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Economy Apr 15, 2026

IFS Report Finds UK's Help to Buy Scheme Primarily Boosted Higher‑Income Buyers

An Institute for Fiscal Studies analysis reveals that the Help to Buy programmes introduced in 2013…
New research from the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) shows that the Help to Buy mortgage initiatives launched by the Conservative‑Lib Dem coalition in 2013 mainly benefited higher‑income households, rather than the intended first‑time, lower‑income buyers.The policy comprised two components: a taxpayer‑backed loan that reduced required deposits, and a mortgage guarantee scheme that covered part of lenders’ losses on high loan‑to‑value mortgages. Both applied to properties priced up to £600,000 and, by the 2014‑15 fiscal year, accounted for roughly one‑fifth of first‑time buyer transactions.Using a novel methodology that combined survey responses with local property price data, the IFS concluded that the bulk of the advantage accrued to wealthier purchasers—particularly those outside London and the south‑east, where homes are comparatively cheaper. These buyers were likely to secure a property eventually, even without the scheme.Bee Boileau, a research economist at the IFS and co‑author of the briefing, warned that while Help to Buy can theoretically assist newcomers onto the housing ladder, it also risks inflating prices and shifting loan risk onto the public sector. “Our research indicates that the Help to Buy schemes introduced in 2013 had the largest impact – in terms of making more homes affordable – on higher‑income households,” she said.The study notes that the mortgage guarantee scheme had “limited effects on affordability” because borrowers remained constrained by income‑based borrowing caps. Conversely, the loan scheme proved more influential for most households, yet its impact was muted by its restriction to new‑build properties.Both components appear to have had little effect on social mobility. Boileau suggested that future governments aiming to reduce inequality should target assistance at lower‑income families, acknowledging that such a shift would increase taxpayer exposure to loan risk.Critics have long argued that Help to Buy inflated house prices without expanding supply. A 2022 House of Lords built‑environment committee report echoed this view, recommending that funds be redirected toward increasing housing construction.The mortgage guarantee element was revived in 2021 and made permanent by the Labour government last year to preserve access to 95% mortgages. In response, Conservative housing secretary James Cleverly defended the legacy schemes, claiming they enabled “many thousands of people” to achieve homeownership, even as he warned that Labour policies were making the market harder for first‑time buyers.
#Help to Buy #Institute for Fiscal Studies #UK housing market
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Economy Apr 14, 2026

IMF Cuts UK Growth Forecast by 0.5% as Iran War Fuels Energy Shock, Reeves Confronts Fiscal Constraints

The IMF has lowered its 2024 growth projection for the United Kingdom by half a percentage point, c…
The International Monetary Fund has announced that the United Kingdom will grow 0.5 percentage points slower this year than it forecast in January, marking the steepest downgrade among the G7 economies. Against the backdrop of the escalating Iran war, the IMF warned that inflation is climbing toward 4% and that unemployment could hit its highest level in more than ten years, underscoring the widening economic strain on Britain. Labour Chancellor Rachel Reeves is set to attend the IMF and World Bank spring meetings in Washington, where she must navigate both the geopolitical fallout of a conflict not of the UK's making and a domestic fiscal squeeze. Even before the war, the UK entered the year with tepid growth, hampered by lingering tax uncertainties and a cost‑of‑living crisis that left households facing the highest inflation rates in the G7. IMF economic counsellor Pierre‑Olivier Gourinchas highlighted that the country's weak outlook is partly a “shadow effect” of its already sluggish growth, compounded by the war’s impact on global energy supplies—the biggest shock since the 1970s. The United Kingdom’s energy mix remains heavily dependent on gas, much of which is now imported at sharply higher market prices. As Gourinchas explained, higher gas costs are being passed through to wholesale energy prices, even though temporary household protections are in place. Reeves has signalled that her immediate priority at the IMF will be to advocate for de‑escalation of the Iran conflict. At the same time, she must contend with a public‑finance situation characterized by elevated debt and rising borrowing costs, limiting the government’s capacity to respond. Given the pressure on consumers and Labour’s lagging poll numbers ahead of the May local elections, the IMF expects the UK to roll out targeted emergency financial support in the short term. Looking further ahead, the fund urges Britain to insulate itself from future energy shocks by accelerating investment in renewable sources and fostering sustainable economic growth.
#IMF #United Kingdom #Rachel Reeves
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Business Apr 14, 2026

