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On the third anniversary of Sudan's civil war, international donors have pledged $1.5 billion in humanitarian aid to alleviate the suffering of millions affected by the conflict. The pledges were made during a conference in Berlin, attended by about a dozen foreign ministers and over 60 delegations.United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres described the anniversary as a 'tragic milestone in a conflict that has shattered a country of immense promise.' He emphasized that the consequences of the war are not confined to Sudan, but are destabilizing the wider region.The conflict in Sudan began in April 2023, when fighting erupted between the military and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) after a long-simmering power struggle. The war has resulted in nearly 34 million people needing humanitarian assistance and over 4.5 million being forced to flee their homes.Guterres also highlighted the dire situation for women and girls in Sudan, who have been terrorized and subjected to systematic sexual violence. The conference aimed to not only rally donors but also to help revive stalled negotiations to end the fighting, although the two sides fighting the war were excluded.Sudan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs criticized the meeting as a 'colonial tutelage approach,' accusing Western leaders of trying to impose their agenda and vision without consulting or coordinating with Khartoum. The ministry stated that it 'will not accept that countries and regional and international organizations convene to decide on its affairs and bypass the Sudanese government under the pretext of neutrality.'German Foreign Minister Johann Wadephul announced that his country pledged 212 million euros ($250m) in humanitarian aid and thanked donors for their pledges. He emphasized that the aid will help alleviate the suffering of the people in Sudan, save lives, and show that the conflict has not been forgotten.

Japan has taken a significant step in its foreign policy by easing its arms export rules, marking a departure from its eight-decade-long pacifist stance. This move comes as trust in US President Donald Trump declines, with him wavering on security commitments to allies and involvement in conflicts in Iran and Ukraine.The Japanese government has approved a record defense budget of $58 billion for 2026, reflecting a push to strengthen military and coastal defenses amid rising global tensions. The new budget forms part of a broader $784 billion national budget for the fiscal year beginning in April 2026.Under the new budget, over $6.2 billion is earmarked to enhance Japan's 'standoff' missile capabilities, including the purchase of domestically produced and upgraded Type-12 surface-to-ship missiles. This move is seen as a response to China's growing military presence in the Asia-Pacific region.Japan's key defense contractors, Toshiba and Mitsubishi Electric, are hiring staff and adding capacity to capitalize on demand for arms. Countries such as the Philippines and Poland are expected to become customers of Japanese arms.The easing of arms export rules is part of Japan's efforts to shape its own security policy and reduce its military dependence on the US. This shift is driven by the need to build defense supply chains in Asia that do not rely on the US, particularly in light of Washington's preoccupation with wars in the Middle East and Ukraine.Japanese companies are eager to boost sales by selling their products abroad, with Toshiba planning to hire 500 people over the next three years and constructing new testing and manufacturing facilities. The company's vice president, Kenji Kobayashi, noted that 'reputational risk is not what it used to be.'The US has welcomed Japan's initiatives to boost defense spending and take regional security into its own hands, with US Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth praising Japan's investment in its defense capabilities.

