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Environment Jun 02, 2026

From Barren Shores to Green Oases: How a Surfer's Quest for Shade Transformed Costa Rica's Coastline

Costas Verdes, a Costa Rican nonprofit founded by surfer Max Tattenbach, has transformed deforested…
The Lead Pointing to a photograph of dry brown long grass hugging the shoreline, Gerardo Bolaños stands in front of a green oasis of seedlings and trees potted in black plastic bags. "This is what Playa Guiones looked like when we started in 2011," says the executive director of Costas Verdes, a Costa Rican nonprofit. The Coastal Transformation As howler monkeys growl in the background, Bolaños points to the picture next to it – an image of the same patch of land but with scores of flourishing, lush green trees. Today, he says, this is how the beach looks. The reason for the stark difference, says Bolaños, a straight-talking man with a coloured tattoo of the turquoise-browed motmot bird on his left arm, is a sustained tree-planting programme that Costas Verdes started in 2011. The Roots of Reforestation Costas Verdes was founded by then Costa Rican university student Max Tattenbach in 2009. A keen surfer, he wanted to restore the shoreline at his favourite surf spot, Playa Hermosa. "Playa Hermosa is about 6km [3.5 miles] of beach, and it only had one [area of] shade along the entire beach," says Tattenbach. "I used to go surfing there and take my then girlfriend and now wife. She didn't surf and liked to read and chill on the beach, but Playa Hermosa had no shade, so she didn't like going, and it started to become an issue. I promised her I would reforest Playa Hermosa so we could enjoy the beach." The Environmental Impact The project has transformed deforested Pacific coastlines into thriving ecosystems through a community-driven environmental project that has planted more than 100,000 native trees across 34 beaches, reviving wildlife habitats and combating decades of deforestation from cattle farming. Walk along the seafront in Nosara, over 100km further down the coast from Hermosa, and the plan appears to have paid off, with thousands of trees such as tropical almond trees, madero negro (Gliricidia sepium) and frangipani lining the trails and offering shade to beachgoers, creating a thriving ecosystem for wildlife. The Historical Context of Deforestation Bolaños, who joined the organisation as a volunteer in 2011, became project director three years later and executive director in 2024, says deforestation has changed the area's landscape. "Last century, we had great coastal forests all along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica," he says. Bolaños estimates that between the 1940s and 1970s, Costa Rica lost 70% of its forest cover, including along the Pacific coast. He puts this down to a boom in livestock farming. "Farmers burned the ecosystems and grew grass to feed the cattle. It was extremely aggressive, poorly planned," he says. "The beachfronts were devastated by cattle farming." The Future of Coastal Restoration What began as a personal quest for shade has evolved into a community-driven environmental movement with significant implications for coastal conservation. The success of Costas Verdes demonstrates how small-scale, community-led initiatives can have a substantial impact on environmental restoration, offering a model for other regions facing similar deforestation challenges. As climate change continues to threaten coastal ecosystems worldwide, the reforestation efforts in Costa Rica provide a hopeful example of how human intervention can help restore natural habitats and build resilience against environmental degradation.
#Costas Verdes #Max Tattenbach #Costa Rica
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Politics Jun 02, 2026

