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Opening the Cosmic ConversationThe Guardian’s Notes & Queries column poses a speculative yet culturally resonant question: “If an alien landed and asked you: ‘What is music?’ what would you play for them?” Readers are encouraged to submit answers, with a selection slated for publication next Sunday.The Prompt’s Structure and Publication NoteThe call‑out appears under the byline Heather, Kent and includes a direct email address ([email protected]) for submissions. A brief production note explains that a related question scheduled for 24 May was omitted due to an error.Why This Matters to Cultural EngagementIt leverages curiosity about extraterrestrial life to spark dialogue about the definition and universality of music.By inviting diverse public input, the piece gauges contemporary perceptions of music’s role in human identity.The format reinforces The Guardian’s tradition of interactive journalism, blending speculative thought with community participation.Potential Outcomes and Future InterestResponses will be curated for a Sunday feature, offering a snapshot of collective imagination at a time when space exploration remains a prominent public topic. The selected answers may influence future editorial pieces on art, science, and the intersection of the two.

Martin Parr—renowned for documenting the idiosyncratic corners of British life—was given a farewell as unconventional as his work. On 31 May 2026, the chapel at Woodlands Memorial Garden near Bristol hosted a colourful country‑fete celebration, complete with music from The Girl from Ipanema, bunting, and a bus that famously got stuck in the mud. The Fete‑Style Send‑off That Defied Funeral Norms The ceremony blended solemnity with the photographer’s trademark humour. Guests were served cling‑film‑wrapped sandwiches, cupcakes with tiny Union Jack flags, and a tombola of unwanted Christmas gifts—an homage to the annual auction the Parr family used to run. The event was organised with help from the Martin Parr Foundation and featured a collaborative food installation by Ellen Parr (the photographer’s daughter) and set‑designer Alice Hodge. Key Players and Personal Touches Grayson Perry – celebrated artist and longtime friend, described the service as “tasteful, pared‑back and very touching.” Sophie Green – photographer who documented the funeral, linking the occasion to her “Death Rituals” project. Helô Pinheiro – the original “Girl from Ipanema,” whose music featured in the playlist. Family – Susie Parr, Martin’s wife of 40 years, confirmed he would have wanted the ceremony photographed. Why Parr’s Funeral Resonates in the Photography Community Parr spent half a century turning the mundane into visual satire; his own send‑off mirrored that ethos. By inviting a photographer to capture the event, the family highlighted a long‑standing taboo—funeral photography—while honoring Parr’s fascination with death rituals, evident in his 1993 Indonesian funeral series and the 2013 Photographers’ Gallery exhibition. What This Means for Future Death‑Ritual Documentation Sophie Green’s involvement underscores a growing interest in recording funerary moments as cultural artifacts. She notes that, on average, she photographs five funerals a year, a figure that may rise as artists and families seek more personalized memorials. The blend of celebration and documentation at Parr’s funeral could inspire a new genre where mourning and festivity coexist, reshaping how societies view death. Looking Ahead: From Taboo to Tribute As the conversation around death becomes more open—accelerated by pandemic‑era restrictions—events like Parr’s funeral suggest a shift toward inclusive, creative rituals. Institutions such as the Martin Parr Foundation may increasingly support projects that capture these moments, offering both solace to grieving families and valuable visual records for future generations.

The Resurgence of Beatlemania The UK is currently experiencing a new wave of Beatlemania, reminiscent of the 1990s revival. This resurgence can be attributed to various factors, including the release of Paul McCartney's solo album 'The Boys of Dungeon Lane' and the announcement of four biopics dedicated to the band's members, set to release in 2028. The Upcoming Biopics Sam Mendes is directing the four biopics, each one focused on a different band member: Paul McCartney (played by Paul Mescal), John Lennon (played by Harris Dickinson), George Harrison (played by Joseph Quinn), and Ringo Starr (played by Barry Keoghan). This significant cultural event is expected to spark renewed conversations about the band's history, rivalries, and partnerships. The Cultural Impact The Beatles have occupied a unique place in the British cultural imagination for over 60 years. Their songs have soundtracked lives, while their friendships, breakups, and tragedies continue to captivate audiences. According to Ian Leslie, author of 'John and Paul: A Love Story in Songs', 'We're only just starting to come to terms with how big a cultural phenomenon they were.' The Future of Beatlemania The upcoming biopics and other Beatles-related projects, such as Christian Schwochow's BBC drama series 'Hamburg Days', are expected to further fuel the current wave of interest. As Simon Reynolds, a cultural critic, noted, 'The Beatles represent the greatest adventure that ever happened in pop music.' With the release of these films, it's likely that Beatlemania will reach new heights, making 2028 a significant cultural moment. The Drumbeat of Content The anticipation for the biopics has already generated significant buzz, with some fans and critics expressing excitement and others, like Pattie Boyd, George Harrison's ex-wife, voicing concerns about not being contacted by the filmmakers. As Ian Leslie noted, 'It'll be like a second wave of Beatlemania... It's absolutely crazy. Theyre a pop band that people were saying, in 1963, would be lucky to last a year. Now 60 years on they'll be the biggest cultural moment of the year. It'll be like Barbenheimer all over again.'