Washington, D.C. – The U.S. Senate voted 47‑52 to reject a resolution that would have limited President Donald Trump’s power to wage war against Iran, marking the fourth defeat of the measure despite weekly attempts by lawmakers. The vote follows a two‑week ceasefire agreed upon last week, though subsequent negotiations in Islamabad failed to produce a longer‑term deal. Both sides have indicated openness to a second round of talks. President Trump’s earlier threats, including a statement on April 7 that a “whole civilisation will die tonight,” intensified congressional calls for constraints on his war‑making authority. Party lines largely dictated the outcome: Republican Rand Paul voted in favor, while Democrat John Fetterman broke with his party to oppose the resolution. Supporters argue that Trump acted beyond constitutional limits when he joined Israel in launching the February 28 offensive. The U.S. Constitution reserves the declaration of war for Congress, allowing presidents to act unilaterally only in cases of immediate self‑defence. Senator Chris Murphy, speaking before the vote, described the conflict as a “bungled, mismanaged war” that has failed to meet the administration’s objectives. He criticized the lack of transparency and oversight, noting that the war is costing “billions of dollars every week,” has claimed “over a dozen American lives,” and is destabilising economies worldwide. Republican Senator Jim Risch defended Trump’s actions, dismissing the resolution as “same old, same old” and asserting that the president has both the right and duty to act. The House of Representatives is slated to consider its own war‑powers resolution this week, with a higher likelihood of passage given growing wariness among some Republicans. Even if both chambers approved the measure, Trump could veto it, requiring a two‑thirds supermajority to override. Under the War Powers Act of 1973, Congress must either authorize the military action or approve a 30‑day extension when the conflict reaches its 60‑day mark at the end of April. Failure to do so would legally compel the president to begin withdrawing forces. U.S. blockade updates: U.S. Central Command reported that no vessels have successfully breached the blockade of Iranian ports in the Strait of Hormuz over the past 48 hours, with nine ships complying with orders to turn back. The U.S. Navy warned that vessels attempting to transit will be boarded for interdiction and seizure. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced a forthcoming set of financial measures described as the “financial equivalent” of military attacks, while noting that some sanctions had been lifted to ease soaring global energy prices. White House spokesperson Karoline Leavitt said the administration has not formally requested an extension of the ceasefire, which is set to expire next week, but expressed optimism about a second round of talks in Islamabad. Iran’s state‑run television reported that a high‑level Pakistani delegation arrived in Tehran to coordinate new negotiations. Meanwhile, Major‑General Ali Abdollahi of the IRGC warned that the ongoing naval blockade could jeopardise the fragile ceasefire, describing it as a “prelude to a violation of the ceasefire.”

President Donald Trump declared that the war with Iran is "very close to over," even as Washington maintains a naval blockade of the strategic Strait of Hormuz. In Washington, D.C., Israeli and Lebanese ambassadors convened for uncommon direct talks, seeking a cease‑fire while Israel pressed for Hezbollah’s disarmament. Trump also hinted at a possible second round of negotiations with Tehran, suggesting talks could resume in Pakistan within days. The United States, however, is set to let a temporary sanctions waiver on stranded Iranian oil expire, tightening economic pressure on Tehran. The International Committee of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies delivered its first shipment of medical supplies and humanitarian aid into Iran since hostilities began, offering a modest lifeline to civilians. Inside Tehran, minor explosions caused limited damage and injuries, underscoring ongoing instability. Iran estimates its war‑related losses at $270 billion and plans to seek reparations. On the diplomatic front, the United Nations' IAEA chief Rafael Grossi noted that the duration of any uranium‑enrichment moratorium would be a political decision, reflecting the delicate balance of future negotiations. In the United States, the Senate is poised to vote as early as Wednesday on a Democratic initiative to restrict the president’s war powers, signaling growing congressional scrutiny of the conflict. Former defence official David Sedney warned that the Hormuz blockade is backfiring, increasing pressure on Washington as global trade routes are disrupted and domestic support wanes. Meanwhile, CENTCOM Commander Admiral Brad Cooper affirmed that the blockade of Iranian ports is fully operational and that U.S. forces retain maritime superiority in the region. President Trump publicly rebuked Italy’s Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni for not joining U.S. actions against Iran, describing her stance as lacking courage. U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced that American forces will intercept Chinese tankers carrying Iranian oil through the Hormuz Strait, effectively cutting off Iran’s oil exports while allowing non‑Iranian cargo to pass. Israel has proposed a long‑term troop presence extending up to 8 km into southern Lebanon until Hezbollah is dismantled, and continues air strikes aimed at encircling the strategic town of Bint Jbeil. Former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State Jeffrey Feltman highlighted a growing divergence between U.S. and Israeli priorities, noting Israel’s heightened concern over Iran’s ballistic‑missile program. In Lebanon, Israeli raids have resulted in multiple civilian casualties, with reports of villages being razed in a manner likened to Gaza. Hezbollah has rejected the ongoing Israel‑Lebanon talks, while public opinion remains split between hopes for peace and opposition to negotiations. The International Monetary Fund warned that any further escalation could push the global economy toward recession. It cut its 2026 growth forecast for the Middle East and North Africa to 1.1 % from 3.9 %, citing disruptions to Gulf oil and gas exports. On the markets, stock indices rose while oil prices slipped, reflecting renewed optimism for a diplomatic resolution and the reopening of the Hormuz Strait.

