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A remarkable cactus species in eastern Brazil has evolved a unique method to attract bats for pollination. Coleocephalocereus goebelianus grows a fuzzy structure, known as a cephalium, near its flowers. This unusual body part acts as an acoustic beacon, focusing the high-pitched squeaks made by bats and helping them navigate towards the flower.Bats use echolocation to navigate and find objects in the dark by emitting high-frequency sounds, which are beyond human hearing. The cephalium's dense structure may also help reduce background noise, making the bats' echolocation clearer.The cactus's tall stature above surrounding plants amplifies its acoustics, making it easier for bats to locate the flower. This adaptation is crucial for the cactus's pollination, as it blooms at night and relies on bats as pollinators.Similar adaptations can be seen in carnivorous pitcher plants, which use curved dish-like openings to reflect bat calls and help them find the pitchers. In these cases, the bats roost inside the pitchers, and their dung fertilizes the plant.This unique evolutionary strategy highlights the fascinating ways in which plants have adapted to their environments to ensure pollination and survival.

Iran has strongly condemned YouTube's decision to ban a pro-Iranian group, Explosive Media, which creates Lego-style artificial intelligence videos. The group was suspended for allegedly posting 'violent content', specifically a video mocking US President Donald Trump and declaring 'Iran won' after a recent ceasefire agreement. The ban has sparked outrage from Iran's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, with spokesman Esmaeil Baghaei accusing YouTube of trying to suppress the truth about the US-Israel war on Iran. Baghaei questioned the ban, highlighting that YouTube hosts content from major animation studios like Pixar, DreamWorks Animation, and The Walt Disney Company. Explosive Media's videos often use US popular culture to portray Trump as isolated and prone to childish tantrums. One video depicted Trump with an oversized yellow head and a flaming backside, holding a sign that read: 'VICTORY! I am a loser'. The group describes itself as independent but is widely suspected of having ties to the Iranian government. The ban has been seen as an attempt to shield the American administration's false narrative from competing voices. Iran's Foreign Ministry has expressed concern that such actions could limit the free flow of information and perspectives on the ongoing conflict.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) has sharply cut its forecasts for global oil supply and demand growth, citing disruptions caused by the US-Israel war on Iran that are impacting oil flows and weighing on the global economy.According to the IEA's report, global oil demand is expected to fall by 80,000 barrels per day (bpd) this year, a significant drop from the projected year-on-year rise of 640,000 bpd in its previous monthly report.The forecast comes after the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and IEA urged countries to avoid hoarding energy supplies and imposing export controls that could exacerbate the shock. IEA chief Fatih Birol appealed to all countries to let energy stocks flow to the markets, warning that demand destruction will spread as scarcity and higher prices persist.The IEA report highlighted that the deepest cuts in oil consumption have come from the Middle East and Asia Pacific, particularly for naphtha, LPG, and jet fuel. A projected 1.5 million bpd drop in demand in the second quarter of this year would mark the deepest contraction since the COVID-19 pandemic.The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) also lowered its prediction for world oil demand in the second quarter, but kept its full-year outlook unchanged. The IEA noted that attacks on energy infrastructure in the Middle East and Iran's closure of the Strait of Hormuz have led to the largest oil supply disruption in history, with 10.1 million bpd lost in March.Iran's de facto control over the Strait of Hormuz, a key route for global energy shipments, sent gas and petrol prices skyrocketing around the world. The US blockade on Iranian ports has further clouded the outlook for global energy security and the supply of goods that rely on petroleum.The IEA warned that oil demand could plunge even further if the strait remains closed, and emphasized that resuming flows through the Strait of Hormuz remains the single most important variable in easing pressure on energy supplies, prices, and the global economy.Meanwhile, Russia has benefited from the disruptions, with its revenues from crude oil and refined products rising in March due to the surge in prices. Moscow's crude oil exports rose by 270,000 bpd last month to 4.6 million bpd, driven by higher seaborne shipments.

President Gustavo Petro publicly defended the latest wave of cocaine seizures in Colombia, describing them as a historic achievement for the nation’s anti‑drug campaign. While lauding the scale of the operation, Petro warned that the results are still insufficient to stem the flow of narcotics and urged continued vigilance and resources for law‑enforcement agencies.

