that nothing will slow down the US in the global AI race. Tech billionaires are also pouring millions of dollars into lobbying and political spending in an attempt to prevent regulation of AI."When authorities are too busy, or just don't care enough, to regulate and take action, then people affected are going to take action," said Mauro Lubrano, a lecturer at the University of Bath and author of Stop the Machines: The Rise of Anti-Technology Extremism.Federal law enforcement documents acquired by Wired and the Intercept show that US authorities are increasingly monitoring anti-tech movements, while authorities have declared they will aggressively prosecute violent attacks. Following the attempted arson at Altman's house earlier this year, authorities vowed that "the FBI will not tolerate threats against our nation's innovation leaders".Yet researchers warn that authorities risk conflating the nationwide protests and calls for increased regulation of AI with more fringe, anti-tech extremist views, which is both inaccurate and counterproductive. Programs aimed at mass surveillance and attempts to silence nonviolent anti-AI movements will inevitably backfire, Lubrano says, further pushing people to the violent fringes if they feel their legitimate grievances aren't being addressed."We have this opportunity to be proactive in this while avoiding mistakes that we've made in the past when responding to other forms of extremism," Lubrano said. "Something tells me that we're not off to a great start".

A phase‑3 trial of retatrutide, a once‑weekly triple‑hormone injection, showed patients with type 2 diabetes cut HbA1c by up to 1.9 percentage points and shed up to 15 % of body weight after 40 weeks.Triple‑Hormone Mechanism Sets Retatrutide ApartThe drug combines analogues of GLP‑1, GIP and glucagon, targeting appetite, glucose regulation and energy expenditure simultaneously. Unlike Ozempic or Wegovy (GLP‑1 only) and Mounjaro (GLP‑1 + GIP), the added glucagon activity aims to boost metabolic rate.Trial Numbers Reveal Double‑Digit HbA1c Cuts and 15% Weight Loss930 adults with type 2 diabetes, BMI ≥ 23, not on other diabetes meds.Randomised to 4 mg, 9 mg or 12 mg retatrutide or placebo for 40 weeks.HbA1c reduction: 1.7‑1.9 pp vs 0.8 pp placebo.Weight loss: 11.5‑15.3 % vs 2.6 % placebo.Improvements in cholesterol and blood pressure observed.Serious adverse events in 14 participants (including 2 on placebo); most side effects were mild gastrointestinal issues.Potential Shift in Diabetes‑Obesity Treatment LandscapeExperts say the dual impact on glycaemic control and weight could reshape management pathways. Dr Kath McCullough (Royal College of Physicians) called the results “life‑changing,” while Dr Marie Spreckley (University of Cambridge) cautioned that head‑to‑head data against existing agents are still needed.For health systems such as the NHS, a drug delivering both outcomes may reduce long‑term cardiovascular complications and associated costs, but pricing and safety profiles will drive adoption.Next Steps: Head‑to‑Head Comparisons and Long‑Term SafetyFurther phase‑3 studies are planned to compare retatrutide directly with semaglutide and tirzepatide. Regulators will scrutinise the balance of metabolic benefits against gastrointestinal adverse events before approval.

The Growing Concern Over Ebola Fans from around the world are arriving in North America for the largest-ever World Cup, but an outbreak of the Ebola virus in East Africa has put health officials in the host nations on high alert. Ebola Outbreak Details Authorities are racing to contain the outbreak of the rare Bundibugyo strain of the virus, which was first declared in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) on May 15. It has since infected at least 488 people there, causing 86 deaths. DRC: 488 infected, 86 deaths Uganda: 19 cases, 2 deaths Travel Restrictions and Airport Screening The World Cup host nations announced “aligned public health travel measures for individuals coming from African regions at greatest risk from the Ebola virus”. The US, Canada, and Mexico have implemented various measures: US: Banned noncitizens who had travelled to the DRC, Uganda, or South Sudan in the previous 21 days; extended ban to green card holders. Canada: Temporarily banned residents of the DRC, Uganda, and South Sudan from entering the country for 90 days; required 21-day quarantine for those who have been in affected areas. Mexico: Tighter Ebola screening measures at airports; 21-day quarantine for arrivals from the DRC. DRC Team Precautions The DRC team, who have qualified for their first World Cup since 1974, cancelled a planned pre-World Cup training camp at home due to the Ebola outbreak and have been based in Belgium instead. They must maintain a bubble in Belgium and isolate for 21 days or risk being denied entry to the US. Tracking Outbreaks Boston University’s Center on Emerging Infectious Diseases will monitor the World Cup to track any outbreaks of infectious diseases. The National Special Pathogen System (NSPS) also conducted a tabletop exercise simulating responses to disease outbreaks during the tournament. Very Low Risk to Fans Health experts believe that the risk of Ebola transmission to fans is very low, citing that Ebola is not airborne and requires direct contact with someone who is quite sick. Fans are advised to follow basic precautions such as good hand hygiene and avoiding close contact if unwell.

