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Thousands of Muqtada al‑Sadr’s followers took to the streets of Baghdad and several other Iraqi cities on Saturday, staging one of the largest anti‑war rallies in recent memory. Demonstrators brandished Iraqi flags while chanting slogans such as “No, no to Israel” and “No, no to America,” signaling broad opposition to the escalating conflict. Iraq, already caught in a web of regional hostilities, has endured attacks aimed at both U.S. interests and pro‑Iranian groups within its borders. The protests underscore the country’s growing frustration at being drawn into a war it did not initiate. In the heart of Baghdad’s Tahrir Square, crowds—including women—filled the avenues, their voices amplified by a palpable sense of urgency. “What America and Israel are doing is not a conventional military operation but a senseless war,” declared Dhirgham Samir, a 40‑year‑old participant, speaking to AFP. Samir added that the demonstration represented a broader rejection of “aggression, arrogance and injustice” worldwide, emphasizing that civilians are the primary victims of this conflict. Since the war began, thousands of casualties have been reported across the region, a grim statistic that fuels public anger. Al‑Sadr himself called for peaceful rallies aimed at condemning what he described as “Zionist‑American aggression” and urging a return to regional stability. His appeal resonated with many, reflecting his deep-rooted influence among Iraq’s Shia majority. Protesters gathered beneath Baghdad’s Freedom Monument, a symbol of the nation’s independence, to denounce perceived foreign meddling. Muslim leader Ali al‑Fartousi told AFP, “Humanity must speak out against these forces; the world must unite against Zionist‑American arrogance.” Al‑Sadr commands a loyal base numbering in the millions and has repeatedly demonstrated an ability to mobilise large crowds. Though he has opposed various Iraqi governments over the years, his network extends into ministries and state institutions, amplifying the political weight of today’s demonstrations.

President Donald Trump posted a terse three‑sentence message on Truth Social, giving Iran a 48‑hour deadline to either negotiate a deal or reopen the Strait of Hormuz to international traffic. The post, which omitted any reference to the ongoing hunt for a U.S. pilot believed to have ejected after an F‑15 fighter crashed in Iranian airspace, reignited diplomatic friction. Iran’s central military command responded within hours. General Ali Abdollahi Aliabadi dismissed the ultimatum as a “helpless, nervous, unbalanced and stupid action,” warning that the “gates of hell will open” for the United States. Earlier this week, Tehran claimed to have shot down an A‑10 Warthog near the Hormuz Strait, casting doubt on Trump’s earlier assertion that the United States has established dominance over Iranian airspace. The current threat follows a 10‑day deadline announced on March 26, which required Iran to open the strait or face the “destruction” of its energy facilities. That deadline expires on Monday, prompting Trump to write: “Time is running out – 48 hours before all Hell will reign down on them. Glory be to GOD!” In Tehran, the Khatam al‑Anbiya Central Headquarters echoed Aliabadi’s criticism, labeling the message as reckless and unbalanced. Trump’s rhetoric this week has also targeted Iranian infrastructure more broadly. He has threatened to strike power plants, oil facilities, and even “possibly all desalinization plants,” and in a recent national address warned he would bomb Iran “back to the Stone Ages.” More than 100 international law experts have warned that such attacks on civilian infrastructure could violate the Geneva Convention and constitute war crimes. Diplomatic efforts remain stalled. Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi said Tehran stays open to negotiations but rejected a “15‑point” plan from the Trump administration as “unreasonable.” The United States, meanwhile, views Iran’s demand for sovereignty over the Hormuz Strait as a “non‑starter.” Pakistan has pledged to continue supporting cease‑fire talks despite the “obstacles.” While Trump has not publicly addressed the missing pilot, NBC News reported that he told the network the incident would not affect negotiations: “No, not at all. No, it’s war.” Experts caution that if Iran captures the pilot, it could give Tehran a powerful bargaining chip and undermine U.S. claims of air‑space dominance. Marina Miron, a researcher at King’s College London, told Al Jazeera that the F‑15 shoot‑down demonstrates Iran’s ability to target U.S. aircraft, contradicting statements from Trump and Pentagon chief Pete Hegseth about complete U.S. control of Iranian airspace. She noted that Iran’s likely use of man‑portable air‑defence systems makes locating and neutralising them “much more difficult.” Miron warned that any U.S. rescue attempt could risk additional casualties and further escalation. “It’s a race for time,” she said, noting a critical window of up to 72 hours during which both sides are scrambling to secure the pilot for military and political purposes.