The Urgent Need for a Political Settlement in Somalia

As Somalia faces mounting internal pressures and security challenges, securing a comprehensive poli…
The Critical Juncture in Somalia's State-Building ProcessThe assertion that Somalia requires an immediate political settlement underscores a critical reality for the Horn of Africa. Without a foundational agreement among its diverse political entities, the nation risks sliding back into systemic fragmentation. A comprehensive political settlement is not merely a diplomatic goal; it is a vital prerequisite for long-term stability, economic recovery, and national survival.The Core Drivers of Political InstabilityAt the heart of Somalia's political deadlock is the ongoing tension between the Federal Government of Somalia and its regional member states. Disagreements over resource allocation, constitutional reforms, and the division of power have repeatedly derailed progress. Key friction points include:Electoral Systems: Deep-rooted disputes over the transition from clan-based indirect voting models to a universal suffrage system.Resource Sharing: Contentious debates over the centralized control of ports, airports, and future natural resource revenues.Security Architecture: The lack of a unified command structure and integration of regional and national security forces.The Human and Economic Cost of StalemateThe absence of a robust political settlement carries severe socioeconomic consequences. Prolonged political uncertainty hampers foreign direct investment, disrupts critical humanitarian aid delivery, and exacerbates poverty levels. Furthermore, a divided political landscape severely weakens the state's capacity to combat the ongoing insurgency by Al-Shabaab, allowing militant groups to exploit security vacuums and capitalize on public grievances against the political elite.Regional Security and Geopolitical RamificationsSomalia's political trajectory has profound implications far beyond its borders. A collapse of governance in Mogadishu threatens to trigger mass displacement and destabilize neighboring countries within the Horn of Africa. Additionally, internal fragmentation invites greater external interference from regional and international actors, complicating the geopolitical landscape and potentially turning Somalia into a theater for proxy conflicts.Navigating the Path to Sustainable GovernanceLooking ahead, the window for securing a viable political settlement is rapidly closing. The federal government and regional leaders must prioritize inclusive dialogue over unilateral action. Implementing a transparent, mutually agreed-upon constitutional framework and electoral model is the only sustainable path forward. If a broad political consensus is not reached promptly, the international community's confidence in Somalia's state-building project will inevitably wane, leaving the nation vulnerable to renewed conflict.
#Somalia #Political Settlement #Horn of Africa
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Politics Jun 02, 2026

Kenyan High Court Orders Government to Disclose US Ebola Facility Details

Kenya's High Court has ordered the government to disclose details of a proposed US-linked Ebola qua…
The Lead: Court Intervention Amid Public OutcryKenya's High Court has intervened in the controversy surrounding a proposed United States-linked Ebola quarantine facility, ordering the government to disclose all details about the project. This decision comes a day after hundreds of people protested in the central town of Nanyuki, with reports indicating that two individuals died from gunshot wounds during the unrest.The court's ruling represents a significant development in a situation that has escalated from public protest to legal challenge, reflecting growing concerns about transparency and public health safety in the planned facility.The Court Order: Demanding TransparencyThe High Court extended conservatory orders that effectively stop the establishment of any Ebola quarantine, isolation or treatment facility in Kenya. The court also barred the admission of individuals exposed to the virus to the country.Crucially, the judges ordered the cabinet secretary for health to make public the agreement details, health and biosafety assessments, regulatory approvals, and operational protocols related to the facility. This comprehensive disclosure requirement aims to address concerns about the transparency of the US-Kenya agreement.This legal action follows an earlier court order from Friday that had temporarily suspended the plan after a lawsuit was brought arguing that the site could endanger public health.The Public Response: Violent ProtestsThe controversy has sparked significant public backlash, with hundreds of Kenyans taking to the streets in Nanyuki to protest against the planned facility. The protests turned violent, resulting in two fatalities from gunshot wounds, according to protest organizer Patrick Wahome and a security source cited by Reuters.The main petitioner in the court case, the Katiba Institute, has consistently argued that the plan poses grave risks to public health. During the hearing, the institute emphasized that the deal between the US and Kenya lacks transparency. They were joined in their opposition by the Law Society of Kenya and the main doctors' union, all calling for rejection of the facility.Government Position: Defending the FacilityDespite the court orders and public protests, Kenya's government has pledged to proceed with plans to establish the facility. Health Minister Aden Duale defended the project as part of a broader effort to strengthen emergency response systems in the country.President William Ruto also came out in defense of the facility, speaking about it for the first time. He characterized it as part of a wider national preparedness plan and a long-standing health partnership with Washington. Ruto explained that he approved the facility after US President Donald Trump requested Kenya's support, citing decades of cooperation on health programs including HIV/AIDS, Ebola, and COVID-19.The president emphasized that similar facilities already exist across Kenya and that the Laikipia Air Base facility would serve both Kenyans and foreign partners, including Americans, if needed. Ruto also highlighted that Kenya has prepared isolation, surveillance, and treatment facilities in 23 counties as part of its preparedness.Regional Context: Ebola Outbreak in Neighboring CountriesThe debate over the quarantine facility occurs against the backdrop of a significant Ebola outbreak in neighboring countries. The Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda are battling the rare Bundibugyo strain of the Ebola virus, which has so far killed 48 people.The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared this outbreak a public health emergency of international concern. The outbreak is reportedly outpacing the global response, which got off to a late start, adding urgency to regional preparedness measures.This regional context helps explain why Kenya and the US are moving forward with plans for the quarantine facility, despite domestic opposition.Future Implications: Path Forward for the FacilityWith the court demanding full disclosure of the agreement details, the immediate future of the Ebola quarantine facility remains uncertain. The government will need to provide comprehensive information about the facility's operations, safety measures, and risk mitigation strategies.The opposition groups, including the Katiba Institute, medical professionals, and legal organizations, will likely scrutinize this information closely for any potential gaps or risks to public health.Meanwhile, the regional Ebola outbreak continues to pose a threat, creating a complex situation where public health concerns must be balanced with transparency and public trust. The outcome of this legal and political battle may set precedents for how similar facilities are established and regulated in the future.
#Kenya #Ebola #High Court
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Sports Jun 02, 2026

