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The Lead: AI Film Breakthrough at TribecaNext week, a groundbreaking 75-minute drama about the brutal crackdown in Iran on anti-government protesters will premiere at the Tribeca film festival in New York. Titled Dreams of Violets, this film represents a historic milestone as the first fully AI-generated live action feature accepted at a major film festival. Directed by Iranian-British filmmaker Ash Koosha, the project was completed in less than six months at a cost of under $2,000—dramatically less than traditional production methods would require.The Technical Breakthrough: AI as a Creative ToolEvery image and character in Dreams of Violets is AI-generated, with Koosha creating characters by describing their physical appearances using people he has known as references. The director explains that using AI was necessary for security reasons: "Because of the security issue, it would not be safe for the characters to even remotely resemble someone" in Iran. While the script wasn't AI-generated, Koosha used the chatbot Claude to improve language and structure his thoughts. The director emphasizes that AI allows filmmakers to "multiply your imagination until something hits the right spot," as they can change direction at any point without costly reshoots.The Financial Impact: Democratizing Film ProductionThe economic implications of AI filmmaking are profound. Koosha states that Dreams of Violets would be "100% impossible" to bring to screen traditionally, noting that "If you wanted to do it in CGI, it would cost millions." This dramatic cost reduction—under $2,000 versus potentially millions—removes significant barriers for independent filmmakers. The director also highlights how AI enables rapid production, allowing films to be made "at the speed of news itself," which would be impossible with traditional methods requiring years of development and financing.The Industry Transformation: Shifting Power in FilmmakingKoosha sees AI as a democratizing force in the film industry, potentially leveling the playing field between independent and studio filmmakers. "An indie film-maker mind is often a lot more fresh and creative than an industrial film-maker mind," he argues. "In my view most stories that are told with $100m should be told through the lens of an indie film-maker." This technological shift could create a "new space" separate from traditional filmmaking, allowing emerging talents to create compelling content without needing to prove themselves to established gatekeepers.The Future Outlook: AI's Expanding Role in CinemaThe film industry is beginning to grapple with AI's potential. While some directors like Steven Soderbergh and Gareth Edwards embrace AI as a "genius" tool, others like Guillermo del Toro reject it outright. Koosha himself takes a measured approach: "I'm not selling AI. I'm just trying to use a tool to tell a story." Looking ahead, he plans to create characters using actual people's faces, with actors potentially taking a share in the financial gain through licensing. As AI technology continues to evolve, we may see more filmmakers using it to create "impossible movies"—ambitious projects that would require budgets of "$300m" and "doesn't happen on this planet" through traditional means.

The Future of Warfare: AI-Powered Drones Should the AI-powered drones of the future have a licence to kill? The question is becoming ever more pressing as governments and the defence industry acknowledge that drone systems will play an increasingly crucial role in future warfare. The Moral Dilemma of Autonomous Weapons With drones being deployed in huge numbers in the Ukraine war and AI being used to assist bombing missions in the Iran conflict, there is an expectation among some observers that weapons will have to operate with increased operational autonomy, which means they will need something approximating a moral framework. Expert Opinions on AI and Morality Last year Mustafa Suleyman, chief executive of Microsoft’s AI arm and a co-founder of the UK-based DeepMind, was unequivocal about the issue of machines making moral decisions. He said: “AIs cannot be people – or moral beings.” David Omand, the former head of the UK spy agency, GCHQ, believes AI can create a “moral” configuration for unmanned weapons. The UK armed forces minister, Al Carns, told the Financial Times recently there must be an option to “take the human out of the loop” in decision-making. The Challenges of Programming Morality Zee Talat, an academic specialising in machine learning at the University of Edinburgh’s school of informatics, argues that large language models – the technology that underpins modern generative AI systems such as chatbots – are fundamentally incapable of moral decision-making. “If you have a machine that’s probabilistic by nature it will veer towards the most likely answer in a situation. Do we think that morality follows probabilistic notions?” The Debate on Autonomous Weapons Governance Jessica Dorsey, an assistant professor of international law at Utrecht University in the Netherlands, raises concerns about determining whose morality the drone is following, given the United Nations is still trying to achieve a global consensus on autonomous weapons governance. “War is filled with so many variables and it is a given that things will go wrong. And when that happens at AI-like speed, it is difficult to unravel.” The Future of AI-Powered Drones Some experts argue that giving drones greater autonomy, and programming rules of engagement and morality into them, will be a necessity if other nation states continue to develop and deploy similar technology at pace. Nicholas Wright, a neuroscientist and author of Warhead, a book on the human brain and war, says: “For any military to compete effectively against other high-end militaries it is going to need a large amount of systems that will be required to take decisions on their own.” Olaf Hichwa, the co-founder of Neros, a US drone startup, believes that drones will not replace human decision-makers, but enhance the abilities of their human pilots.