Sergey Lavrov touched down in Beijing as Washington intensified its pressure on Iran by attempting to block the Strait of Hormuz, a waterway that carries roughly one‑third of China’s oil imports. The Russian foreign minister was greeted with a red‑carpet reception, according to photos released by Russia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Both Beijing and Moscow condemned the United States and Israel over their involvement in the ongoing war on Iran, noting that the conflict has already strained China’s energy supplies. China, a major purchaser of Iranian crude, denounced a newly announced U.S. plan to prohibit vessels from entering or leaving Iranian ports and coastal waters, calling the measure an unjustified interference with international trade. “The Strait of Hormuz is a vital international trade route for goods and energy, and its security and uninterrupted flow serve the common interest of the global community,” Chinese MFA spokesman Guo Jiakun said on Monday. According to Al Jazeera’s Alan Fisher, the U.S. hopes that by choking Iran’s trade it can force China to pressure Tehran into returning to negotiations, given that Beijing imports about a third of its oil from Iran. Lavrov also held a telephone conversation with Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, emphasizing the need to prevent any resurgence of hostilities in the Middle East and reiterating Russia’s “unwavering readiness” to assist in a diplomatic settlement. Araghchi relayed details of recent U.S.–Iran talks in Pakistan, which ended without a breakthrough, underscoring the limited diplomatic progress on the issue. The visit comes as China‑Russia relations have deepened since Russia’s full‑scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Earlier in the week, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi spoke with Lavrov, agreeing that the two capitals would cooperate to de‑escalate tensions in the region. Beijing’s diplomatic calendar this week also featured meetings with Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez, United Arab Emirates President Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, and an upcoming visit by Vietnamese President To Lam, highlighting China’s active role in global diplomacy despite its low‑profile stance on the Iran conflict. Analysts note that China’s restrained approach allows it to position itself as a “reliable, stable and predictable partner” for states seeking alternatives to U.S. influence, especially given its extensive trade ties with Tehran. Former U.S. President Donald Trump, slated to visit Beijing next month, warned he would impose a 50 percent tariff on Chinese goods if China provides military assistance to Iran. The claim followed a CNN report citing U.S. intelligence that China might deliver new air‑defence systems to Tehran. Chinese officials dismissed the report as “completely fabricated” and warned of “resolute counter‑measures” should the United States use it as a pretext for additional tariffs.

Washington has activated a naval blockade of Iran’s principal ports, marking the first large‑scale maritime restriction since the 2015 nuclear accord. The move, aimed at pressuring Tehran over regional activities, has raised concerns among shipping firms about disruptions to the vital Strait of Hormuz, through which roughly 20% of global oil shipments pass. Amid the escalation, President Donald Trump asserted that Iran wants a deal ‘very badly’ and that diplomatic avenues remain open. Trump’s remarks suggest a dual strategy of coercion paired with a willingness to negotiate, a stance that could influence upcoming talks in Geneva and affect global energy markets. Tehran, however, has condemned the blockade as piracy, accusing the United States of violating international law. The Iranian military’s statement framed the action as an unlawful seizure of sovereign waters, a narrative that resonates with a growing domestic backlash. In response, thousands of Iranians gathered in Tehran to protest the U.S. measures, chanting slogans against the blockade and demanding the restoration of free navigation in the Hormuz corridor. The demonstrations underscore the political risk for the Iranian regime, which must balance nationalist sentiment with economic pressures from restricted maritime trade. Analysts warn that the standoff could ripple through global markets, potentially inflating oil prices if shipping routes are further constrained. The situation also tests the resolve of allied nations, who must decide whether to support the U.S. posture or call for a diplomatic de‑escalation to safeguard the free flow of commerce through one of the world’s most strategic chokepoints.

