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The UK government is facing pressure to increase its military budget to ensure national security during a period of global volatility. A Treasury minister has argued that balancing welfare and defence spending is not a zero-sum game, suggesting that it is possible to increase investment in both areas.James Murray, the chancellor's deputy, stated that the government is committed to the biggest sustained increase in defence investments since the cold war. However, he did not provide a timeline for the publication of the delayed defence investment plan.Former defence secretary and head of Nato, George Robertson, has accused the Treasury of 'vandalism' for not sufficiently boosting the armed forces. He suggested that defence should be prioritized over welfare spending, warning that the UK cannot defend itself with an ever-expanding welfare budget.The government has committed to reaching 2.5% of GDP on defence from April next year and 3% in the next parliament. However, military chiefs believe there is still a £28bn shortfall after years of the armed forces being hollowed out by successive administrations.Murray countered Robertson's views, stating that the welfare system is not a fixed entity and includes targeted measures like the removal of the two-child benefit cap, which helps hundreds of thousands of children out of poverty.The debate over public spending cuts to fund defence has sparked an angry reaction on the left, with veteran MP Diane Abbott accusing Robertson of prioritizing 'guns over butter' and warning that such an approach could cost Labour votes.

In a move that has sparked widespread criticism, the Canadian government is pressing ahead with planned cuts to the Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP), which provides basic health coverage to refugees, asylum claimants, and others not covered by other healthcare programmes in Canada. The changes, announced in late January and set to come into effect on May 1, will require people receiving IFHP coverage to pay $4 per eligible prescription medication and 30 percent of the cost of supplemental services such as dental and vision care, and counselling.Critics argue that these co-payments can be prohibitively expensive for newcomers struggling to rebuild their lives in Canada amid soaring costs. Doctors and refugee rights advocates warn that the cuts could lead to increased suffering and expenditures in the long run, as vulnerable individuals may be deterred from seeking necessary care.“We want to make sure that we have a universal healthcare system, and we also don’t want a system that punches down against vulnerable people and migrants,” Dr. Ritika Goel, a Toronto-based family doctor, told Al Jazeera at a rally in downtown Toronto. “We want to support a system that provides care to everyone.”The Canadian government claims that the changes will help manage growing demand and keep the IFHP sustainable over the long term. However, the Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer projects that the cost of the IFHP will continue to grow at an average of 11.2 percent annually through 2030.The cuts have drawn comparisons to a similar move in 2012, when then-Prime Minister Stephen Harper made cuts to the IFHP, prompting widespread protests and a legal challenge. In 2014, the Federal Court of Canada ruled that the curbs amounted to “cruel and unusual” treatment and violated the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Spain's government has approved an ambitious amnesty program aimed at granting legal status to an estimated 500,000 undocumented immigrants. This move, passed by Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez's administration, is set to open the application process on April 16. By taking this step, Spain diverges from the trend in Europe and other parts of the world where anti-immigration sentiments are on the rise.The decree, which amends immigration laws, was fast-tracked to bypass parliament, where Sanchez's left-wing government lacks a majority. This measure had previously failed to gain approval from lawmakers. Under the plan, eligible migrants can seek a one-year residency and work permit if they meet certain conditions, such as arriving in Spain before January 1, living in the country for at least five months, and having no criminal record.Migration Minister Elma Saiz announced that applications can be submitted online starting Thursday and in person from April 20, with the window closing on June 30. After a year, those granted the temporary measure will be eligible to apply for other work or residency permits. Sanchez described the move as “an act of justice and a necessity”, emphasizing the demographic challenges Spain faces with an ageing society.The opposition, led by Alberto Nez Feijo of the People's Party, criticized the move as “inhumane, unfair, unsafe, and unsustainable”. However, it's worth noting that the centre-right party itself carried out mass legalizations of migrants in the early 2000s when it was in power. The government estimates that around half a million people could be eligible, though analysts suggest the figure might be higher.A union representing immigration officers has demanded more resources, warning that the government is unprepared for the challenge. Sanchez argued that “without new people working and contributing … prosperity slows”, highlighting that migrants have been crucial to Spain's economic growth, which is currently the fastest in Europe.