EU Steel Tariff Overhaul Threatens UK Exports as Quotas Slashed by Nearly Half

The EU will double steel tariffs and cut duty‑free quotas by 47% in July to curb cheap Chinese impo…
The European Union is set to implement a sweeping reform of steel import duties from July, doubling tariffs and halving duty‑free quotas in an effort to stem a surge of low‑priced Chinese steel. EU lawmakers approved the measures after late‑night negotiations, targeting a 47% reduction in quota allowances. While exact country allocations remain pending, the policy will apply to all non‑EEA members, leaving Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein exempt. EU Industry Commissioner Stéphane Séjourné hailed the deal as the "strongest ever" safeguard for European steel, framing it as a victory for domestic mills, workers and industrial sovereignty. European steel lobbyist Axel Eggert of Eurofer argued the steps will create space for EU producers to add 15 million extra tonnes of steel to meet local demand, thereby pulling the sector "back from the brink". Recent import data underscore the urgency: steel inflows rose to a record 9.9 million tonnes in the final quarter of 2025, up from 7.4 million tonnes a year earlier. The new regime will cap total EU steel imports at 18.7 million tonnes annually, with quotas to be negotiated across 28 product categories. For the United Kingdom, the timing is critical. The EU remains the UK's largest steel market, absorbing roughly 1.8 million tonnes of British steel each year—about 10% of the new quota. UK Steel, the industry body, warned that a failure to secure reciprocal quota access could cripple export flows. Britain is preparing its own counter‑measures, announcing a 50% tariff on third‑country steel imports from 1 July and a 60% cut to its own quotas, a stricter stance than the EU’s 47% reduction. Union representatives echo the alarm. The Community union described the EU quotas as an "existential threat" to British steel and urged the Labour government to guard against a potential "tide of diverted steel" entering the UK market. Both sides acknowledge the deep integration of their steel sectors. Eurofer’s deputy director Karl Tachelet called for preferential treatment for the UK, emphasizing that the two industries share a common interest in avoiding punitive measures. As negotiations unfold, the outcome will shape not only the future of European steel production but also the broader post‑Brexit trade relationship between the EU and the United Kingdom.
#tariffs #quotas #eurofer
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World Economy Apr 12, 2026

UK remote‑work tribunal claims tumble 13% in 2025 as labour market tightens

In 2025 the number of UK employment tribunal cases involving remote‑working fell for the first time…
The latest analysis by HR consultancy Hamilton Nash shows that 54 employment tribunals in England, Scotland and Wales cited remote‑working issues in 2025 – a 13% decline from the previous year and the first drop since the pandemic began.This marks the end of a six‑year upward trend during which tribunal filings related to remote work surged tenfold from the pre‑COVID baseline of 2019. The number of cases peaked at 62 in 2024 but fell sharply to just six in 2025.According to the Office for National Statistics, 28% of working‑age adults in Great Britain now operate in a hybrid model, splitting time between a traditional office and another location such as home. Yet many large employers, notably financial giants Goldman Sachs and JPMorgan Chase, have intensified return‑to‑office mandates, with some demanding five days a week on site.Employment experts attribute the unexpected dip to broader labour‑market dynamics. The UK unemployment rate rose to a near five‑year high of 5.2% in Q4 2025, while job vacancies have continued to fall, shifting bargaining power back toward employers. As Jim Moore, employee‑relations partner at Hamilton Nash, explains, “Top talent did vote with their feet for a while, but that has changed because of wider issues in the labour market and people saying: ‘I am going to stay put and keep my head down.’”Legislative changes may also be curbing tribunal filings. The amended Employment Relations Act, which introduced a right to request flexible working from day one of a new job in April 2024, appears to encourage employees to resolve disputes internally rather than through the courts.Moore warns that tribunal numbers represent “the tip of the iceberg,” noting that much workplace conflict never reaches a public hearing. Adding to employer confidence, a 2024 tribunal decision rejected a senior manager’s claim against the Financial Conduct Authority for the right to work entirely from home, a ruling that, according to Hill Dickinson partner Padma Tadi‑Booth, “may give some encouragement to employers” to tighten office‑attendance policies.Consequently, some firms are already planning to raise on‑site requirements, moving from two to three days a week or mandating a higher percentage of total working hours in the office.Nevertheless, the backlog of employment tribunals remains a significant hurdle. Over 500,000 cases were pending last year, and claimants can expect waits of up to three years for a hearing, potentially deterring future filings.
#working #employment #some
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World Economy Apr 11, 2026

Tories plan to reinstate two-child benefit cap to fund massive defence spending

The Conservative Party plans to reinstate the two-child benefit cap to fund a significant increase …
The Conservative Party has announced plans to reinstate the two-child benefit cap in order to fund a substantial increase in defence spending. According to Kemi Badenoch, the Tory leader, this move would support the largest peacetime programme of rearmament in the UK's history. The party aims to recruit 6,000 full-time soldiers and 14,000 reservists, marking the largest net increase in British troops since the Second World War.Badenoch criticised the current government's lack of readiness for war, citing recent global events. She emphasised the need for the UK to reassert itself as a global power and committed to increasing defence spending. The Tories claim they can raise £20bn towards this venture by reinstating the two-child benefit cap and reallocating funds earmarked for net zero projects.The announcement comes amid tensions with the US over the UK's involvement in the conflict with Iran. Badenoch expressed concern over Donald Trump's public criticism of UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer, highlighting the importance of maintaining western bonds in the face of global threats.The Labour government has pledged to spend 2.5% of GDP on defence by 2027, increasing to 3% in the next parliament. However, they are under pressure to publish a defence spending plan, with reports of tensions between the Ministry of Defence and the Treasury.
#defence #badenoch #our
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World Economy Apr 09, 2026

