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Pakistan's attempts to facilitate peace talks between Iran and the US are encountering substantial obstacles. The intensification of Israeli bombing campaigns on civilian targets in Iran and an expanding US military presence in the Gulf region are casting a shadow over these efforts.Pakistan, maintaining relative neutrality with good relations with both Iran and the US, had hoped to provide a venue for negotiations. However, the conflict is widening, trust is scarce, and the stated positions of Tehran and Washington are far apart. Pakistani officials believe Israel's actions pose a significant risk to any potential talks, particularly given recent attacks on civilian nuclear sites and steel plants.Iran's core concerns include ensuring an end to the war and preventing future attacks by the US and Israel. Former Pakistani ambassador to the US, Maleeha Lodhi, expressed skepticism about US President Donald Trump's reliability, citing his unpredictable nature.Despite these challenges, Pakistan continues its diplomatic efforts. The country's prime minister, Shehbaz Sharif, has been in communication with Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, and foreign ministers from Turkey, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan are set to hold talks in Islamabad to discuss ending the conflict.The situation remains complex, with US troop buildup suggesting that peace talks may not align with US plans. Iran has expressed distrust towards previous US interlocutors, but there is consideration for US Vice-President JD Vance to represent the US in talks, an idea supported by Iran.

The UK's food self-sufficiency has been on a downward trend, falling from 78% in 1984 to 62% in 2024. This decline is largely attributed to the loss of farmland to non-farming uses such as buildings, roads, and conservation schemes. To address this issue, experts suggest that increasing food production on UK farms is crucial. However, promoting a more plant-based diet, while beneficial for health and environmental reasons, may not necessarily use fewer resources than traditional livestock farming. Beef cattle and sheep are often raised on extensively managed grasslands and mountain heath, which account for 38% of the UK's land area. This land receives minimal fertilizer and chemicals, and the animals are primarily fed on grazed and conserved grass. To improve food security, individuals can make a difference by making informed choices when shopping and cooking. Opting for local, organic, animal-friendly, and fairtrade products can contribute to a more sustainable food system. Additionally, growing one's own food, using seasonal products, and supporting local ventures can also help. Experts emphasize that it is essential to utilize the UK's existing food production resources efficiently, rather than wasting them on unsustainable practices. By adopting a more sustainable approach to food production and consumption, the UK can work towards a more secure food future.

Danish cyclist Jonas Vingegaard has made an impressive start to the season, securing a dominant victory at the Volta a Catalunya. He led the general classification by 1 minute and 22 seconds over France's Lenny Martinez and a further eight seconds ahead of Germany's Florian Lipowitz. In a surprising turn of events on the final stage, Brady Gilmore of the NSN team, backed by retired football star Andrés Iniesta, claimed a stunning stage seven victory. Gilmore edged out Dorian Godon and Remco Evenepoel in a thrilling bunch sprint finale. The 95km final stage featured seven circuits of Montjuïc in Barcelona, a venue that will host the Tour de France start in July. Vingegaard, the pre-race favorite, asserted his dominance with solo victories in stages five and six in the Pyrenees. Earlier this month, he also won two stages and the overall title at Paris-Nice. The Dane is planning a challenging double assault on the Giro d'Italia and Tour de France later in the year. 'We won two stages and now the GC, it's been a really good week and we're super happy with it,' Vingegaard said. 'It's been an amazing start to the year for me and I hope I can keep it going.' Meanwhile, in the In Flanders Fields one-day cobbled classic race in Belgium, Jasper Philipsen secured victory after a breakaway effort by Mathieu van der Poel and Wout van Aert was caught just a kilometer from the finish. Philipsen out-sprinted Tobias Lund Andresen and Christophe Laporte for the win.

Robert F Kennedy Jr, the US health secretary, has unveiled a chaotic and unpredictable agenda for public health policy under his 'Make America Healthy Again' (Maha) initiative. His approach tends to favor personal choice and autonomy over large-scale, mandatory public health interventions, such as childhood vaccine requirements.The Maha agenda has raised concerns over the potential risks associated with injectable peptide drugs. Mr. Kennedy plans to open up the sale of 'about 14' of these drugs to the public, despite the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) restricting 17 peptides in 2023 due to 'potential significant safety risks'. None of these peptides have been proven to be safe or effective for human use.The peptides in question are often promoted for biological enhancement, such as increasing muscle mass or cognitive benefits, but the evidence for these effects in humans is thin. Reports of people self-administering peptide therapies, usually bought from China 'for research use only', are widespread, particularly in Silicon Valley.The Maha project wants to make the grey market the only market, effectively sanctioning mass public use of unproven treatments. Peptides are clearly drugs and shouldn’t be allowed for widespread use without rigorous clinical trials. Opening loopholes for sale would undermine the precautionary principle that has successfully led public health policy for generations.It is also worth noting that other governments are unlikely to be as cavalier as Mr. Kennedy about peptides. However, people everywhere will continue to call for more personal choice and more bodily autonomy, and those conversations are important. The case for safety, proof, and regulation must be made to ensure that public health policy prioritizes the well-being of individuals.