Canada's Prime Minister Mark Carney has secured a parliamentary majority for his centrist Liberal government, strengthening his hold on power and allowing him to advance his agenda without relying on opposition support.The Liberals now hold 174 seats in the 343-seat House of Commons of Canada after winning key by-elections in three ridings, or electoral districts, on Monday.In a statement following the victory, Carney signalled that affordability and the economy would remain his central priorities. He added that voters had “placed their trust” in his government.“We accept their support with humility, determination, and a clear understanding of what this moment demands for our country,” Carney said on Tuesday.He also announced that Canada will suspend the federal fuel excise tax on petrol and diesel from April 20 to September 7 to help consumers cope with rising prices. The move, Carney explained, is expected to cut petrol prices by about 10 cents Canadian (US$0.07) a litre and diesel costs by four cents (US$0.03).Analysts say the Liberal majority reflects voter concerns about the economy. A former governor of the Bank of Canada and the Bank of England, Carney is seen as more fiscally savvy than his predecessors.“He is focused on helping Canada survive the economic turmoil, not remaking society,” said Laura Stephenson, chair of the political science department at the University of Western Ontario. “When we’re in tough times like this, there are different calculations being made.”

President Donald Trump asserted that a diplomatic path remains open for Tehran, even as the United States enforces a naval blockade of Iranian ports and Israel deepens its ground offensive in southern Lebanon. Iran’s leadership denounced the blockade as "piracy" and thousands gathered in Tehran to demonstrate against the restriction on maritime traffic through the strategic Strait of Hormuz. The Associated Press reported that diplomatic channels are still active; Pakistan has volunteered to host a second round of negotiations in Islamabad later this week. US blockade and protests: The enforcement of the maritime restrictions has provoked Iranian accusations of illegal action and sparked street protests in the capital. Tehran’s legal stance: Iran’s armed forces labeled the blockade unlawful, warning that targeting its ports could jeopardize broader Gulf shipping. IRGC warning: A Revolutionary Guard spokesperson hinted that Iran retains "unused capabilities" and may adopt new tactics if the confrontation escalates. Parliamentary support for the Pope: Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf praised Pope Leo XIV’s condemnation of the war, describing it as courageous. Russian nuclear staff pull‑out: Moscow has withdrawn most of its personnel from Iran’s sole nuclear power plant, a project built with Russian assistance. Qatar’s mediation call: Foreign Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani urged both Washington and Tehran to engage constructively in mediation. Pakistan’s ceasefire assessment: Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif said the US‑Iran truce is holding, even as weekend talks failed to produce a breakthrough. Shipping disruption: A UN spokesperson warned that there is no military solution and noted that roughly 20,000 vessels are stranded, straining global supply chains, especially for fertiliser. UK push for Lebanese inclusion: London advocated adding Lebanon to the US‑Iran ceasefire framework, which currently omits Hezbollah‑related fighting. US‑Lebanon diplomatic talks: Israeli and Lebanese ambassadors are slated to meet in Washington to discuss halting hostilities. Hezbollah’s rejection: Leader Naim Qassem urged Lebanon to cancel the planned Washington meeting, reaffirming the group’s opposition to any direct dialogue with Israel. Russia’s uranium offer: The Kremlin reiterated its willingness to accept Iran’s enriched uranium as part of a broader US‑Iran settlement, echoing President Vladimir Putin’s statements. Trump on Iranian outreach: The former president claimed Iranian officials have expressed a strong desire to negotiate, though he did not identify the interlocutors. Trump’s stance on the Pope: He dismissed criticism of Pope Leo XIV as unwarranted, labeling the pontiff "weak" on key issues, including Iran. Threat to Iranian vessels: Trump warned that U.S. forces will neutralise any Iranian fast‑attack ships that approach the blockade zone. Domestic political pressure: Senate Democrats, led by Chuck Schumer, are pushing for a new vote to limit the president’s war‑making powers, citing rising U.S. fuel prices. Protester arrests in New York: Approximately 90 demonstrators, including whistleblower Chelsea Manning and actor Hari Nef, were detained during a Manhattan traffic‑stop protest against the war and U.S. arms sales to Israel. Israel’s buffer‑zone push: Israeli forces continue ground and air operations in southern Lebanon, razing structures in border towns such as Naqoura to create a security buffer. Hezbollah retaliation: The group has intensified rocket and drone attacks on Israeli positions in locations like Bint Jbeil and Biyyada. Accusations of a "Greater Israel": Hezbollah chief Hassan Qassem accused Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of pursuing an expansionist agenda backed by the United States. Diplomatic tension with Italy: Israel summoned the Italian ambassador after Italy’s foreign minister condemned Israeli attacks on Beirut as "unacceptable". Casualties in Lebanon: Israeli operations have raised the death toll in southern Lebanon since March 2 to at least 2,089, including a recent drone strike that killed two civilians near Nabatieh. Public opinion in Lebanon: Lebanese citizens are divided, with some weary of the conflict and hopeful for diplomacy, while others distrust Israel’s intentions. Canadian casualty: Canada’s foreign minister confirmed that a Canadian national died in southern Lebanon, though details remain scarce. Energy implications: Reuters reported that a Chinese‑owned tanker, sanctioned by the United States, successfully navigated the Strait of Hormuz despite the blockade, underscoring the challenges of enforcement. Oil market outlook: U.S. Energy Secretary Chris Wright warned that oil prices could keep climbing until "meaningful ship traffic" resumes through the strait.