The Rise of Nigeria's Digital Herbal Marketplace In Abuja, Nigeria, Oke Bola thought a fertility supplement she found online might help her conceive. Instead, within days of taking it, she struggled to breathe. Her experience reflects a growing online trade in unverified herbal remedies promoted across social media platforms. Bola, who is in her early 40s and has never had children, bought the supplement earlier this year and increased the recommended dosage, hoping for quicker results after hearing about it from friends and family. "I recognised the symptoms of asthma; the wheezing sound at night was familiar," she told Al Jazeera. "When I checked online, I realised it could be from the herbal medication." Her experience is not isolated. Across Nigeria, doctors and pharmacists report a surge in social media-driven self-medication, particularly involving unverified herbal products. This trend is worsening health outcomes, delaying treatment, and adding pressure to an already strained healthcare system serving about 230 million people. Nigeria's young, hyperconnected population increasingly uses digital platforms for health information and advice. But that access has also created what Dr Isaac Kolawole and Dr Fidelis describe as an "algorithmic apothecary" – an unregulated online marketplace where influencers and anonymous sellers promote remedies directly to consumers with little or no scientific backing. Health Impacts of Unverified Herbal Remedies Within this ecosystem, herbal remedies, long part of Nigeria's medical and cultural landscape, are increasingly repackaged as miracle cures, sometimes with dangerous consequences. Doctors report more patients arriving at hospitals only when their conditions have significantly worsened, often after prolonged use of unverified treatments. A consultant nephrologist at the University College Hospital in Ibadan, Dr Yemi Raji, said herbal medicine continues to play a role in kidney disease cases in Nigeria. "When you take herbal medication, you are taking both the good and the bad," he said. "Patients often arrive late, when treatment is more difficult and expensive." Dialysis alone can cost between 50,000 and 100,000 naira ($36-72) per session, several times a week. Studies link herbal use to kidney and liver disease cases across Africa, including findings that about 46 percent of liver disease admissions in one Nigerian hospital involved herbs or roots. A 2022 study found that 76.65 percent of participants had used herbal medicine, with more than a third combining herbal and conventional treatments while 82.44 percent did not inform their doctors. The Algorithmic Amplification Effect On a smartphone screen, relief is just a click away: fertility tonics, eye drops promising restored vision, syrups claiming to "flush out" disease. The advertisements are polished, persuasive and constant, woven into TikTok, Facebook, Instagram and X feeds. "The platforms themselves amplify this effect," said Dr Egemba Chinonso Fidelis, a public health advocate known online as Aproko Doctor. "Their algorithms reward engaging content and push it to wider audiences." Even users who try to avoid such content often encounter it repeatedly, shaped by emotional storytelling, music and urgency-driven messaging. A 2025 Nigeria-based study on Jinja Herbal Mixture found it appeared safe for short-term use within tested dosage ranges, but researchers recorded biochemical changes at higher doses, including altered creatinine and sodium levels in test subjects, signs of possible kidney and liver stress. The study called for further research into long-term effects and interactions with conventional medicines. Regulatory Challenges in the Digital Age The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) says it is working to track unregistered manufacturers, but enforcement remains difficult, especially online. "With the sheer volume of products online, enforcement has limited reach," said Isaac Kolawole, the southwest zonal director of NAFDAC. Many sellers use fake or incomplete addresses, making them difficult to trace. NAFDAC requires strict registration, testing and approval before herbal products can be sold or advertised, but regulation has not kept pace with online commerce. Fidelis argued that stronger regulation alone is not enough. "If there are no consequences for lying about healthcare online, people will keep doing it," he said. He noted that scammers have even used AI-generated versions of his image to promote fake products. "Real medicine does not promise to cure everything, and it does not rely on countdowns," he added. "Scammers do." Path Forward for Safer Digital Health As Nigeria's digital economy expands, the intersection of technology and healthcare will only grow more complex. Fidelis stressed that access to affordable healthcare must improve, public trust must be rebuilt, and digital platforms must take responsibility for the health content they amplify. Pharmacist Akinade Akinlolu noted that while conditions like diabetes and hypertension can be managed, online claims often suggest cures. "Economic pressure is also pushing people towards cheaper or 'miracle' alternatives," he added. "Without stronger safeguards," Fidelis warned, "the algorithmic apothecary will continue to grow and put more people at risk." The challenge for Nigeria's healthcare system is to harness the power of digital platforms while ensuring they promote evidence-based care rather than potentially harmful alternatives.