The European Union is set to implement a sweeping reform of steel import duties from July, doubling tariffs and halving duty‑free quotas in an effort to stem a surge of low‑priced Chinese steel. EU lawmakers approved the measures after late‑night negotiations, targeting a 47% reduction in quota allowances. While exact country allocations remain pending, the policy will apply to all non‑EEA members, leaving Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein exempt. EU Industry Commissioner Stéphane Séjourné hailed the deal as the "strongest ever" safeguard for European steel, framing it as a victory for domestic mills, workers and industrial sovereignty. European steel lobbyist Axel Eggert of Eurofer argued the steps will create space for EU producers to add 15 million extra tonnes of steel to meet local demand, thereby pulling the sector "back from the brink". Recent import data underscore the urgency: steel inflows rose to a record 9.9 million tonnes in the final quarter of 2025, up from 7.4 million tonnes a year earlier. The new regime will cap total EU steel imports at 18.7 million tonnes annually, with quotas to be negotiated across 28 product categories. For the United Kingdom, the timing is critical. The EU remains the UK's largest steel market, absorbing roughly 1.8 million tonnes of British steel each year—about 10% of the new quota. UK Steel, the industry body, warned that a failure to secure reciprocal quota access could cripple export flows. Britain is preparing its own counter‑measures, announcing a 50% tariff on third‑country steel imports from 1 July and a 60% cut to its own quotas, a stricter stance than the EU’s 47% reduction. Union representatives echo the alarm. The Community union described the EU quotas as an "existential threat" to British steel and urged the Labour government to guard against a potential "tide of diverted steel" entering the UK market. Both sides acknowledge the deep integration of their steel sectors. Eurofer’s deputy director Karl Tachelet called for preferential treatment for the UK, emphasizing that the two industries share a common interest in avoiding punitive measures. As negotiations unfold, the outcome will shape not only the future of European steel production but also the broader post‑Brexit trade relationship between the EU and the United Kingdom.

The Guardian’s latest photo feature offers a vivid look at Steve McQueen’s exhibition titled “Grenada”, a work that intertwines art and history through a series of compelling images.Central to the visual narrative are flowers that have “witnessed horrific things”, serving as silent witnesses to the island’s turbulent past. The photographs juxtapose the natural beauty of the flora with the lingering shadows of colonial trauma, inviting viewers to contemplate the complex legacy of Grenada.Each picture is carefully composed to highlight the contrast between the bountiful landscape and the weight of historical memory, underscoring McQueen’s intent to provoke reflection on how beauty can coexist with suffering.By presenting the exhibition in a picture‑rich format, the article allows readers to experience the emotional depth of the work without leaving the page, emphasizing the power of visual storytelling in contemporary art.

HSBC’s chief executive, Georges Elhedery, told Bloomberg Television at a conference in Hong Kong that the ongoing Iran war is undermining global economic confidence. He warned that the conflict’s duration could amplify price pressures on commodities such as oil, refined products, fertilisers and metals, extending the impact far beyond the Middle East. Brent crude, which had briefly risen above $100 per barrel, slipped 0.9% to $98.5 per barrel after a U.S. blockade of Iranian ports took effect. Negotiations between the United States and Iran are set to resume in Islamabad, but no agreement was reached in the previous talks. In London, the FTSE 100 edged up 22 points (0.21%) to 10,605, even as Imperial Brands led the losers, citing a “more uncertain geopolitical and macro environment.” The UK recruitment firm PageGroup warned that the Middle East conflict is creating an “increasingly uncertain outlook” for the rest of the year, with salaries lagging behind 2022‑2023 levels across the UK, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. HSBC holds a 31% stake in Saudi Awwal Bank, making it one of the European banks most exposed to the region, which contributes roughly 4% of its pre‑tax profit according to JP Morgan analysts. Nevertheless, Elhedery noted that capital outflows from the Middle East have been “very benign” so far. Since the U.S. and Israel began striking Iran on 28 February, some affluent Middle‑Eastern investors have started exploring relocation to financial hubs such as Singapore and Hong Kong. HSBC chair Brendan Nelson stressed that a peace settlement is essential to restore global energy flows, warning that prolonged disruption would lift inflation and suppress growth. “The longer the disruption continues, the more the indirect effects from higher energy costs will lift inflation and depress growth,” he said at the HSBC Global Investment Summit. Manufacturers reliant on petroleum‑derived synthetic fabrics, such as sportswear maker Castore, reported cost increases of 10‑15% and warned that continued conflict could push those costs onto consumers. Co‑founder Tom Beahon described price volatility as “very difficult to plan,” with daily swings of up to 40%. Logistics are also strained: airlines have reduced flights and vessels remain stranded in the Strait of Hormuz, complicating product shipments. Castore hopes that a resolution in the coming weeks will limit the impact on customers. Virgin Atlantic chief executive Corneel Koster told the Financial Times that jet‑fuel prices have more than doubled since the war began, adding that “some of this disruption to global energy prices will be here to stay.” UK Chancellor Rachel Reeves, speaking at the IMF and World Bank spring meetings, called for coordinated economic action, stating that the Iran conflict must become “a line in the sand” for how the world handles crises and instability.