The UK government has unveiled a significant investment in England's cultural sector, with over 100 venues set to share a £130m funding package under the Arts Everywhere scheme. This initiative is part of a broader £1.5bn package aimed at supporting cultural infrastructure projects throughout the current parliament. The funding will be administered by Arts Council England on behalf of the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. It comprises three main funds: the Creative Foundations Fund (£96m for 74 arts and cultural venues), the Museum Estate and Development Fund (£28m for 28 museums), and the Libraries Improvement Fund (£6.3m for 28 library services). Beneficiaries of the funding include the Lowry Centre in Salford, which will receive £8.5m to upgrade critical infrastructure such as replacing escalators with new lifts and providing step-free access to galleries. The Royal Shakespeare Company in Warwickshire and the Hexagon in Reading are also among the recipients. Culture Secretary Lisa Nandy emphasized the importance of local arts, museums, and libraries in bringing communities together and reflecting the country's identity. She stated, 'Arts and culture aren’t a luxury for a privileged few. They are for everyone, everywhere.' The funding package represents a significant injection into a sector that has faced challenges in recent years. Arts Council England chair Nicholas Serota noted that the investment will help organizations secure their futures and continue to provide access to excellent art and culture. This investment follows a previously announced £270m and is part of a broader effort to repair the UK's cultural infrastructure. It marks one of the biggest resets in the arts for a generation, particularly after ACE funding was cut by 30% in 2010.

The US naval blockade of Iranian ports in the Gulf has taken effect, marking a significant escalation in the ongoing conflict between the US-Israeli coalition and Iran. The blockade, which began on Monday at 5:30 pm Iranian time, applies to any ships entering or departing Iranian ports or coastal areas.US Central Command (Centcom) did not make a formal announcement, but the move is seen as a test of economic endurance for both nations. The blockade aims to restrict Iran's oil exports and imports, potentially costing the country approximately $276 million a day in lost exports and disrupting $159 million a day in imports, according to Miad Maleki, a former US treasury official.Iran has warned that the blockade will lead to higher petrol prices, which could impact ordinary Americans. The country's parliamentary speaker, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, taunted the US, saying Americans would soon be nostalgic for $4-$5 gas. The current average petrol price in the US is $4.13 a gallon, up from $2.98 before the conflict began.The conflict has also drawn in other nations, with France planning to organize a conference to create a multinational mission to restore navigation in the Strait of Hormuz. However, Germany, Spain, Italy, Poland, and Greece have ruled out sending naval forces to support the blockade. The UK has also stated that it does not support the blockade and will not be drawn into the war.The situation remains volatile, with Iran threatening to retaliate if its ports are threatened, and the US warning that any Iranian attack boats approaching the US flotilla will be "immediately eliminated". The conflict has also sparked a war of words between US President Donald Trump and Pope Leo XIV, with the pope condemning the use of religious language to justify the war in Iran.

