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The Vision for a Just and Sustainable FutureImagine a future in which everyone enjoys high levels of wellbeing; where 90% of the world's population doubles their income but works half the hours we work today. A world in which the bottom half of humanity sees its share of global wealth rise from just 2% today to 30%; a world where we consume enough, but nobody over-consumes. And imagine achieving this on a planet that can comfortably sustain human life without its climate breaking down.Against the bleak techno-authoritarian futures now being sold to us, a radical new vision for global progress in the 21st century feels urgently needed. The most credible vision is one in which the habitability of the planet is a precondition for human development and equality.The Three Pillars of Global TransformationOur new report examines the conditions required for the world to progress towards this ambition on an economically and ecologically compatible path, by the end of the century. Its conclusion? A global transformation that reconciles planetary habitability and high standards of wellbeing for all is possible – as long as three conditions are simultaneously met.Fast decarbonisation of energy systems is necessary. But we also need a major shift away from overconsumption towards 'sufficiency'. This would involve a sharp reduction in labour hours and the use of raw materials, along with big changes in consumption patterns, food habits, land use and forest cover. Financing and politically sustaining decarbonisation and sufficiency will require a drastic reduction in inequality of income, wealth and power, between countries and within them.Quantifying the Path to Global JusticeThe Global Justice Report is the first attempt to propose a fully quantified plan for this transition. It combines four dimensions that today's debates often treat separately: redistribution at the world scale; a deep reform of the international financial and economic order; a radical transformation of energy systems; and substantial shifts in consumption patterns. Compared with most climate scenarios (including those of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), the main novelty is that we model all four dimensions together – and place inequality and sufficiency at the centre of the analysis.The Economic Convergence by 2100What would this transition deliver? At its heart is convergence between countries. Average per capita national income, today separated by a 16-fold gap between the poorest (€290 a month in sub-Saharan Africa) and richest (€4,590 in North America/Oceania) regions of the world, would rise towards a common level of about €5,000 a month in all countries by 2100.But this convergence is not just monetary. Annual working hours per employed person would fall from roughly 2,100 to about 1,000, continuing the long shift towards shorter working time; while the share of global working hours devoted to education and health would rise from 11% to 43%. Women and men would converge on equal pay and on an equal share of economic and domestic labour.Climate and Wealth TransformationAll of this would unfold within a habitable climate. Thanks to sustainable convergence and fast decarbonisation, global heating would reach 1.8C, against more than 4C on current trends.None of this will be possible without a deep contraction of inequality. The income scale between individuals would narrow to a ratio of one to five and the wealth scale to one to 10, prolonging what western and Nordic Europe achieved over the 20th century. The share of global wealth held by the poorest half of humanity would rise from 2% to 30%, while the share held by the billionaire class would fall from 6% to 0.05%.Financing the Global Justice TransitionThese shifts would be financed and governed through new institutions. A global justice fund would spend an average of 10% of world GDP a year from 2026 to 2060 on country dividends and investment, against the less than 0.4% that aid and the combined budgets of the UN, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank represent today.Its resources would come from a world sovereign fund holding 10% of the world capital stock, a global wealth tax rising to 20% a year on billionaires and a global income tax rising to 90% at the very top, each touching about 1% of the world's population.The Political Path ForwardThe result is not a transfer from many to few but a gain for almost everyone. Close to 90% of the world's population would double their income between 2026 and 2100, and once leisure and a habitable planet are counted, more than 99% come out ahead.Our report is part of a broader international agenda for planetary habitability, social justice and reform of the global financial architecture – including the Bridgetown agenda launched by Barbados in 2022, the Sevilla Commitment on development finance, the UN tax convention process, and G20 initiatives led by Brazil and South Africa on global inequality.A habitable, equal and prosperous 21st century is materially possible. The carbon budget allows it and history offers precedents at comparable scales: universal suffrage, the universalisation of healthcare and education, the halving of working hours and the sharp compression of inequality over the 20th century. Technical impossibility is not what is standing in the way, but rather the absence of a shared vision of social progress, at once concrete and radical. What it will take instead is political choice, and the hard work of coalition-building behind it.

