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New research suggests that the geological processes that formed the Alps and Pyrenees may have naturally produced and trapped hydrogen gas, offering a potential low‑cost source for the emerging hydrogen economy.Plate Tectonic Simulations Identify Natural Hydrogen Hotspots in the Alps and PyreneesScientists modelled the uplift and erosion histories of three European mountain belts—the Alps, the Pyrenees and the Baetic range in southern Spain. The simulations showed that when deep mantle rocks are brought to the surface at a moderate rate, they react with infiltrating water to release hydrogen, which then accumulates in overlying porous rock layers.Key Quantitative Insights from the StudyBoth the Alps and Pyrenees emerged as strong natural hydrogen exploration sites.The Baetic range experienced faster uplift and erosion, limiting the time for significant hydrogen generation and reducing reservoir quality.The model identified an optimal uplift speed range that maximises hydrogen production while preserving porous storage layers.Why Natural Hydrogen Could Accelerate DecarbonisationIf these naturally occurring reservoirs can be tapped, they could supply cheap, low‑carbon hydrogen for sectors such as chemical production, shipping and steelmaking—areas where electrification is difficult. This would reduce reliance on energy‑intensive synthetic hydrogen production methods.Mapping the World’s Mountains for Hidden Hydrogen ReservesThe authors propose extending the same modelling approach to other orogenic belts worldwide, potentially uncovering additional low‑cost hydrogen sources that could help scale the global hydrogen economy.