Colin Matthews: A Life of Influence on UK Classical Music It's hard to think of a single figure who has been so influential on contemporary UK classical music for so long as Colin Matthews, who turned 80 earlier this year. This release from the Nash Ensemble, conducted by Jessica Cottis, showcases his works for voice and chamber group. The Kaleidoscopic Sound World of Seascapes What's striking throughout these four song cycles is the kaleidoscopic sound world he creates with such forensic precision, whether he has seven players to work with or 17. The songs teem with detail; some would almost work without the singer. And yet the vocal line remains the focus. Exploring the Album's Tracks The Island (2007), setting three poems by Rilke, was written for Claire Booth's cool-water soprano; she's also the soloist in Seascapes (2020) and A Land of Rain (2017), and sounds as vibrant as ever, even if occasionally the words get lost in the supple musical lines she is sculpting. In 2018's As Time Returns, it's the baritone Marcus Farnsworth who sings Ivan Blatný's poetry, with honeyed tone and disarming clarity. A Land of Rain: A Study in Interpretation The largest-scale work is A Land of Rain: 10 songs setting words by the poet Nicholas Moore, taken from the 31 different translations he made of a single Baudelaire poem (entries to a newspaper competition, submitted under 31 variously silly pseudonyms). Matthews's music, moving chameleon-like through different styles, brings them alive as a study in how words can be reinterpreted from a myriad of angles. The last song sets the French original – and as the musical strands finally coalesce, in almost Mahlerian style, it's as if all the other songs were a daydream. Listening to Seascapes Listen on Apple Music (above) or Spotify

Marilyn Monroe's Inner Circle Marilyn Monroe's life and legacy have been extensively documented, but her friendships with women are often overlooked. The article explores her relationships with those closest to her, revealing a more nuanced side to the iconic actress. Female Friendships Monroe had many female friends, including Amy Greene, the widow of photographer Milton Greene. Greene shared her home with Monroe for several years in the mid-1950s and remembers the scrutiny they faced: "Girlfriends would say, 'Are you out of your mind to have that woman in your house?' I'd say, 'What's wrong with you? There's nothing there. They're business partners!'" The Power of Platonic Relationships Monroe's friendships with women like Lauren Bacall and Betty Grable are well-documented, particularly in films like How to Marry a Millionaire and Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. Her relationship with Jane Russell, her co-star in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, was particularly significant, with Russell recalling a day at the beach with close female friends: "[We] had wine, music and more talk by the fire … I thought of Marilyn. I wished I had her phone number, because I knew she belonged there, where we were all laughing about our problems." Male Friends and Collaborators While Monroe's relationships with men like John F. Kennedy have been widely reported, her platonic friendships with men like photographer Lawrence Schiller were also important to her. Schiller worked with Monroe on a nude photoshoot, one of the most scandalous of her career. A More Nuanced Legacy The article highlights the complexity of Monroe's relationships and challenges the notion that she was solely a sex symbol. Her friendships with women, in particular, reveal a more vulnerable and human side to her personality.