Why Reducing Screen Time Has Become CriticalSmartphones have become the primary source of dopamine for many, leading to compulsive scrolling that erodes mental wellbeing. Recent legal action against major platforms underscores the urgency of adopting concrete habits to break the cycle.Legal Wake‑Up Call: Meta and YouTube Fined $6 MillionIn March, Meta and YouTube were ordered to pay a combined $6 million after a U.S. court ruled their platforms were deliberately designed to be addictive. The ruling serves as a public acknowledgment that the tech industry’s engagement loops can have harmful consequences.Numbers That Reveal the Scope of Phone AddictionSearch interest for “phone addiction” has risen steadily over the past decade, according to Google Trends data for the UK.The court‑imposed fine totals $6 million, a tangible financial penalty for design practices that prioritize user attention over health.Experts cite parallels between substance addiction and app usage, noting similar patterns of positive and negative reinforcement.How Excessive Screen Use Is Reshaping Mental Health and Tech DesignProf Marcantonio Spada, emeritus professor of addictive behaviours at London South Bank University, explains that intermittent rewards—likes, notifications, short videos—keep the brain in a state of anticipation, amplifying the “hangover” effect after prolonged scrolling. Psychotherapist Hilda Burke observes that patients often experience low mood, sleep disruption, and concentration problems linked to phone overuse.Both experts stress the importance of conscious choice: moving from passive “I found myself scrolling” to active “I chose to open Instagram.”Practical Steps to Reclaim Control Over Your DeviceTrack your time: Use built‑in tools like Android’s Digital Wellbeing or iOS’s Screen Time to monitor app usage and set limits.Schedule screen‑free periods: Implement “wait training” by leaving the phone behind during walks or designating a full screen‑free day (e.g., Sundays).Change your lockscreen: Replace distracting widgets with neutral images or information that discourages immediate checking.Set clear boundaries: Turn off non‑essential notifications, especially for messaging apps, to reduce the urge to respond instantly.Create physical distance: Keep the phone in another room during meals or focused work sessions.What the Future Holds for Digital Wellbeing Tools and RegulationAs courts continue to hold platforms accountable, we can expect tighter scrutiny of design features that exploit attention. Meanwhile, operating‑system providers are likely to expand Digital Wellbeing and Screen Time functionalities, offering more granular controls and proactive alerts. Users who adopt the outlined habits now will be better positioned to benefit from these upcoming enhancements while safeguarding their mental health.

The Era of Legendary Jazz Sonny Rollins and Steve Schapiro are reflecting on the golden age of jazz through a collection of photographs. Capturing Jazz's Pivotal Moments The photographs showcase iconic moments in jazz history, featuring legendary musicians of the time. A Visual Legacy The collaboration between Rollins and Schapiro offers a unique perspective on the era, blending music and photography. The Impact of Jazz's Golden Age Jazz's golden age continues to influence music today, with its legacy seen in various genres and artists. Preserving Musical History The photographs serve as a reminder of the significant contributions made by jazz musicians during this period.

The Week's Wildlife HighlightsThis week brings us fascinating stories from the animal kingdom, showcasing the diversity and wonder of wildlife across the globe. From endangered species making headlines to unexpected animal behaviors, these stories remind us of the importance of conservation efforts and the delicate balance of our ecosystems.A Baby Pangolin's DebutConservationists celebrate the arrival of a baby pangolin, one of the world's most trafficked mammals. The tiny pangolin, born to parents at a wildlife sanctuary, represents hope for this endangered species. Pangolins are unique creatures covered in keratin scales and primarily feed on ants and termites. Their birth comes amid ongoing efforts to combat illegal wildlife trafficking and protect natural habitats.The Gorilla Super-MumIn a remarkable display of maternal care, a gorilla at a wildlife reserve has been recognized for her exceptional parenting skills. The gorilla, who has successfully raised multiple offspring, demonstrates extraordinary patience and nurturing behavior. Her dedication to her young provides valuable insights into gorilla social structures and family dynamics, which are crucial for conservation programs aimed at protecting these endangered primates.Formula One Connection with GeeseIn an unexpected twist, geese have made headlines in the world of Formula One racing. The high-speed sport has implemented new measures to protect local goose populations during races, highlighting the intersection of human activities and wildlife conservation. This unique partnership demonstrates how even in fast-paced industries, environmental considerations are increasingly becoming a priority.Conservation ImplicationsThese diverse wildlife stories underscore the importance of ongoing conservation efforts. Each case—from the vulnerable pangolin to the intelligent gorilla and adaptable geese—illustrates different aspects of wildlife preservation. Conservationists emphasize that protecting these species requires comprehensive approaches that address habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict, and climate change.Looking AheadAs we continue to document and share these wildlife encounters, they serve as both educational tools and calls to action. The coming weeks will likely bring more stories of animal behavior, conservation successes, and challenges ahead. By staying informed about these developments, individuals can contribute to global wildlife protection efforts in meaningful ways.