The ongoing conflict in Iran has caused significant turmoil in the global oil markets, with Brent crude oil prices climbing 51% since the start of March, according to LSEG data. This surge has put Brent crude on track for its biggest monthly gain on record, surpassing the previous record of 46% set in September 1990 during the first Gulf War.On Friday, Brent crude closed at $112.57 a barrel, up from $72.48 a barrel on February 27, the day before the US-Israeli war on Iran began. The price of Brent crude traded as high as $119.50 a barrel during March, its highest level since June 2022, after Iran largely closed the Strait of Hormuz, a critical passage for a fifth of global oil and gas.Despite a coordinated release of 400m barrels of oil from emergency reserves announced on March 11, oil prices continued to climb throughout the month. Analysts at BloombergNEF estimate that 9m barrels of oil per day have been knocked off global oil supply due to the Middle East conflict.The conflict has also had a ripple effect on other assets, with gold prices falling by almost 15% since the start of March, on track for its worst month since 2008. The spot price of gold has been under pressure from the sale of about $3bn of bullion by the Turkish Central Bank last week, which cut its reserves by almost 50 tonnes to 772 tonnes to fund efforts to stabilize the Turkish lira.The Dow Jones industrial average has also been impacted, entering a correction at the end of last week, more than 10% below its record high. Stocks fell despite US President Donald Trump's latest extension on planned strikes against Iran's energy infrastructure, as investors anticipated prolonged disruption to oil from the Gulf.“Markets appear to be placing less weight on White House jawboning and focusing more on the underlying supply risks,” said Fawad Razaqzada, an analyst at City Index. Britain's stock market also had a poor month, with the FTSE 100 index falling more than 8% – on track for its worst month since March 2020, when Covid-19 rocked financial markets.

Véron Mosengo-Omba, the general secretary of the Confederation of African Football (Caf), has resigned after repeated calls for his removal and at a turbulent time for African football. His departure comes amid a crisis of confidence in the organisation's leadership, largely due to the decision to strip Senegal of the Africa Cup of Nations (Afcon) title and allegations of corruption.Mosengo-Omba, 66, said he was retiring but his exit follows a period of intense criticism of his tenure, including accusations of creating a toxic workplace culture at Caf. An investigation into staff complaints had previously cleared him of wrongdoing. He is of Congolese origin but a Swiss citizen and a former Fifa employee.In a statement, Mosengo-Omba said: 'After over 30 years of an international professional career dedicated to promoting an ideal form of football that brings people together, educates, and creates opportunities for hope, I have decided to step down from my position as secretary general of Caf to devote myself to more personal projects.'He expressed gratitude to Caf's president, Dr Patrice Motsepe, and his teams, and hoped that the progress made during his tenure would 'last and be sustained'. Mosengo-Omba is expected to run for the post of president of the Democratic Republic of Congo's football federation.The controversy surrounding Caf's leadership has led to Senegal's government calling for an international investigation into the organisation. Caf's competitions director, Samson Adamu, will take over as acting general secretary.Earlier this month, Motsepe admitted that Caf was struggling with questions over its integrity. The organisation is set to expand the Africa Cup of Nations to 28 teams from 24, with plans to introduce a Nations League annually from 2029.

UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer has expressed strong support for curbing addictive social media features that target children, stating that the government 'will have to act' to regulate these features. In an interview with the Sunday Mirror, Starmer emphasized that these features 'shouldn’t be permitted' and that the government is committed to taking action.The government's education secretary, Bridget Phillipson, also weighed in on the issue, stating that social media platforms are 'designed to keep you there' and that the government will closely examine how to tackle addictive features. The comments come amid a growing debate about the impact of social media on children's mental health and wellbeing.The UK government's consultation on social media regulation has garnered significant attention, with nearly 30,000 parents and children responding to the digital wellbeing consultation. The government is considering a range of options, including a ban on social media for under-16s, which has already been enacted in Australia.The move comes after a US court ruling found Meta and Google liable for a woman's childhood social media addiction, awarding $6m in damages. The companies plan to appeal the decision. The UK government's consultation will also examine the use of addictive algorithms and algorithmically driven content on social media platforms.As part of the consultation, hundreds of UK teenagers will trial social media bans, digital curfews, and time limits on apps as part of a government pilot. The government aims to introduce significant changes to regulate social media and protect children online.

The childcare system in England is failing to meet its social purpose, with 75,000 childminders lost since the 1990s. While nurseries are often touted as the default childcare solution, they tend to concentrate in wealthier areas, leaving low-income families with limited options.Childminders, on the other hand, can operate in any neighborhood and provide flexible, wraparound care that suits parents working shifts. They have lower overheads and can be a more affordable option in deprived areas. However, without a plan to rebuild this vital workforce, children who need early years care the most will struggle to access it.The article argues that childminders are a crucial part of the solution to England's childcare crisis, but they have been overlooked in discussions about early years care. By supporting childminders, policymakers can help ensure that disadvantaged children receive the care they need to thrive.

While birdwatching is a well-known hobby, moth-watching is gaining popularity as a fascinating and misunderstood pursuit. A recent study on birdwatching found that becoming an expert birder causes changes to the brain that may help protect against age-related cognitive decline. The study, led by Erik Wing, discovered that expert birders show more activity in brain regions linked to visual processing, attention, and working memory when identifying difficult species. The author, a self-proclaimed moth enthusiast, argues that moths are orders of magnitude more difficult to distinguish than birds, with over 2,500 species in the UK alone. The author participates in the Garden Moth Scheme, a citizen science project that has been running since 2008, and has found that moths play a vital role in the natural world, pollinating plants, providing food for wildlife, and contributing to nutrient cycling. Despite their importance, moths are often misunderstood and maligned, with many people viewing them as pests. However, the author highlights the beauty and diversity of moths, with some species having intricate patterns and colors that rival those of butterflies. The author also notes that moths are harbingers of environmental change, with many species declining in abundance due to habitat loss and climate change. The Garden Moth Scheme has revealed a troubling trend of declining moth populations, with half of UK garden moth species showing a decrease in abundance. This decline has significant implications for the balance of the natural world. The author concludes that moth-watching, like birdwatching, can be a mindful and rewarding hobby that not only promotes appreciation for nature but also supports brain health.