Lead: A Century‑Long Timeline for Social HousingResearch by the housing charity Shelter reveals that, if the current delivery rate continues, it will take 119 years to clear England’s social‑housing waiting list. The findings underscore a widening gap between demand and supply, with profound social implications.Shelter's Study Reveals 119‑Year Timeline to Clear Social Housing WaitlistThe charity examined the latest building figures and waiting‑list data across England. Key observations include:More than 1.3 million households are on the waiting list for a social home.Only 12,198 new social homes were completed in 2025 by councils, housing associations, and private developers.This translates to an average of 110 households waiting for each new home delivered.Numbers Behind the Crisis: 1.3 Million Households, 12,198 New Homes, 110‑to‑1 RatioHistorical trends highlight a steep decline in construction:In the past 15 years, annual delivery of new social‑rent homes has fallen by 64%.Homeless households in temporary accommodation have risen by 155% over the same period.In 20% of council areas, no social homes were built in the last two years; in 30% fewer than ten were built.Why England’s Housing Shortfall Threatens Communities and Increases HomelessnessChief Executive Sarah Elliott warned that “none of us alive today will live to see the end of the housing emergency” if the pace does not change. The report links the shortage to:£29 bn of housing debt transferred to local authorities in 2012, which hampers financing for new builds.Right‑to‑buy sales that reduce council stock while interest payments on the debt consume resources.Private landlords converting family homes into high‑cost temporary accommodation.Stakeholders, including Suzanne Muna of the Social Housing Action Campaign, describe the situation as a “systemic failure of successive governments”.What Needs to Happen to Shorten the Waitlist: Policy Shifts and Debt ReliefThe government has pledged a “council housing revolution” with a target of 300,000 new social and affordable homes, of which 180,000 would be social rent. To meet this ambition, experts call for:Forgiveness or reduction of the £29 bn council housing debt.Increased annual delivery to at least 90,000 social homes for the next decade.Policy reforms that protect council stock from excessive right‑to‑buy discounts and ensure sustainable rent rates.Without such interventions, the projected 119‑year clearance timeline will persist, deepening the housing emergency for future generations.

The Rise of Tech-Savvy Farmers in KenyaKericho County, Kenya – A typical Saturday morning starts before sunrise for Chepkorir Rotich, a farmer in Kiboito village in western Kenya's Kericho County. By then, Rotich has already milked her cows and sold the milk, fed her chickens, and headed back to pluck vegetables for orders already placed. Her work starts this way every day, and she does it with passion.When the 33-year-old mother of two left college more than a decade ago, she was excited and ready to join the formal employment sector and secure a full-time job."I thought I would be employed as a business administrator, but after looking for a job for too long, I accepted contract offers in three different companies," she says. "The highest paid me about $200 in a month. While living in Nairobi, that wasn't enough."From Job Seekers to Agricultural EntrepreneursA lack of white-collar jobs has kept young Kenyans like Rotich out of employment, leaving them to innovate ways to survive and earn a living. In doing so, many youths have resorted to agriculture and other fields, with many using digital as well as vocational skills to stay ahead of the game.Digital Transformation of Kenyan AgricultureRotich, for example, uses social media to market her produce and to learn how to practice agriculture using modern methods. Social media helps her share knowledge with young people who comprise a large portion of her nearly 50,000 followers. She also runs a YouTube channel where she shares her knowledge of farming.The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reports that the average African farmer is 60 years old, something Rotich refutes, saying the presumed age of farmers has made many young people shun agriculture instead of embracing it as a way to earn a living going into the future."I think the reason they say that is because of access to land on which to do agriculture, which is