The Giuffre family has publicly asked King Charles III to sit down with survivors of Jeffrey Epstein’s sex‑trafficking network during his upcoming state visit to Washington, scheduled for April 27‑30.The appeal arrives just before the anniversary of Virginia Giuffre’s death in April 2025, which was ruled a suicide.Giuffre, who first went public in 2010, alleged that she was groomed and trafficked by Jeffrey Epstein and his associate Ghislaine Maxwell, and that she was forced to have sexual encounters with Prince Andrew, the king’s brother.Sky Roberts and his wife Amanda, Giuffre’s brother and sister‑in‑law, told Reuters that they "strongly urge King Charles to meet with us and survivors and hear what we have to say," hoping the testimony could spur further British action against Epstein’s alleged co‑conspirators.The request comes as Charles’s Washington trip follows the U.S. Department of Justice’s release of the final tranche of more than 3.5 million Epstein‑related documents, mandated by the Epstein Files Transparency Act signed by former President Donald Trump.The massive disclosure has already triggered a wave of high‑profile resignations, arrests and ongoing investigations, including charges against former UK ambassador Peter Mandelson and Prince Andrew.Prince Andrew, now styled Andrew Mountbatten‑Windsor after being stripped of his military roles, patronages and royal titles, denied the allegations, settled a civil case with Giuffre in 2022 without admitting wrongdoing, and continues to contest criminal charges.Buckingham Palace has expressed “thoughts and utmost sympathies” for victims but did not comment on the Giuffre family’s request. The family thanked the king for his “decisive action” in removing his brother’s princely status.

The deployment of reflective mirrors on satellites and the launch of thousands more satellites into low Earth orbit could have significant consequences for human health and ecosystems. Leading sleep and circadian rhythm researchers have raised concerns about the potential disruption to natural night-time light environments.The US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is considering plans by Reflect Orbital to illuminate parts of the Earth at night using reflective satellites, as well as applications from SpaceX that could dramatically expand satellite numbers in low Earth orbit.2,500 researchers from over 30 countries have expressed concerns that altering the light-dark cycle could disrupt biological clocks that regulate sleep and hormone secretion in humans and animals, migration in nocturnal species, seasonal cycles in plants, and the rhythms of marine phytoplankton.Prof Charalambos Kyriacou, president of the European Biological Rhythms Society (EBRS), emphasized that "plants need the night" and that eliminating it could have global implications for food security.Reflect Orbital aims to use satellites equipped with large reflective mirrors to redirect sunlight onto areas roughly 5km to 6km wide "on demand", with brightness adjustable "from full moon to full noon".Meanwhile, SpaceX has proposed launching up to 1m satellites to create a giant solar-powered computing network in orbit designed to run artificial-intelligence workloads.Ruskin Hartley, chief executive of DarkSky International, noted that scientific studies have already shown that the existing number of satellites in orbit has increased diffuse night sky brightness by roughly 10%.Experts warn that if current trends in satellite launches and debris generation continue, night sky brightness could increase substantially over the coming decade, approaching the threshold astronomers have set for preserving naturally dark skies.