London City Lionesses Poised to Land Mary Earps and Mapi León in Trophy‑Driven Push

London City Lionesses are set to sign England goalkeeper Mary Earps and Barcelona defender Mapi Leó…
London City Lionesses are on the verge of securing two of the WSL’s most celebrated players – England goalkeeper Mary Earps and Barcelona defender Mapi León – on free transfers once their contracts expire at the end of June 2026. The moves are part of owner Michele Kang's strategy to blend on‑field quality with off‑field marketability.Free‑Transfer Targets: Earps and León Set to Join After JuneThe Guardian reports that agreements have been reached for both players to sign with London City when their current deals conclude. Earps, 33, returns from Paris Saint‑Germain after two seasons, while León, 31, will leave Barcelona after nine years.Financial Implications of Zero‑Fee Signings for a Growing ClubBoth contracts are free transfers – no transfer fee payable.Earps brings a 2022‑23 WSL Golden Glove and a Women’s FA Cup win (2024).León is a four‑time UEFA Women’s Champions League winner.Potential salary commitments are offset by anticipated rise in ticket sales and sponsorship.Strategic Impact on WSL Competition and Fan GrowthThe acquisitions aim to elevate London City’s on‑field performance and attract a broader fanbase. Earps’ popularity in England and León’s reputation for ball‑playing defending align with the club’s vision of an attractive playing style.What the New Arrivals Signal for London City’s FutureAnalysts expect the signings to push the Lionesses into the top tier of the league, challenge for domestic trophies, and increase commercial revenue. Success could also set a precedent for other independent clubs to pursue high‑profile free agents.
#London City Lionesses #Mary Earps #Mapi León
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Business Jun 02, 2026