mostly owned by older people," Rotich tells Al Jazeera. "In my case, I started farming in the compound of my rented house, and by the end of each month, my landlord owed me money after settling the rent because I sold him milk and vegetables. So, it's all about passion and consistency among the youth."Kiringai Kamau, a lecturer at the University of Nairobi with expertise in agricultural economics, agribusiness, and food systems, says young people should take up agriculture as full-time employment since they are the ones who can effectively understand and deploy technology."To do this, we have established the devolution agroecology and AI learning centre in Murang'a University, where we will be pushing to have the centre train the youth who will be going into agriculture to be able to link with the agricultural data ecosystem, deriving from the infrastructure that will be provided, and also giving information to the county and country, and any other professionals that may be interested in data coming there," he tells Al Jazeera.Derrick Ngigi, the technical head at Global Open Data for Agriculture and Nutrition (GODAN), says that while youth are embracing agriculture, technology also plays a role in providing them with opportunities."For example, content creation in agriculture brings a lot of opportunities, such as creating content around modern farming methods, which has been generating revenue for the youth," Ngigi says.AI Tools Revolutionizing Farming PracticesAbout five kilometres outside Kiboito, at Kaptoroi village, Geoffrey Kiprop is busy cleaning his cowshed after feeding his cattle for the early morning. The 32-year-old earned a bachelor's degree in information technology in 2017 but has never secured formal employment.Like Rotich, Kiprop has been surviving on contract work, such as jobs doing systems development and maintenance for schools. He says that the highest-paid contract was for 15,000 Kenyan shillings ($116). But now, he makes about 7,000 Kenyan shillings ($54) a day through farming.Kiprop also practices mixed farming, rearing cows for milk and chickens for eggs and meat, while also planting crops such as tea, coffee, capsicum, cabbage, and beans.He uses modern technologies to raise his crops and livestock and takes advantage of his IT training, which he utilises to ensure maximum profits.Examples of the tools he uses include the Plantix app, which he says helps detect crop disease and malnutrition using AI after he simply takes a photo of the crop and uploads it. The app also gives the farmer the weather forecast and the best crop practices to perform in line with current weather conditions."My favourite is the Virtual Agronomist. This is an AI-enabled platform where I use Google Maps to capture the coordinates of my crop field and then specify the types of crops I am growing," Kiprop explains. "In return, the Virtual Agronomist will enable me to know the size of the plots under farming. It also generates a nutrient plan by sampling the soil in the farm, guiding me in what the soil is missing in terms of nutrients and the exact amount to add," he tells Al Jazeera.For his cows, Kiprop also uses an AI tool to manage their health and production."Also, I use the Digicow app, which assists the farmer in managing dairy farm practices by tracking all the day-to-day activities in the dairy farm, which includes recording the amount of milk sold and used by the farmer, dairy inputs like feed and health practices, thus allowing the farmer to know if he's making a profit or not," Kiprop says.Financial Benefits of Tech-Enhanced FarmingBoth Rotich and Kiprop demonstrate that farming with AI tools can be more financially rewarding than traditional employment paths for educated young Kenyans. While contract work offered Rotich a maximum of $200 per month and Kiprop's highest contract paid 15,000 Kenyan shillings ($116), Kiprop now earns approximately 7,000 Kenyan shillings ($54) daily through his tech-enhanced farming operations.The Future of Agriculture in KenyaBoth Rotich and Kiprop agree on one thing: agriculture also comes with its own challenges, and one has to be deeply passionate and consistent to make something out of it."Consistency is key," says Rotich. "It's something that many young people lack, and they quit very early before they can break even and realise profits. One has to do things many times to be able to finally get it and learn from the mistakes made before."