Israel has intensified its military campaign in southern Lebanon, conducting deadly strikes on several towns, resulting in significant casualties. The attacks occurred just a day after Lebanese and Israeli envoys held rare talks in Washington, DC, facilitated by US Secretary of State Marco Rubio. These talks marked the first direct contact between the two countries in decades.According to Lebanon's state-run National News Agency (NNA), Wednesday's attacks killed at least 13 people, including a family of four in the town of Jbaa. The strikes also targeted other towns, including Ansariyeh, Qadmus, Saadiyat, and Jiyeh. The escalation has sparked anger among the Lebanese population, with many questioning the government's decision to engage in diplomatic talks with Israel while attacks continue.Al Jazeera's Zeina Khodr, reporting from Beirut, noted that residents are demanding an end to the attacks and expressing frustration over the government's handling of the situation. The Lebanese government has faced criticism for its concessions and perceived weakness in dealing with Israel. Hezbollah lawmaker Hassan Fadlallah accused the government of squandering Lebanon's political and military strength and criticized its decision to withdraw the army from the south.The conflict between Israel and Hezbollah, an Iran-aligned group, has resulted in over 2,000 deaths in recent weeks. The situation remains volatile, with ceasefire talks being a key point of contention. Hezbollah is seeking a comprehensive ceasefire, while Israel has ruled out discussions on a ceasefire in the latest war.

Tehran has issued an uncompromising demand for $270 billion in reparations for the devastation wrought by United States and Israeli strikes since the war began on 28 February. The figure, disclosed by government spokeswoman Fatemeh Mohajerani in an interview with Russia’s RIA Novosti, aggregates both direct and indirect losses across a wide range of sectors. Iran’s UN envoy asserted that five regional states must contribute to the compensation, alleging that their territories served as launchpads for attacks on Iranian soil. In parallel, Tehran floated a Strait of Hormuz protocol that would levy a tax on vessels transiting the strategic waterway, earmarking the proceeds for reconstruction. The war has battered Iran’s critical infrastructure: oil and gas complexes, petrochemical plants, steel and aluminium factories, as well as military installations have been repeatedly struck. Damage extends to bridges, ports, railways, universities, research centres, power stations and desalination plants, while countless hospitals, schools and civilian homes have been either damaged or razed. In the aviation sector, Maghsoud Asadi Samani, secretary of the Association of Iranian Airlines, reported that 60 civilian aircraft have been rendered inoperable, with 20 completely destroyed. Iran now operates roughly 160 passenger planes, many of which are decades old and suffer from parts shortages due to stringent US sanctions. The airline industry estimates losses exceeding 300 trillion rials (≈ $190 million) over just 40 days of conflict, compounded by the loss of anticipated revenue from the Nowruz holiday period. Despite the extensive damage, Iranian officials have signalled no willingness to make major concessions in forthcoming negotiations with Washington, including on nuclear enrichment. Hard‑line parliament spokesman Ebrahim Rezaei warned that extending the recent two‑week ceasefire would merely allow the US and Israel to replenish their arsenals, urging the United States to either recognise Iran’s rights—particularly over the Strait of Hormuz—or return to hostilities. Financially, Iran allocated close to $8 billion to its military in 2024, according to SIPRI, and has pledged to triple that budget following previous missile exchanges with Israel. Yet the economy remains strained by years of sanctions, mismanagement and corruption. Compounding the economic strain, the government‑imposed near‑total internet shutdown—affecting over 90 million users—has been estimated to cost the nation up to $80 million per day. Afshin Kolahi of the Iran Chamber of Commerce warned that the blackout equates to losing the output of four B1‑class bridges and two medium‑capacity power plants each day. While a limited “Internet Pro” service is being offered to select users, the majority of the population remains confined to a state‑controlled intranet, prompting widespread calls for internet freedom. These intertwined military, economic and digital pressures underscore the high stakes of the anticipated US‑Iran talks, with Tehran demanding acknowledgment of its losses and a pathway to rebuild a war‑torn nation.