Alphabet's $80B Equity Raise Signals a Capital-Hungry Phase in the AI Arms Race

Alphabet is raising up to $80 billion in equity, including a $10 billion investment from Berkshire …
Alphabet, the parent company of Google, has announced plans to raise up to $80 billion (£59 billion) in equity to finance its aggressive artificial intelligence infrastructure expansion. This monumental fundraising effort underscores the sheer scale of capital required to compete in the modern AI landscape and sets the stage for a transformative year in tech finance.Alphabet's Mega-Equity Raise and the Berkshire Hathaway BetThe fundraising initiative includes a notable $10 billion share sale to Berkshire Hathaway, the investment conglomerate long associated with the retired investment guru Warren Buffett. Historically, Berkshire has stepped in to provide crucial liquidity during pivotal market moments, such as the famous $5 billion investment in Goldman Sachs during the 2008 financial crisis. Alphabet stated the fresh capital will directly support its world-class AI compute infrastructure to meet unprecedented customer demand for its Gemini system and enterprise cloud services.Decoding the $80 Billion Capital DeploymentWhile the headline figure is staggering, the deployment strategy reveals a nuanced financial approach. The $80 billion package is structured to address both operational expansion and internal financial mechanics:$40 billion is explicitly dedicated to scaling AI infrastructure and global compute capacity.$40 billion is allocated to cover an administrative change regarding tax obligations for the vesting of employee equity awards.The raise features an initial $30 billion paired with the $10 billion from Berkshire, alongside a flexible $40 billion drip-feed mechanism to be used gradually over time.Although $80 billion represents one of the largest equity fundraisings globally, it amounts to less than 2% of Alphabet's massive $4.6 trillion market capitalization. This year alone, the company's total capital expenditure is expected to reach between $180 billion and $190 billion.The Shift from Capital-Light Tech to Infrastructure HeavyweightsThis move serves as a stark reminder to Wall Street that the era of tech giants operating as capital-light free cash flow machines is fading. Market strategists at Deutsche Bank note that funding the AI capital expenditure boom is becoming a central, pressing topic for global markets. However, analysts at Hargreaves Lansdown emphasize that Alphabet is spending from a position of strength rather than distress. With Google Cloud growth accelerating, search proving resilient, and AI compute demand vastly outstripping current supply, Alphabet's investment is backed by tangible business momentum.The Looming AI IPO Wave and Market ExpectationsAlphabet's aggressive capital raise precedes a highly anticipated wave of AI-driven public offerings. Anthropic, the creator of the Claude chatbot and currently the world's most valuable startup at a $965 billion valuation, has confidentially filed for an initial public offering. Furthermore, industry heavyweights like OpenAI and Elon Musk's SpaceX (which includes the xAI startup) are also preparing to go public. As these industry titans enter the public markets, investors will increasingly demand concrete proof that massive data center buildouts will translate into durable, long-term revenue growth.
#Alphabet #Berkshire Hathaway #Artificial Intelligence
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Sports Jun 02, 2026

Nigerian Drifters Construct Local Track with Sights Set on Formula One

A community of dedicated drifters in Nigeria is taking grassroots motorsport into their own hands b…
Grassroots Engineering: Paving the Way for Nigerian MotorsportIn a remarkable display of passion and initiative, a community of drifters in Nigeria has taken the ambitious step of constructing their own racing track. Faced with a lack of formal venues, these motorsport enthusiasts have transformed raw land into a functional circuit. This grassroots effort is not just about creating a space for local drifting; it represents a deep-seated ambition to elevate the profile of Nigerian motorsport on a global scale.The Infrastructure Gap in African RacingThe necessity for the drifters to build their own track underscores a significant reality in African motorsport: a severe lack of infrastructure. While regions like Europe and Asia boast numerous world-class facilities, aspiring racers in West Africa often have to rely on improvised spaces or abandoned roads. By constructing this track, the community is attempting to bridge this infrastructural divide, providing a safe and dedicated environment for the sport to grow.Primary Challenge: Severe lack of formal, paved racing circuits in the region.Community Action: Local drifters self-funding and building a track from the ground up.Ultimate Goal: Establishing a foundation that could eventually nurture Formula One talent.From Local Dirt to Global AspirationsThe driving force behind this labor of love is a dream that seems lightyears away for many: competing in Formula One. The journey from a locally built drift track to the pinnacle of global motorsport is historically unprecedented, yet it serves as a powerful motivational tool for the youth involved. It highlights a shift in mindset, where local racers are no longer content with just participating locally but are visualizing themselves in the highest echelons of international racing.The Economic and Cultural RoadblocksDespite the enthusiasm, the path forward is fraught with challenges. Motorsport is inherently capital-intensive. The costs associated with vehicle maintenance, safety equipment, and track certification are substantial. Furthermore, without major corporate sponsorships or government backing, sustaining the track and upgrading it to international standards will require significant financial innovation and community support.The Future of African Representation in Global MotorsportWhile an immediate leap to Formula One remains a long-term aspiration, the immediate impact of this project is the formalization of a local racing culture. If this track can host regional events and attract sponsorships, it could serve as a blueprint for other African nations. The initiative proves that the appetite for motorsport in Nigeria is strong enough to build foundations from the ground up, potentially paving the way for the continent's next generation of racing talent.
#Nigeria #Motorsport #Formula One
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Lifestyle Jun 02, 2026