The Lead: A Memoir Through Musical EvolutionJesse Bernard's 'Escaping Babylon' presents a unique blend of personal memoir and cultural history, chronicling the development of Black British music through the lens of his own experiences as a Black British man and music journalist. Published in 2026, the book arrives during a significant moment for Black British music, coinciding with the 30th anniversary of the MOBO Awards and the V&A; East exhibition 'The Music is Black: A British Story'.The Book's Structure: A Musical TapestryBernard structures his work like a mixtape, weaving together personal anecdotes, interviews with artists, and cultural analysis. Beginning in 1989—a landmark year for Black British music with Soul II Soul's rise to fame in America and Sade's global success—the book follows Bernard's journey from a schoolboy expelled for mischief to a music journalist exploring the depths of Black British musical heritage.Historical Roots: From Reggae to Modern GenresThe book establishes reggae as the foundational 'tree' from which all UK Black music branches grow, a concept articulated by former Saxon sound system emcee Tippa Irie. Bernard traces this evolution through various genres including UK funky, grime, jungle, and drill. He gives particular attention to the 1990s era, highlighting artists like Lynden David Hall and the importance of Trevor Nelson's MTV Base show 'The Lick' in shaping Black British musical identity.Cultural Challenges: The Modern Chitlin' CircuitOne of Bernard's key insights is his argument that Black British artists effectively operated their own version of the Chitlin' Circuit—a network of venues where African American artists were forced to perform during segregation. He recalls Dizzee Rascal's description of venues like Le Fez in Deptford and the Stratford Rex as places where artists could perform but struggled to make significant money, highlighting the economic challenges faced by Black musicians well into the 2000s.Legacy and Contemporary ContextWhile acknowledging the removal of Form 696—a venue-vetting document used by the Metropolitan Police to effectively ban Black music events in London—Bernard also points to ongoing challenges, including police monitoring of lyrics to identify artists as potential 'gang' members. The book maintains an intimate focus rather than examining broader external factors, reflecting its personal approach to history.The Future of Black British Music Documentation'Escaping Babylon' represents an important contribution to the documentation of Black British music at a time when its cultural significance is increasingly recognized. By blending personal narrative with cultural analysis, Bernard has created a multifaceted portrait of Black British musical evolution that complements other recent works like the V&A; exhibition. The book's mixtape-like structure, while occasionally leaving arguments underdeveloped, captures the fragmented yet interconnected nature of musical memory and cultural heritage.

Insider Trading Allegations Against a Google EngineerMichele Spagnuolo, a Google software engineer, has been charged with commodities fraud, wire fraud and money laundering for allegedly using confidential “Year in Search” data to place bets on the prediction‑market platform Polymarket.Financial Scale of the Alleged SchemeTotal bets placed: $2.75 millionProfits claimed: over $1.2 millionKey successful prediction: indie pop musician d4vd topping the most‑searched person listRepercussions for Google and Prediction MarketsGoogle says the conduct breaches company policy and has placed Spagnuolo on leave while cooperating with law enforcement. Polymarket highlighted its cooperation with the U.S. Attorney’s Office, noting it is the first platform to see insider‑trading charges in the United States.Regulatory and Legal OutlookU.S. Attorney Jay Clayton emphasized that corporate insiders cannot profit from confidential information, signaling continued aggressive prosecution. The case may prompt tighter internal data controls at tech firms and closer scrutiny of prediction‑market platforms.What Comes Next for the Industry?Analysts expect heightened compliance programs at large tech companies and possible legislative interest in regulating prediction markets to prevent similar abuses.

The Complete Entertainment LandscapeThis week offers a diverse range of entertainment options across cinema, music, art, and more. Whether you're looking to head out or stay in, there's something for every cultural enthusiast.New Cinema ReleasesBackrooms - Out now: This A24 horror film capitalizes on the internet phenomenon of Backrooms, featuring an infinite empty limbo where characters wander hoping not to encounter Entities. Starring Chiwetel Ejiofor, Renate Reinsve and Mark Duplass.Power Ballad - Out now: A feelgood drama about a wedding singer (Paul Rudd) who befriends a down-on-his-luck boyband star (Nick Jonas), leading to a hit single and subsequent resentment. Directed by John Carney.Tuner - Out now: A piano tuner with heightened hearing who also becomes a world-class safe cracker, leading to chaos. Stars Leo Woodall.Leonora in the Morning Light - Out now: A drama about surrealist painter Leonora Carrington, featuring encounters with Salvador Dalí, André Breton and Max Ernst. Based on the book by Elena Poniatowska.Live Music PerformancesCallum Au Big Band - Kings Place, London, 30 May: Composer-arranger and trombonist Callum Au showcases his mastery of styles from swing to salsa, funk and postbop jazz, launching his new album Sing Seven Seas.Twice - The O2, London, 3 & 4 June: The nine-piece K-pop girlband's world tour in support of their album "This Is For" features their shiny, genre-hopping discography plus solo work.Lany - 2 to 6 June; tour starts Glasgow: The LA soft-rock duo celebrates their discography with lyrically introspective songs like Super Far and Malibu Nights.Handel's Orlando - Longborough Festival Opera, Moreton-in-Marsh, 30 May to 7 June: The festival kicks off with Handel's chivalric tale directed by Sinéad O'Neill, featuring rising stars and the Academy of Ancient Music.Art ExhibitionsCamille Henrot - The Perimeter, London to 25 July: This French artist's exhibition focuses on her drawings, known for being dense, complex, and hyper-conceptual.