The Play’s Journey from Cardiff to a Welsh‑Language FilmThe original one‑woman play Iphigenia in Splott debuted in 2015 at Cardiff's Sherman Theatre, portraying a modern Effie drinking vodka in a dressing gown amid austerity‑driven hardship. Eleven years later, writer Gary Owen and director Marc Evans have transformed the work into the film Effi o Blaenau, shifting the setting from Cardiff to the slate‑mining town of Blaenau Ffestiniog and filming entirely in Welsh. Numbers Behind the Revival: Dates, Reviews and Anticipated ReachOriginal stage debut: 2015Guardian five‑star stage review: 2022Film release announced: 2026Production backed by S4C and producer Branwen Cennard What the Success Means for Welsh‑Language StorytellingThe film’s commitment to Welsh dialogue, subtitles, and a largely female crew underscores a deliberate push for authentic regional voices. Owen notes that austerity remains “normality,” and the film’s gritty portrayal of post‑industrial life resonates with audiences still feeling the impact of public‑service cuts. Casting challenges highlighted a shrinking pool of working‑class talent, prompting the team to prioritize gender‑balanced hiring on set. Looking Ahead: Future of Regional AdaptationsWith *Effi o Blaenau* gaining critical buzz, industry observers anticipate more Welsh‑language adaptations of contemporary theatre, especially those that can translate local socio‑economic themes to broader markets. The film’s success could encourage broadcasters like S4C to fund similar projects, fostering a new wave of culturally specific cinema that reaches both Welsh‑speaking audiences and international viewers through subtitles.

The tiny West African archipelago has earned a place at the 2026 FIFA World Cup, joining Spain, Uruguay and Saudi Arabia in Group H. With a squad drawn from 14 countries and a coach who insists on Creole as the team language, the Blue Sharks blend diaspora talent with a relaxed "morabeza" mindset. Below is a deep dive into the squad, its leadership and the matches that will decide whether Cape Verde can turn debut dreams into historic results. The Blueprint: Squad Composition and Club Diversity 26‑man roster featuring players from 25 clubs across 14 nations. Six players were born in Rotterdam, highlighting the diaspora’s influence. Positions are well‑balanced: a mix of physical defenders, technically gifted forwards and a midfield engine. Key Fixtures and Scheduling 15 June – vs Spain in Atlanta (noon local, 5 pm BST, 16 June 2 am AEST). 21 June – vs Uruguay in Miami (6 pm local, 11 pm BST, 22 June 8 am AEST). 26 June – vs Saudi Arabia (7 pm local, 1 am BST, 27 June 10 am AEST). Coach Bubista’s Philosophy and Leadership Bubista (Pedro Leitão Brito) grew up on Boa Vista, worked as a lift operator’s son, and played across Portugal, Spain and Angola before captaining the national side. His core tenets are: Mandating Creole on the pitch to preserve national identity. Emphasising collective unity over individual flair. Instilling a “no‑stress” attitude that mirrors the country’s slogan, morabeza. Star Forward Dailon Livramento’s Impact The Rotterdam‑born striker has already become a legend, netting four qualifying goals, including the decisive winner against Cameroon. His profile: Born in Rotterdam to singer Marizia; also a musician. Provides the central attacking presence the team previously lacked. His physicality and finishing will be crucial against the defensive rigs of Spain and Uruguay. Veteran Ryan Mendes: Captain and Goal Threat Ryan Mendes, at 36, remains the team’s captain, top scorer and a potential centurion at the World Cup. Highlights: Former Lille forward, once a replacement for Eden Hazard. Overcame a serious ankle injury to stay central to the Blue Sharks. Could become the first Cape Verdean player to reach 100 caps if he appears in all three group matches. Midfield Engine Kevin Pina’s Role Kevin Pina anchors the midfield after a title‑winning season with Krasnodar in Russia. He: Provides the “dirty work” that frees attacking talents. Excels at forward ball movement despite a low goal tally. Forms a dynamic partnership with Deroy Duarte. Projected Starting XI and Tactical Outlook The likely lineup blends experience with youthful energy, favoring a 4‑3‑3 shape that encourages possession from the back and quick transitions on the wings. Goalkeeper: Logan Costa (Villarreal) – fitness remains a question after an ACL tear. Defence: A mix of European‑based centre‑backs and full‑backs comfortable in both defensive duties and overlapping runs. Midfield: Pina, Duarte and a creative playmaker to link defence and attack. Attack: Mendes (captain) flanked by wingers, with Livramento as the central striker. If the squad can maintain cohesion, exploit set‑piece opportunities and keep the “no‑stress” mindset, Cape Verde could pull off a surprise point or even a historic upset in their inaugural World Cup appearance.