When Corentin Roudaut arrived in Paris a decade ago, he swapped his student‑era bike for a car, daunted by the city’s traffic and lack of cyclist protection. After a protected lane opened on Boulevard Voltaire in the 11th arrondissement, he reclaimed his two‑wheel commute and now volunteers with the cycling advocacy group Paris en Selle, witnessing a city that has shed its car‑centric image.Roudaut notes that the shift “started slowly but really accelerated in the last ten years,” with a growing network of bike routes that is becoming safe and nearly complete in many districts.Mayor Anne Hidalgo’s 12‑year agenda reshaped Paris’s urban fabric. Since taking office in 2014, her administration planted 155,000 trees, created several hundred kilometres of segregated bike lanes, pedestrianised 300 school streets, and banned cars from the banks of the Seine. Former parking spaces have been turned into green plazas and café terraces, reducing the risk of children being hit while walking to school.As Hidalgo departs on Sunday, her legacy is touted as a blueprint for progressive European cities, especially as some national governments retreat from green initiatives.Nevertheless, the reforms have sparked pushback. Motorists object to the loss of road space, and recent referendums on higher parking charges for SUVs and further school‑street pedestrianisation suffered low voter turnouts. Right‑wing mayoral candidate Rachida Dati described the new public‑space regime as “anxiety‑inducing,” though she stopped short of promising a reversal.In a candid interview, Hidalgo described the Seine‑bank pedestrianisation as “a tough battle” that, once won, left residents reluctant to revert to car traffic. She highlighted a generation of children who have never known cars on those riverbanks, prompting awe‑filled reactions from visitors.Urban scholars attribute the rapid change to Paris’s tight administrative boundaries, which limit suburban influence on city transport decisions, and to groundwork laid by previous mayors. Yet they stress that political courage was essential to implement measures that inconvenienced drivers while delivering social and environmental benefits.Environmental epidemiologist Audrey de Nazelle of Imperial College London, a Paris native, praised the transformation as “fabulous” and warned that many cities lack the bravery to pursue similar legacies.A recent report placed Paris among 19 global cities that cut two major toxic air pollutants between 2010 and 2024. While Brussels and Warsaw saw faster declines in fine‑particle matter, London outpaced Paris in reducing nitrogen‑dioxide levels.By contrast, Berlin—despite opening a new inner‑city motorway and scrapping 30 km/h speed limits on key streets—still records a higher share of cyclists than Paris.Transport researcher Giulio Mattioli argues that Paris simply needed to add bike lanes to unlock latent demand, noting that the city started from a lower baseline but quickly caught up with peers.However, the transformation remains uneven. The extensive suburbs continue to be dominated by cars, hemmed in by the 35 km Boulevard Périphérique ring road. Analyst Jean‑Louis Missika of think‑tank Terra Nova stresses that “as long as this motorway encircles Paris, the Greater Paris metropolis will remain an administrative construct devoid of urban reality.” He calls for dismantling or repurposing the ring road to achieve a truly post‑car metropolis.

Lawyers estimate that as many as 75 women could have a claim in the $72.5 million settlement reached with Bank of America over alleged involvement in Jeffrey Epstein’s sex‑trafficking network. U.S. District Judge Jed Rakoff has instructed counsel to assemble a broad list of publications by the upcoming Friday to ensure every potential victim receives notice, emphasizing that "nobody is left out." A final approval hearing is scheduled for August 27. The settlement was first disclosed in court filings on March 27 after a proposed class‑action lawsuit was permitted to move forward. In October, a plaintiff using the pseudonym Jane Doe filed the suit on behalf of herself and other alleged victims, accusing the bank of overlooking suspicious transactions tied to Epstein’s operations. According to the complaint, Bank of America allegedly benefited knowingly from its relationship with Epstein and impeded enforcement of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act, a federal statute aimed at combating sex trafficking. Bank of America reiterated its stance that it did not facilitate Epstein’s crimes, stating that the resolution allows the institution to move past the matter and provides "further closure for the plaintiffs." Judge Rakoff gave preliminary approval, noting that while no monetary figure can fully compensate for the magnitude of Epstein’s offenses, victims are entitled to restitution from any party that "knowingly, recklessly or otherwise unlawfully facilitated" the trafficking. This agreement follows similar settlements in 2023: JPMorgan Chase paid $290 million and Deutsche Bank settled for $75 million with Epstein victims. Rakoff previously dismissed a suit against Bank of New York Mellon; the plaintiffs are now appealing that decision. He stressed that liability should be limited to entities that knowingly assisted or profited, not to every organization that merely intersected with Epstein’s network. Jeffrey Epstein, a wealthy financier who died by suicide in a New York City jail in 2019, was accused of preying on girls and young women for decades and maintained ties to high‑profile figures across politics, arts, and business. One of Doe’s attorneys, David Boies, believes that 60 to 75 women may qualify for the settlement, and cautions that additional claimants could emerge as the search continues.