The Death of Deep Reading: How Digital Fatigue is Ruining Classic Literature

A lifelong reader's attempt to conquer The Guardian's 100 best novels list reveals a modern struggl…
The Lead: A Modern Struggle with Classic LiteratureIn an era dominated by rapid-fire digital consumption, engaging with dense, classic literature has become an uphill battle. A recent reflection by a lifelong reader highlights a growing cultural phenomenon: despite a deep personal history with the classics, the modern brain—conditioned by screens and constant notifications—is struggling to process long-form, complex narratives.The Battle Against the Victorian BlockbusterSparked by The Guardian's list of the 100 best novels, the author attempted to rekindle his youth by diving into chunky Victorian classics. However, the attempt was met with frustration rather than nostalgia. The books that once captivated him now felt impenetrable.The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman by Laurence Sterne: Found to be verbose and infuriatingly digressive.Dracula by Bram Stoker: Entertaining initially, but ultimately derailed by the absurdity of its epistolary format and moralizing characters like Van Helsing.Our Mutual Friend by Charles Dickens: Despite a previous love for Dickens' pacing and humor, the 900-page narrative felt too heavy, leading to a loss of concentration and the urge to check football scores instead.The 15-Second Attention EconomyThis personal struggle is backed by alarming data regarding how we consume information today. The transition from the linear, monologic page to dynamic, ad-cluttered screens has fundamentally altered human cognition.Research by psychologist Gloria Mark indicates that screens compel us to constantly switch our attention toward new, shiny stimuli rather than focusing on content.Data from Chartbeat reveals a stark reality: one in three online readers spend less than 15 seconds on any given article.The Rise of Text Fatigue in the WorkplaceThe shift in reading habits is not merely a failure of willpower; it is a symptom of occupational and technological exhaustion. As more professionals occupy managerial roles, their days are spent drowning in emails, instant messages, and digital work tasks. According to University of Oxford professor Kate McLoughlin, while people are reading more than ever—consuming social media posts, blogs, and AI utterances—they are reading fewer books. This constant, shallow skimming has led to widespread text fatigue.Reclaiming the Page in a Screen-Dominated FutureIf three classic novels in a row end up abandoned, the issue is systemic rather than a flaw in the literature. The modern environment actively discourages the deep, sustained focus required by authors like George Eliot or Herman Melville. Moving forward, readers will need to be far more intentional about their media diets. Relearning how to read may require deliberate digital detoxes to rebuild the atrophied muscles of deep concentration, ensuring that the rich, complex works of the past do not become inaccessible artifacts of a bygone era.
#Deep Reading #Digital Fatigue #Classic Literature
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Entertainment Jun 02, 2026

Apple TV's Cape Fear: Amy Adams and Javier Bardem Redefine the Psychological Thriller

Apple TV+ revives the classic thriller Cape Fear as a 10-episode series, executive produced by Mart…
The Return to the Cape Fear UniverseThe classic revenge thriller Cape Fear has been resurrected for the modern streaming era, premiering on Apple TV+ on June 5. Executive produced by cinematic legends Martin Scorsese and Steven Spielberg, the new series transforms the traditionally compact cinematic thriller into a sprawling, 10-episode psychological drama.The Evolution of Max Cady and Anna BowdenRather than a direct remake of the 1991 or 1962 films, this adaptation introduces a crucial gender-swapped dynamic. The protagonist is now Anna Bowden, an affluent lawyer played by Amy Adams, who buried exonerating evidence 17 years ago to ensure a conviction. Her adversary, Max Cady, is brought to life by Javier Bardem.Character Dynamics: Adams delivers a nuanced performance fueled by repressed aggression, while Bardem's Cady blends granite ferocity with mercurial ambiguity.Narrative Depth: The series explores whether Cady is still a victim or the ultimate villain, shifting the focus to modern themes of generational trauma and political expedience.Modern Twists: The expanded format introduces new characters and technological elements, including a mysterious hooded woman in a Covid mask, updating the gaslight-era dread for contemporary audiences.The Shift from Cinema to Prestige TelevisionThe transition of Cape Fear from a feature film to a 10-hour television event highlights a broader industry trend. As theatrical investments for original adult dramas dry up, streaming giants like Apple are stepping in to fund prestige projects that legendary filmmakers like Scorsese struggle to get off the ground in Hollywood.While stretching a traditionally tight, biblical narrative over ten episodes risks diluting the tension that defined the original films, the creative team uses the extra runtime to build a deeply psychological play. The series acts as a dark satire on the frailty of comfortable western lives and the blood upon which they are built.The Future of Legacy IP RevivalsThis adaptation signals that successful IP recycling requires more than just a visual update; it demands a fundamental structural shift in perspective. By changing the gender of the lawyer and exploring the murky ethics of the justice system, the series taps into contemporary anxieties about insidious celebrity, reputation destruction, and powerlessness.If this series succeeds, it will validate the streaming model's approach to legacy cinema: utilizing massive budgets and top-tier talent to transform classic, high-tension films into long-form, character-driven television serials.
#Apple TV #Cape Fear #Amy Adams
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Entertainment Jun 02, 2026