OpenAI Puts UK AI Investment on Hold Citing High Energy Costs

OpenAI has put on hold its plans for a landmark UK investment, Stargate UK, citing high energy cost…
OpenAI has put on hold plans for a landmark UK investment, Stargate UK, citing high energy costs and regulation, in a blow to the government which has put AI at the centre of its growth strategy.The Stargate project was part of the UK-US AI deal announced last September, in which US companies appeared to commit £31bn to the UK’s tech sector. The project aimed to support Britain in building out “sovereign compute” – infrastructure that would allow the government and other UK institutions to run AI models on datacentres in the country.Victoria Collins MP, the Liberal Democrat spokesperson for science, innovation and technology, said: “This is a wake-up call for the government to manage energy costs in the UK and foundation infrastructure.”The Labour MP Clive Lewis said: “When a government has no economic strategy worthy of the name and no real industrial vision, it becomes vulnerable.”An OpenAI spokesperson said: “We see huge potential for the UK’s AI future, and we support the government’s ambition to be an AI leader. We continue to explore Stargate UK.”High energy costs, rising further because of the US-Israel war on Iran, are expected to delay or derail AI datacentre projects worldwide. The UK’s industrial electricity prices were already the highest in Europe before the start of the war.
#openai #government #stargate
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World Economy Apr 09, 2026

UK Abolishes Two‑Child Benefit Cap, Aiming to Lift 450,000 Children Out of Poverty

The UK government has repealed the two‑child benefit limit, a policy introduced by former Chancello…
The two‑child benefit cap, introduced in 2015 by Chancellor George Osborne as a fairness measure, has been widely criticised for penalising families rather than influencing birth rates. Eleven years on, evidence shows the policy did not reduce family size but instead increased hardship for the poorest households.Research estimates that the cap pushed 350,000 children into poverty and drove another 700,000 deeper into deprivation. The impact fell disproportionately on the most vulnerable universal‑credit claimants, with a notable over‑representation of Muslim and Jewish families. Affected children missed out on school uniforms, extracurricular activities, and even regular meals.On Monday, the government announced the cap’s removal – a move that analysts say could deliver the most significant reduction in child poverty seen in a single parliamentary term. Modelling suggests that by 2030 450,000 children could be lifted out of poverty, while roughly 480,000 families may see an annual boost of £4,100. Parents anticipate being able to avoid food banks, afford hot school meals, and prevent bullying linked to clothing.The reversal was not inevitable. Persistent campaigning by think‑tanks, charities, and a handful of rebellious Labour MPs – some of whom faced suspension for defying party whips – forced the issue onto the political agenda. Nevertheless, the editorial notes that an estimated four million children will remain in poverty without further systemic reforms, such as raising Universal Credit rates and increasing local housing allowances.Public opinion remains divided: a recent YouGov poll found that six in ten Britons previously supported keeping the cap, though support for removal rose when the policy was framed as giving every child a good start. The editorial warns that other parties, including Reform UK, have pledged to reinstate the limit, underscoring the need for Labour to consolidate this victory and push for broader anti‑poverty measures.
#children #when #child
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Politics Apr 09, 2026

UK urged to withdraw Israel trade agreement amid Gaza conflict

Zack Polanski, leader of the Green Party, has called on the UK government to withdraw its trade agr…
Zack Polanski, the leader of the Green Party, has made a strong call to action for the UK government to withdraw its trade agreement with Israel in light of the recent Israeli strikes on Lebanon. Polanski expressed his concerns about Israel's actions, accusing them of 'behaving in a completely uncontrolled way.'During the launch of the Green party's local election campaign in London, Polanski urged the government to take a firmer stance against Israel, stating that it is 'outrageous that Israel is still enjoying diplomatic and trade privileges from the international community.' He emphasized the need for robust sanctions against Israel and an end to the 'genocide.'Polanski also criticized the UK government's claim of not being involved in the conflict with Iran, arguing that its bases had been used to aid US bombers attacking Iran. He called for the disentanglement of UK and US military operations and a ban on the US using UK airspace.When asked about the economic implications of ending the trade deal with Israel, Polanski prioritized human lives over financial concerns, stating that the UK should not put 'a cost on people's lives.'In addition to his comments on Israel, Polanski criticized Labour's housing policies, arguing that Green-run councils would focus on building new council houses and 'stand up' to property developers who resist building affordable homes. He accused Labour councils of building 'luxury, unaffordable buildings that no one's ever going to live in.'Labour responded by accusing Green party councillors of trying to block 42,000 homes across the country since 2018 and said they were not delivering social rented housing in areas where they were in power.
#United Kingdom #Israel #Green Party
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