Benin’s presidential contest is tilting decisively toward the incumbent government’s nominee, Romuald Wadagni, after his only challenger, Paul Hounkpe of the Cowry Forces for an Emerging Benin party, publicly acknowledged defeat on national television. Hounkpe’s concession, aired on Monday, included a call for “republican congratulations” and a reminder that democratic health depends on mutual respect across partisan lines, as reported by AFP. Currently serving as foreign minister, Wadagni is the designated successor of President Patrice Talon, who is stepping down after two consecutive five‑year terms. The election follows a turbulent period marked by a foiled coup in late 2025, which was suppressed with the aid of Nigerian forces. Out of an electorate of nearly 8 million eligible voters, early voting proceeded at a modest pace, according to Al Jazeera correspondent Ahmed Idris reporting from Cotonou. Hounkpe’s campaign highlighted that despite a robust 7.5% GDP growth in 2024, the benefits have not sufficiently improved living standards, pointing to persistent poverty rates exceeding 30% and limited trickle‑down of economic gains. In contrast, Wadagni pledged to focus on essential services such as water access, expanded social security, and improved healthcare, positioning himself as a continuity candidate for the ruling coalition. The finance minister, who previously led the polls, was widely expected to prevail after the main opposition party, the Democrats, failed to nominate a candidate and declined to endorse Hounkpe. The Democrats also fell short of the 20% threshold needed for parliamentary representation in the January 2026 elections, securing only about 16% of the vote. Security concerns loom large for the incoming administration. The northern region continues to grapple with insurgent activity from the al‑Qaeda affiliate Jama’at Nusrat al‑Islam wal‑Muslimin (JNIM), which has inflicted heavy casualties on the military, including an attack last year that killed 54 soldiers and another incident in March that claimed 15 lives. These challenges are compounded by broader instability across the Sahel, where a succession of coups in neighboring states such as Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali has heightened regional volatility. While Wadagni’s ascent promises policy continuity, the new president will need to address both the security vacuum in the north and the socioeconomic gap that leaves a third of Benin’s population in poverty despite recent economic growth.

High-level talks between the United States and Iran ended without an agreement in Islamabad, Pakistan, on Sunday. The breakdown leaves a fragile two-week ceasefire as the only barrier between diplomacy and a return to war. Pakistan, which played a key role in bringing both sides to the negotiating table, remains committed to facilitating further dialogue.The talks, the highest-level direct engagement between Washington and Tehran since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, stalled over differences surrounding Iran's nuclear program. The US insisted on a commitment from Iran that it would not seek a nuclear weapon, while Iran's Foreign Minister, Abbas Araghchi, accused the US of 'maximalism' and shifting demands.Despite the setback, Pakistan's Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, Ishaq Dar, emphasized that Pakistan will continue to play a role in facilitating engagements and dialogue between the two nations. Iranian officials, including Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, also expressed optimism about the potential for future talks.The immediate threat to the ceasefire comes from the evolving situation in the Strait of Hormuz and Lebanon. Iran has warned that continued Israeli strikes on Lebanon could render negotiations meaningless, while the US has announced a blockade in the Strait of Hormuz, which Iran controls and uses as a key negotiating lever.Analysts say Pakistan's role is crucial in preventing a prolonged conflict, but its economic fragility and limited leverage constrain its ability to impose outcomes. Pakistan's Prime Minister, Shehbaz Sharif, and Chief of Army Staff, Field Marshal Asim Munir, have been praised by both Trump and Iranian officials for their efforts to secure the ceasefire and host the talks in Islamabad.