The Climate Policy Reversal in Blue States Democratic-led states are eroding their climate policies, as red states are scaling up their clean energy deployment. California on Friday scaled back its cap-and-invest program, offering more than $3bn in free pollution allowances to polluting companies. Earlier the same week, New York weakened its groundbreaking climate law, delaying a plan to regulate carbon from 2024 until 2028 and reducing emissions-slashing targets. Rhode Island's governor, meanwhile, is attempting to roll back aggressive clean-energy programs. The Economic Justification vs. Climate Imperative The moves come as Donald Trump's administration withdraws clean energy incentives and energy savings programs, and as energy prices spike across the country amid trade disruptions stemming from the US-Israeli war on Iran. Proponents have said the changes are necessary to suppress electricity costs, but climate advocates say that view is short-sighted and misguided. "Using affordability as a cudgel to weaken climate policy is a major error that will not solve either crisis, ultimately amplifying both," said Johanna Bozuwa, executive director of the Climate and Community Institute, a left-leaning thinktank. "Extreme weather and fossil-fuel dependency directly inflate costs – for food, energy, transportation, housing, and health – across the economy for working people." American Public Opinion on Climate Change Polls show most Americans are concerned about the climate crisis. An annual poll from Gallup, published in April, shows that 44% of American adults say they worry "a great deal" about global warming – one of the highest levels of concern since 1989, when the poll was first conducted, behind only 2020 and 2017. About 65% of registered voters in the US also think global heating is driving up the cost of living, according to a report published in December by Yale University and George Mason University. Red States Lead Clean Energy Buildout In contrast to many Democratic-led jurisdictions, red states have tended to dominate renewable energy deployment in recent years. In terms of growth of utility-scale renewables, states that voted for Donald Trump in the 2024 presidential election made up eight of the top 10 in the year to March, according to Energy Information Administration data. Indiana tops the list of states with the most clean energy capacity growth in that timeframe, followed by Kentucky and Utah. More broadly, though, it is Texas that has emerged as the country's leading clean energy superpower, despite its strong ties to the oil and gas industry and unsuccessful attempts within the Republican-led legislature to curb the growth of wind and solar. Texas leads the country in wind energy production, followed by fellow red states Iowa, Oklahoma and Kansas, and in March overtook California in utility-scale solar, too. The Paradox of Climate Leadership Meanwhile, the states scaling back their emissions-cutting policies have long called themselves climate leaders. When Governor Gavin Newsom of California extended his state's cap-and-invest program last year, he said: "We're doubling down on our best tool to combat Trump's assaults on clean air … by making polluters pay for projects that support our most impacted communities." The changes could end up giving more money to the fossil fuel producers and distributors who have been increasing consumers' energy prices amid the Iran war, said Bahram Fazeli, Policy Director with Communities for a Better Environment, a grassroots organization in California. "There's no reason to think that giving them more free allowances will actually help motivate them to lower gas prices more," he said. Long-Term Economic Implications New York advocates are also skeptical about whether the weakening of the 2019 Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act – which the state touted as among the strongest climate laws the country – will deliver long-term benefits. The state legislature last week reached a deal with Governor Kathy Hochul to remove a 2030 mandate to cut planet-warming pollution by 40% from 1990 levels, instead including language to aim for a 60% by 2040 if it is "feasible and cost effective" to do so. "Even though you might see bill savings initially, that's going to come at the cost of locked-in, higher energy costs in the future, as the grid has to procure more energy that would otherwise have been saved," Anna Johnson, a senior policy manager State at American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, told Baltimore's NPR affiliate WYPR; she estimates that the moves could ultimately increase households' electricity costs by $592m. The True Cost of Inaction The climate crisis itself also costs for working people, said Mar Zepeda Salazar, legislative director of the national environmental justice coalition Climate Justice Alliance. "You can lower costs on paper by weakening protections, but the bill still comes due," she said. "It just shows up in emergency rooms, insurance premiums, utility bills, lost wages, and disaster recovery – that families pay, not industry."

