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The Plight of Yemeni Soldiers Inside a military facility on the outskirts of Marib, Yemen, soldier Suleiman al-Hajj sits beside two of his comrades in a sparse room where they spend most of their on-duty hours. Worry is etched on his face as he makes another call and sends a flurry of messages in search of a loan as another salary payment from the army is delayed. Financial Hardships in the Yemeni Army Army personnel earn 60,000 to 180,000 Yemeni riyals per month, roughly $38 to $116. However, the army receives a budget of roughly 36 billion riyals each month, about $23.2m, with about 17 billion riyals allocated to the Fourth Military Region based in Aden. Delayed Salaries and Its Consequences One officer told Al Jazeera that his soldiers last received their salaries in December, despite the government promising that any arrears would be paid by Eid al-Adha. The delayed payments highlight two clear challenges for the Yemeni military: one regarding the cost of living and another about how resources are distributed. Impact on Soldiers' Discipline and Morale Military affairs analyst Iyad al-Masqari believes the situation could compel soldiers to join irregular military formations, such as the Security Belts, where more regular payments would be guaranteed, leaving the army with a shortage of experienced fighters. Economic expert Mohammed al-Jamaei said the salary delays point to deeper problems within the army about how resources are distributed. Government's Justifications and Future Prospects The Defence Ministry has previously blamed the issue of arrears on financial constraints, citing liquidity shortages, declining resources and complications in the distribution of salaries. Until then, soldiers in Marib and other front-line cities are fighting not just on the battlefield but also against poverty, testing soldiers' abilities to continue their duties.

Yemen Petroleum Company Announces 24% Fuel Price IncreaseOn April 16, the Yemen Petroleum Company (YPC), under the internationally recognised government, announced a new round of fuel price hikes in government‑controlled areas. Petrol and diesel prices rose to 1,475 Yemeni riyals per litre (≈$0.98), up from 1,190 riyals (≈$0.79), a 24% increase. The company cited regional tensions, disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz, and higher transport and insurance costs as the drivers.Effective date: second half of April 2026Price change: +285 riyals per litreJustification: regional conflict, shipping disruptions, global oil market linkageQuantifying the Surge: Numbers Behind the HikeThe hike translates to an extra 100 Yemeni riyals ($0.06) per litre for drivers like Abdullah Salem, who raised his afternoon fare by the same amount. For students, monthly transport fees increased by 3,000 riyals ($2). Bus operators in Aden and Mukalla now charge up to 49,000 riyals ($32.60) per month, compared with 45,000 riyals ($30) the month before.Ripple Effects on Households and the Transport SectorDrivers, students, and market vendors report immediate strain:Abdullah Salem, a 55‑year‑old driver, says his earnings barely cover fuel costs and family support.University student Um Fatemia notes her family exhausted savings and sold jewellery to afford bus fares.Fish vendors and other small traders anticipate higher operating costs, threatening price stability of essential goods.Economists warn that the fuel hike will likely push up food and other commodity prices, deepening Yemen’s already fragile economy.Future Outlook: Potential for Further Increases and Social StrainYPC has framed the hike as “temporary,” contingent on the resolution of the Gulf crisis. However, Mustafa Nasr, head of the Studies and Economic Media Center, cautions that if global oil prices rise, additional rounds of price increases are probable. The lack of immediate protests does not preclude mounting social tension, especially as transport unions negotiate fare caps.Monitoring indicators such as fuel import costs, exchange‑rate fluctuations, and regional security developments will be critical to anticipate the next wave of price adjustments.

In Yemen, the government's efforts to curb the devaluation of the Yemeni riyal have led to a stabilisation of the currency, but have also created a severe liquidity crunch. The Central Bank of Yemen, based in the southern city of Aden, has implemented measures to control currency speculation and provide traders with hard currency.Despite these efforts, cash shortages have worsened, with people in government-controlled cities such as Aden, Taiz, and Mukalla struggling to access Yemeni riyals. Many are unable to convert foreign currency, such as US dollars or Saudi riyals, into local cash, leading to a thriving black market for currency exchange.The cash shortage has paralysed businesses and left many Yemenis unable to access their savings or use their hard currency. Mohammed Omer, a small grocery shop owner in Mukalla, said he has spent hours trying to convert Saudi riyals into Yemeni riyals, but has been unable to do so due to the cash shortage.The Yemeni government has acknowledged the cash shortage and approved short-term measures to address the problem. However, the crisis has highlighted the country's ongoing economic struggles, which have been exacerbated by the war between the Saudi-backed government and the Iran-aligned Houthis.

Sanaa, Yemen – At 7 a.m., 14‑year‑old Qasim wakes, grabs a one‑metre‑by‑half‑metre white sack and heads out to collect plastic bottles, hoping to fill it by 11:30 a.m. A full sack can bring in up to 1,500 Yemeni riyal (≈ $3), which the family uses for daily meals. When Qasim returns home, he can briefly be a child again, playing football with neighbours. By evening, his 12‑year‑old brother Asem takes over the bottle‑collecting, selling the haul at night to cover dinner costs. For the siblings, school is a luxury they cannot afford. "I was in fourth grade in 2024, but I stopped because I needed to help my family," Qasim told Al Jazeera, wiping his cheeks. "Sitting in a classroom would not feed me," he added. The conflict that began in 2014 between Iran‑backed Houthis and the Saudi‑backed government has devastated Yemen’s education system. UNICEF estimates that 3.2 million school‑aged children are out of school, with another 1.5 million displaced children at risk of permanent dropout. Even though a cease‑fire was declared in April 2022, the war’s economic fallout persists. During the fourth Riyadh International Humanitarian Forum, Yemen’s Minister of Planning Waed Badhib said the war has cost the national economy **over $250 billion** and pushed unemployment to **35 %**. Parents like Qasim’s father, 48‑year‑old daily‑wage worker Abdu, no longer see education as a viable path. "Seeing a hungry child hurts more than seeing a child drop out," he said, noting that many university graduates now work as construction guards or porters. Experts warn that this short‑term coping strategy harms long‑term prospects. Mahmoud al‑Bukari, a Taiz academic, explained that forcing children into work “creates further social and economic problems for both individuals and society.” Sociology professor Afrah al‑Humaiqani stressed that denying education violates children’s rights and breeds anxiety, undermining future economic development. Infrastructure damage compounds the crisis: more than 2,400 schools are destroyed, partially damaged, or repurposed (Save the Children). Remaining classrooms are overcrowded, and teachers—many unpaid for years—are demotivated, leading to a decline in teaching quality. Fatima Saleh, a teacher in Sanaa, described educators as the "engine" of learning. "When that engine falters, students lose interest and drop out," she said, noting that unpaid salaries force many teachers to quit or seek other work. Journalist Mohammed Abdu al‑Samei argues that the cease‑fire alone cannot revive education without addressing the underlying economic collapse. International aid has also dwindled, leaving a critical funding gap for programs that once kept children in school. For Qasim, returning to a classroom is no longer realistic. He now aims to acquire a trade—painting, carpentry, or welding—to earn a living, saying, "I will not return to the classroom, but I will learn a skill that helps my family."