The Lead Bangladeshi Foreign Minister Khalilur Rahman has been elected as the 81st president of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA). He won the presidency after defeating Cyprus's Ambassador Andreas Kakouris in a closely contested vote, taking the helm of the world's most representative diplomatic body during a time of global geopolitical turmoil. The Event Details Rahman, a career diplomat, joined Bangladesh's foreign service in 1979. He also held senior UN positions in New York and Geneva, including as the spokesperson for the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and as special adviser to the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). He became foreign minister in February, when the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) won the country's first election since a student-led uprising ousted Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina in 2024. The Data Analysis In the secret ballot, Rahman secured 99 votes, eight more than his competitor Kakouris. A total of 190 ballots were cast, with no invalid votes or abstentions. The presidency rotates among the UN's five regional groups, and the 81st session falls to the Asia Pacific group. Rahman will serve a one-year term starting on September 8, the UN said. The Impact Analysis Rahman's presidency will coincide with one of the most consequential processes on the UN calendar – the selection of Secretary-General Antonio Guterres's successor – as his term expires at the end of this year. The UN is facing 'not only headwinds, but immense pressure', with consensus increasingly difficult to achieve and defence of the UN Charter becoming 'a daily necessity'. The Prediction The coming UNGA session will open on September 8. The UNGA controls the UN budget, adopts treaties, addresses global issues from poverty to corruption and passes numerous resolutions that, while not legally binding, almost always reflect global opinion. The UNGA also makes key decisions for the UN, including appointing the secretary-general on the recommendation of the UN Security Council (UNSC) and electing the nonpermanent members of the council.

The Collapse of the On-Screen Marking SystemFor millions of Indian students, the high-stakes CBSE examinations are the gateway to higher education and future careers. However, the recent release of results for over 1.7 million students has been marred by a systemic failure that has shattered public trust. The introduction of a digitized evaluation process, intended to streamline grading, instead introduced blurry scans, server outages, and allegations of incorrect marking. This technical fiasco has evolved from a simple administrative error into a full-blown political scandal, with students accusing the government of prioritizing digital efficiency over the integrity of their futures.The Technical and Political Origins of the CrisisThe core of the controversy lies in the rushed implementation of the On-Screen Marking system. The CBSE, which oversees over 30,000 schools, faced difficulties securing a bidder for the project. In a move criticized for cutting corners, the board relaxed technical requirements and awarded the contract to Coempt Edu Teck, a Hyderabad-based company with a controversial history. This company previously operated as Globarena Technologies, a firm implicated in the 2019 Telangana exam scandal where 20 students died by suicide due to mass failures.Rushed Implementation: The system was implemented with only six months to prepare before exams began.Controversial Vendor: The company was previously linked to a mass failure scandal that resulted in student suicides.Whistleblower Exposure: High school student Vedant Srivastava exposed that scanned copies did not match his handwriting, sparking a viral investigation.Student Outrage and Statistical ImpactThe revelation of the technical flaws has mobilized a generation of students, who are using social media to expose alleged discrepancies in their grading. The outrage is not merely about lost marks but about the perceived theft of their hard work and the denial of due process. The incident has highlighted a broader trend of institutional indifference.Viral Discontent: A single post by Vedant Srivastava was reshared over 13,000 times, triggering a cascade of similar complaints.Systemic Vulnerabilities: Teenager Nisarga Adhikary demonstrated how the CBSE portal could be compromised, allowing unauthorized access to grading systems.Historical Context: This is not the first time the National Testing Agency has faced questions about paper leaks and exam integrity.Political Fallout and Institutional ErosionThe scandal has rapidly become a political liability for the Modi government. Opposition leaders, including Rahul Gandhi and Arvind Kejriwal, have seized the moment to accuse the administration of incompetence and a cover-up. The government's response—transferring the CBSE chairman and secretary—has been viewed by critics as a deflection rather than accountability. The incident has exacerbated a growing sentiment among the youth that dissent is criminalized and that institutions are designed to fail them.The Future of Digital Evaluation in IndiaAs the dust settles, the CBSE scandal is likely to trigger a comprehensive review of digital evaluation policies across India. The government will face immense pressure to conduct an independent inquiry and potentially overhaul the current digital infrastructure. For the students involved, the psychological impact of the scandal will linger, potentially influencing their political engagement and trust in government institutions for years to come. The crisis serves as a stark reminder that without robust security and transparency, digitizing critical infrastructure can have devastating real-world consequences.