Israeli and Lebanese officials have engaged in historic talks in Washington, DC, marking the first direct negotiations between the two countries since 1983. The meeting, facilitated by US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, lasted over two hours and focused on addressing the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Lebanon.The talks come as Israel continues its military campaign against Hezbollah, which has resulted in nearly 2,124 deaths and displaced over 1.1 million people in Lebanon. The conflict has tested the fragile ceasefire struck on April 8, which paused the US and Israel's war on Iran for two weeks.Israel's ambassador to the US, Yechiel Leiter, described the discussions as a 'wonderful exchange', highlighting points of agreement, including a push to remove Hezbollah from Lebanon. Lebanon's ambassador to the US, Nada Hamadeh Moawad, characterized the talks as 'constructive', emphasizing the need for a ceasefire, the return of displaced people, and measures to ease the humanitarian crisis.Despite the positive remarks, heavy fighting continues in the region, with Hezbollah launching daily drone, rocket, and artillery attacks on northern Israel and Israeli troops in Lebanon. The group also retains significant influence in parts of Lebanon, including Beirut's southern suburbs and areas in the south and east.The US Secretary of State acknowledged the challenges ahead, stating that progress would take time and that the parties are working against decades of history and complexities. The talks have raised hopes for a potential ceasefire and disarmament of Hezbollah, but a near-term end to the fighting appears uncertain.

An international conference in Berlin has yielded pledges of over £1 billion to support Sudan, a country devastated by three years of conflict. The funding, which exceeds the initial target of $1 billion (£740 million) set by German ministers, aims to alleviate the world's largest humanitarian crisis.The financial commitments will help address a chronic humanitarian funding shortfall in Sudan, where two-thirds of the population, or 34 million people, require assistance. The crisis has been exacerbated by ongoing conflict between the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and the army.UN Secretary-General António Guterres urged international delegates to take action, highlighting 'credible allegations of the gravest international crimes' and the need for an immediate cessation of hostilities. He emphasized that 'funding alone cannot substitute for peace.'The UK Foreign Secretary, Yvette Cooper, called for a concerted international effort to stop the flow of arms into Sudan, while the US emphasized its commitment to a humanitarian truce that would allow aid to reach those in need.Despite the funding pledges, the prospect of peace remains distant, with scant progress reported on ceasefire talks and neither of Sudan's warring parties attending the conference.

Narwhal Labs, a UK-based AI firm, has been accused of running a misogynistic and sexist advertising campaign. The company's ads, which include a woman next to the strapline 'She outworks everyone. And she'll never ask for a raise,' have sparked outrage and garnered at least seven complaints to the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA). The ASA is assessing the complaints to determine whether there are grounds for further action, although a formal investigation has not been launched. The ads, which can be found online, had been displayed on large banners at Bristol airport but were taken down after concerns were raised. Critics, including Kate Bell, assistant general secretary of the Trades Union Congress, and Rebecca Horne, head of communications and campaigns at Pregnant Then Screwed, have condemned the ads as sexist and misogynistic, perpetuating toxic stereotypes about women in the workplace. Narwhal Labs, which recently secured £20m in investment funding, has defended its campaign, stating that it was not intended to be perceived as misogynistic or racist. The company is calling for legislation to regulate the use of AI and protect workers' rights. The controversy highlights the need for greater accountability and regulation in the AI industry, particularly when it comes to advertising and its potential impact on society.