The Rise of Sound Baths in Wellness Culture In an era where digital detoxes and mindfulness practices have become mainstream, a new wellness trend has emerged: sound baths. These experiences, where participants pay to lie on mats while practitioners play singing bowls, chimes, and gongs, have seen online interest rise exponentially in the last decade. From Sydney Harbour settings to high-end wellness clubs with surround-sound chambers, the industry is capitalizing on claims that these sonic experiences can "soothe and calm your nervous system" with sounds that "penetrate every cell in your body." But as this trend grows, questions arise about whether these expensive experiences deliver on their promises. The Science Behind Sound and Relaxation "There's a rich field of music psychology that's all about the impacts of different types of sounds on human psychology and human physiology," explains Dr Vince Polito, a senior lecturer in psychological sciences at Macquarie University. Experts suggest that while specific frequencies may not have the mystical healing properties claimed by practitioners, the experience can still be beneficial. Dr Sandra Garrido, a senior research fellow at the University of Sydney's school of psychology, notes that "like anything in the wellness space, its benefits can definitely be talked up." The effects of sound or music on wellbeing largely relate to how we perceive and interpret those sounds, rather than specific types or frequencies. Research Evidence on Sound Meditation Studies on sound baths and similar practices offer some insight into their potential benefits. A 2016 observational study found that people who participated in a meditation session involving Tibetan singing bowls reported feeling less tension, anger and fatigue afterward. Another randomized controlled trial in breast cancer patients linked Tibetan sound meditation to improved cognitive function and mental health. However, researchers note that mindfulness meditation itself has been independently linked to improvements in anxiety, depression and insomnia, making it difficult to isolate the specific effects of sound. Sound Baths vs. Music Therapy While sound baths have gained popularity in wellness circles, they differ significantly from music therapy, a regulated profession with a long history of therapeutic use. "There are long histories of using music and sound in therapeutic ways," says Dr Amanda Krause, a senior lecturer in psychology and president of the Australian Music and Psychology Society. Music therapists work with a range of clients in schools and hospitals, using music listening or production to improve psychological and physical health. Unlike sound bath practitioners, music therapists are registered professionals with standardized training and ethical guidelines. The Social Connection Factor One potential benefit of sound baths that researchers acknowledge is the social aspect of the experience. "Historically, throughout most of human history... music has been about social connection," Garrido explains. "It's only in the last 100 years or so that we've had the capacity to go home and listen to music on our own in an isolating kind of way." The communal experience of a sound bath can create a sense of connection that's increasingly rare in our digital, often isolated lives. "Communally listening to music in the experience of a sound bath can be a 'helpful, healthy thing,'" Garrido adds. The Future of Sound Wellness As the wellness industry continues to evolve, sound baths may find their place alongside other mindfulness practices, though perhaps not as the "miracle cure" some marketing suggests. "I've been to them myself," Garrido admits. "I enjoy them, they can be relaxing, it's a nice experience – but I wouldn't pay too much money for it." The future of sound wellness likely involves a more balanced approach that acknowledges both the potential benefits of focused listening and the importance of not overclaiming what the science can support. As with many wellness trends, the key may be finding practices that work for individuals without requiring expensive or mystical explanations.

The hantavirus episode aboard the MV Hondius has been managed with swift isolation, testing and multinational coordination, yet the disease's eight‑week incubation window means dangerous days remain ahead.Why the Cruise Ship Setting Complicates Hantavirus ControlCruise vessels create a perfect storm for viral spread: dense living quarters, frequent port stops and passengers returning to dozens of home countries. In this case, roughly 150 people of 23 nationalities were on board when the virus was identified, forcing health officials to choose between keeping everyone confined on the ship or disembarking them and risking wider dissemination.Numbers Behind the Outbreak: Cases, Nationalities, and MortalityPassengers on board: 150Nationalities represented: 23Incubation period: 1‑8 weeksPrevious notable outbreak (Andes strain, Argentina 2018): 34 confirmed cases, 11 deathsRecommended quarantine duration by WHO: 42 daysTo date, no secondary infections have been confirmed among passengers who flew home before the outbreak was detected, but surveillance continues.Public Health Ripple Effects Across 23 NationsUK Health Security Agency under Prof Susan Hopkins has set up self‑contained isolation flats at Arrowe Park Hospital, providing daily testing and medical assessment. The World Health Organization has taken the lead in coordinating response protocols, while the United States, having recently withdrawn from the WHO and reduced CDC cruise‑inspection capacity, relies on other agencies to monitor potential spread.Each government is now tasked with supporting its returning nationals through logistics, medical care and the full 42‑day quarantine, a daunting logistical challenge given the varied health infrastructures.What the Next Weeks May Hold for Global ContainmentExperts anticipate a surge in confirmed cases within days as testing expands on the ship. The critical question will be whether any of the disembarked passengers develop symptoms, which could trigger secondary chains of infection across multiple continents.Research into vaccines and repurposed antivirals is accelerating, offering a glimmer of hope. Until effective therapeutics are available, traditional measures—isolating cases, enforcing N95 mask use and rigorous contact tracing—remain the backbone of the response.