George Michael's Complex Legacy Explored in New Critical Biography

Sathnam Sanghera's new book 'Tonight the Music Seems So Loud' offers a critical examination of Geor…
A Critical Portrait of George MichaelIn 1998, George Michael was arrested for public lewdness in an LA lavatory, an incident that finally led the singer to publicly come out. The following day, Sathnam Sanghera found himself unable to leave his room at university: the doorway had been mockingly plastered with tabloid newspaper headlines – "ZIP ME UP BEFORE YOU GO-GO!" – by fellow students aware of his longstanding fandom. As a writer, Sanghera is best known for a series of award-winning books on the British empire, which he calls his "specialist subject". Judging by Tonight the Music Seems So Loud – not a biography so much as a miscellany, a set of themed essays that tend to digress in all kinds of intriguing directions – the life and work of one Georgios Panayiotou runs imperialism and its legacy a very close second.The Complex Legacy of a Pop IconIt is an unashamedly partisan book, although not an uncritical one. Sanghera is as alive to Michael's personal and professional failings (whether the naffness of some of his early work as one half of Wham! or his high-handed treatment of the duo's other half, Andrew Ridgeley) as he is in love with his artistic triumphs. These, of course, range from Careless Whisper and Wham!'s annually inescapable Last Christmas to the 1996 solo masterpiece Older, a peculiar and peculiarly effective cocktail of raw grief at the Aids-related death of his lover Anselmo Feleppa and unrepentant horniness.The Evolution of Critical ReceptionSanghera's love for his subject is evidently sharpened by the opprobrium of others. Indeed if the book has a flaw, it's that the author is old enough to remember an era when George Michael was deemed insufferably uncool by some arbiters of taste (incredibly, when Wham! performed at a 1984 benefit show for striking miners, the only mainstream pop act to show support for the cause, they were received stone-faced by the audience and savaged by the music press for their trouble), and thus has a tendency to underestimate how much both he and his music have been critically re-evaluated in the 21st century.The Artistic Journey of George MichaelHe says one of the spurs to write the book was his belief that "most truly popular music is not generally deemed worthy of serious analysis and George Michael's music most certainly is not". That might have been true once, but certainly not of late: when he died, this newspaper alone ran six features by critics analysing different aspects of his music. "He sang so exquisitely about the marrow of life, about the vital, corporeal things", wrote one, which definitely doesn't amount to taking George Michael insufficiently seriously.double quotation markEven as he skinned up in front of journalists and discussed his drug use and sex life, he was concealing the extent of the addictions that eventually killed himFamily Background and Cultural IdentitySanghera is very good on the climate of homophobia in the 80s, which might have given any gay public figure serious qualms about coming out, and fascinating on Michael's family background: how growing up embedded in north London's Greek Cypriot community impacted on everything from Wham!'s image – not camp, Sanghera suggests, but "the vision of two children of immigrants imagining a kind of glamour they had not actually experienced before" – to his work ethic and control freakery. His dad made good in England by working exceptionally hard, running such a tight ship at his restaurant that he summarily fired his only son for messing up the drinks orders. The fact that the same son went on to hire 12 different saxophonists before finding one that could play the solo on Careless Whisper to his satisfaction doesn't come as a huge surprise.The Perfectionist and Contradictory ArtistThis my-way-or-the-highway perfectionism could yield hugely impressive results – Careless Whisper's sax hook may well be the most famous in pop history – but it could equally lead to intransigence and self-sabotage. Michael worked incredibly hard to transform himself from a member of a teen pop band into a more adult-facing solo artist, but having sold a staggering 25m copies of his 1987 solo