Doctors Without Borders (MSF) has condemned a drone strike that hit Al Jabalain Hospital in Sudan’s White Nile State, killing 10 people, among them seven medical staff members. The attack, which struck an operating theatre and a maternity ward, occurred during a children’s immunisation campaign, heightening the humanitarian outcry.MSF’s Sudan emergencies chief, Esperanza Santos, said the assault was “unacceptable” and noted that several of the deceased had previously worked with the organisation. She added that the strike represents a grave violation of medical neutrality.While the perpetrators have not been officially confirmed, MSF’s statement attributes the strike to the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), a claim echoed by Sudanese officials. On Friday, Khalid Aleisir, Sudan’s minister of culture, information, antiquities and tourism, called for the RSF to be designated a terrorist organisation and for its members to face prosecution.The incident follows a series of attacks on Sudan’s health infrastructure since the war erupted in April 2023. In a separate incident the same day, a medical supply depot in Rabak, the capital of White Nile State, was also hit. According to the World Health Organization, more than 200 attacks have targeted health facilities since the conflict began, underscoring a systematic pattern of violence against civilians.Local rights group Emergency Lawyers highlighted that recurring drone strikes across South Kordofan, Blue Nile, and the Darfur regions have displaced thousands, further straining an already fragile health system. The Sudan Doctors Network described the Al Jabalain strike as a “deliberate assault on health facilities and unarmed civilians,” warning that such actions exacerbate the nation’s deteriorating medical capacity.International observers note that the targeting of hospitals not only violates international humanitarian law but also hampers efforts to control disease outbreaks and provide essential care to vulnerable populations. The growing body of evidence may prompt renewed calls for accountability and stronger protective measures for health workers in conflict zones.

Ten years after the groundbreaking Panama Papers investigation, the revelations about hidden offshore accounts and shell companies continue to reverberate across the globe. The leak, which exposed the financial maneuvers of politicians, celebrities, and corporations, sparked a wave of regulatory scrutiny and public demand for greater transparency. In the decade since, governments have introduced stricter anti‑money‑laundering rules and enhanced reporting standards, yet the challenge of tracking illicit wealth persists. Analysts note that the papers highlighted systemic weaknesses in the international financial system, prompting ongoing debates about the balance between privacy and accountability. Beyond policy changes, the Panama Papers underscored the power of investigative journalism to uncover complex financial networks. Their legacy endures as journalists and watchdog groups continue to probe offshore activities, reinforcing the role of a free press in safeguarding democratic institutions. As the world reflects on this milestone, the conversation has shifted from the initial shock of the disclosures to a broader assessment of how such leaks shape global financial governance and influence future reforms.

The Panama Papers, a massive leak of 11.5 million documents from Panamanian law firm Mossack Fonseca, exposed a vast network of offshore shell companies used by global elites to evade taxes and scrutiny. The leak, which involved over 350 journalists from 80 countries, revealed that hundreds of people, including over 140 politicians, were linked to offshore entities.The scandal led to significant consequences, including the resignation of Iceland's Prime Minister Sigmundur Gunnlaugsson and the disqualification of Pakistan's Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif from office. Mossack Fonseca ultimately shut down in 2018 following the leak.Governments worldwide have recovered around $2 billion in taxes, penalties, and levies since 2016, with countries like the UK, Sweden, and France each recovering between $200-250 million. However, the amount of unaccounted funds remains significantly higher.The leak has also driven regulatory changes, including the Corporate Transparency Act in the US, which requires disclosure of beneficial owners of offshore entities. The United Nations is considering a Convention on Taxation to address global tax challenges.Despite progress, gaps remain in the global tax system, allowing individuals and companies to exploit loopholes and avoid taxes. Experts stress the need for a multilateral tax convention to address tax competition and treaty shopping.