The Controversy Surrounding the US Ebola Quarantine Facility in Kenya An Ebola quarantine station for US citizens, which is being constructed on a military base in central Kenya, has caused outrage in the East African nation amid a continuing outbreak of the deadly disease. The Protests and Violence Hundreds took to the streets of Nanyuki town on Monday and Tuesday and gathered in front of the planned centre, to which Americans who contract Ebola while overseas will be sent rather than being allowed back home. At least two people were killed, and one person was injured when the demonstration turned violent on Monday. The Data Analysis: Ebola Outbreak Statistics At least 321 people are infected in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) 48 have died in the DRC One person has died in Uganda, while nine cases have been confirmed The Impact Analysis: Risks and Concerns Kenyans across the country are worried about the risks of importing Ebola into the country. Health workers in the country have also reacted with anger: In the DRC, a lack of vaccines and protective gear has resulted in many health workers contracting the disease. The Prediction: Future Outlook Despite the protests in Kenya and a court order, plans for the centre have not been called off, with government officials doubling down in their defence of the project. The US has committed $13.5m towards “Kenya’s Ebola preparedness efforts” and another $112m was donated to the regional response.

The Layoff Details Meta has launched a wave of layoffs that will affect 10 percent of the company’s global workforce, representing about 8,000 people. The cuts, which began on Wednesday, are planned to occur in three waves, beginning at 4am local time for those affected. Severance Packages and Company Restructuring Workers in the United States will receive 16 weeks of severance pay, in addition to an extra two weeks for every year they have been employed at the company. In addition to the cuts, the parent company of WhatsApp, Facebook and Instagram said it would cancel plans to hire 6,000 people and shift 7,000 other employees into artificial intelligence (AI) workflow-related roles. The Impact on Morale and AI Development This comes amid reports of declining morale at the Mark Zuckerberg-led company following the launch of an AI tracking programme for workers. According to the Wall Street Journal, more than 1,500 people signed a petition demanding that the company not collect their data. Investing in AI Zuckerberg, who is the world’s sixth-richest person according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index, is not averse to investing in the business. However, that spending has focused on AI development, including the Meta Superintelligence initiative. Capital expenditures are forecast to hit $125bn to $145bn for the year, an increase of more than double since 2025.

The Historic Breach of the 18,000 BarrierIndonesia’s rupiah has shattered its historical ceiling, trading at 18,028 against the US dollar on Thursday and breaching the critical 18,000 psychological threshold. This marks a significant deterioration in market sentiment, occurring despite recent interventions by the central bank aimed at stabilizing the currency.The Trade Deficit ParadoxThe currency's plunge is driven by a widening gap between dollar supply and demand. As a net oil importer, Indonesia is uniquely vulnerable to global price spikes. The trade surplus has collapsed from $3.3bn in March to a mere $89m in April, drastically reducing the natural supply of US dollars entering the domestic market.April Trade Surplus: Narrowed to $89m (down from $3.3bn)Net Importer Status: Heavily reliant on energy imports amid rising costsCentral Bank Rate: Hiked to 5.25% (first increase in two years)Geopolitical Headwinds and Tariff RisksThe depreciation is exacerbated by external pressures. The ongoing conflict in the Middle East has pushed oil prices up by over 1 percent, further straining the trade balance. Additionally, the United States has proposed 10-12.5 percent import duties on goods from 60 economies, including Indonesia, citing forced labor concerns, which adds a layer of protectionist uncertainty to the market.The Limits of Monetary InterventionDespite the Bank Indonesia's (BI) efforts to tighten liquidity—such as requiring documentation for purchases over $25,000—market analysts suggest these measures are reactive rather than preventative. The high demand for dollars is structural, driven by energy costs, raw material needs, and foreign debt payments, making it difficult for rate hikes to fully reverse the depreciation trend.