debut Faith, he refused to promote its follow-up Listen Without Prejudice Vol. 1, or even make videos for its singles: a better album than its predecessor, it achieved only a fraction of its sales as a result. It was evidence of a deeply contradictory nature that occasionally has Sanghera throwing up his hands in bewilderment.The Public and Private Faces of George MichaelMichael was a polymath, keen to be duly credited as the sole singer, writer, producer and musician on a succession of tracks, but also had a weird habit of talking down his abilities, claiming he couldn't play instruments he was perfectly capable of playing. He was a Stakhanovite who increasingly worked at an agonisingly glacial pace, endlessly fussing over details, a state of affairs not much helped by his gargantuan appetite for marijuana: coupled with bouts of writers' block, it meant he released only six albums of original material in a career that lasted 34 years. He was a Labour voter, booster of the NHS and famously generous philanthropist who also engaged in tax avoidance. After being publicly outed, he became a notoriously frank interviewee ("as if nothing can embarrass him anymore" the Guardian's Simon Hattenstone suggested when he met him in 2009). But even as he skinned up in front of journalists and freely discussed his drug use and sex life, he was concealing the extent of the addictions that eventually killed him.The Decline and Final YearsMichael emerges as a messy, unpredictable but ultimately hugely likable figure, which makes the essay about his demise particularly tough reading. Listed starkly on the page, the facts of his final 10 years make it obvious that he was a deeply unwell man whose life had spun wildly out of control: drug busts, medical emergencies, visits to rehab, rumours of breakdowns and suicide bids and seven incidents in which he either crashed his car or was found comatose at the wheel.The Professional Mask of Personal StruggleThat it somehow didn't appear obvious at the time – that his death at 53 felt like a shock rather than a grim inevitability – seems remarkable, but as Sanghera points out, Michael's professionalism did a lot to paper over the cracks. He was always available to the media and always smart, funny and self-effacing: to use a modern turn of phrase, he controlled the narrative. He was punctilious about his appearance – the star certainly never looked like an ailing drug addict – and unfailingly superb onstage.The Hidden Realities Behind the FameBehind the scenes, it was a different story. He struggled to make new music: at one juncture he booked six months of recording sessions but never turned up to the studio once. His once-acute commercial instincts seemed to desert him: even Sanghera can't muster much enthusiasm for the handful of still-unreleased songs he completed in his final years. He cut off close friends and family who tried to intervene. No one who knew him seems to have been particularly surprised by his death: the list of adjectives used to describe him on his official website now includes not just "icon" "legend" "soul singer" and "philanthropist" but "addict" "repeat offender" and "depressive".An Imagined Alternative LegacyAs the book draws to a close, Sanghera offers a heartbreaking alternative history. He imagines Michael conquering his addictions, coming to a complete accommodation with his musical past (to the end of his life, he was dismissive of Wham!, describing their oeuvre as an exercise in "ignoring my own intelligence" and declining to play most of their hits live) and headlining Glastonbury, "getting pleasure from the audience reaction to Club Tropicana".The Enduring Power of George Michael's MusicIt's affecting because you can imagine it so vividly: the endless succession of hits that anyone with even a passing interest in pop music knows, the pandemonium in the crowd when he breaks out Careless Whisper, the encore of Freedom '90. You don't have to be a fan on Sanghera's level to understand what a triumph it would have been. Tonight the Music Seems So Loud: The Meaning of George Michael by Sathnam Sanghera is published by Picador (£22). To support the Guardian, buy a copy at guardianbookshop.com. Delivery charges may apply.
#George Michael #Sathnam Sanghera #Wham!
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