The Lead Microsoft has announced new measures to tighten human rights controls when working with national security agencies after an inquiry into the Israeli military's use of its cloud technology for mass surveillance of Palestinians. Microsoft's Inquiry and New Measures The inquiry was launched last year in response to a Guardian investigation with Israeli-Palestinian publication +972 Magazine and Hebrew-language outlet Local Call, revealing how the Israeli military used Microsoft's cloud to store a vast trove of intercepted Palestinian phone calls. Microsoft terminated the Israeli military's access to cloud and AI services used to support the surveillance project after initial findings showed its spy agency, Unit 8200, had violated the company's terms of service. The Data Analysis Microsoft's inquiry found that Unit 8200 had used Microsoft's Azure cloud platform to operate an indiscriminate system that allowed its intelligence officers to collect, play back and analyse the content of millions of Palestinian cellular phone calls every day. The company has previously said senior executives such as its chief executive, Satya Nadella, were unaware Unit 8200 was using Azure to store intercepted Palestinian communications. The Impact Analysis The revelations prompted concerns at a senior level within Microsoft that some employees at its Israeli subsidiary had not been fully transparent with headquarters about their knowledge of how Unit 8200 used the company's technology. Sources familiar with the inquiry said it had examined how some of Microsoft's Tel Aviv-based employees had felt conflicting loyalties between their obligations to the company and their support for the Israeli military after the Hamas-led 7 October attacks on southern Israel. The Prediction Microsoft has said it will adopt a series of recommendations intended to improve the "effectiveness of our human-rights governance". The company will examine how it manages security clearances "in certain countries" and "make changes to ensure that our employees understand how to navigate security clearance requirements as part of their work for Microsoft". The new measures include periodic reviews to check whether Microsoft's acceptable use policies are being followed by customers when there are "new political circumstances or changes to sensitive projects", as well as steps to strengthen human-rights due-diligence processes in "conflict-affected and high-risk areas".

The Intersection of AI and Classical Music The disquiet and distrust surrounding artificial intelligence among artists and creatives remain real and consequential, and the language used by leading arts commentators is often apocalyptic: AI will decimate the arts, it is evil, it is the devil. Like many emerging technologies, AI has been driven by the corporations at the forefront of its creation. Introduced to the public at a rapid rate and continuously evolving, machine learning has become closely entwined with fear, antipathy and foreboding. The RBO/SHIFT Festival: Exploring AI in Opera The upcoming RBO/SHIFT festival at the Royal Opera House aims to interrogate all sides of this fast-evolving landscape to enable artists, performers, creatives and audiences to think deeply and widely about where we are now, and where we may be tomorrow. Machine learning represents a seismic shift, both in society and in the arts, and we need storytellers, artists, teachers and thinkers in this space to help determine the direction of that shift and help us navigate this unfamiliar territory. The Data Analysis: Understanding AI's Impact on Opera Opera is a particularly good place from which to examine technology. It synthesises multiple art forms – music, visual arts, architecture, poetry, dance, theatre and film – making it both niche and remarkably broad. Opera has also always engaged with technology. From its emergence around 1600, opera makers embraced the latest inventions: pyrotechnics, automata, flying machinery and trapdoors. Later came electric lighting, film, digital media and advanced acoustics. The Impact Analysis: Collaboration and Creativity Having spent the past year discussing AI with makers, coders, researchers, composers and performers, I am not sure it is possible for this technology to decimate the arts. The most written-about aspect of machine learning – generative AI creating images, words and music – is, in many ways, the least interesting. There have been operas created with and by AI for decades by researchers and musicians, yet these have had little impact on the creation of new work more broadly. The Prediction: A Future of Collaboration AI appears to have emerged suddenly, but in reality it is part of a continual expansion of technology that has unfolded over centuries. It is also a space in which differing artistic and imaginative voices are essential. RBO/SHIFT asks two questions: what can AI do for creatives, and what can creatives do for the world in the age of AI? As our interaction with machines becomes ever more prevalent, it may be that, rather than decimating the arts, AI will lead us to value them even more highly, protect and preserve them.

The Lead: Roni Horn's Artistic JourneyAt 70 years old, renowned artist Roni Horn presents "Seizure of Hope," her first solo exhibition in London in a decade at the prestigious Hauser and Wirth gallery. The exhibition features 76 graphite drawings exploring the complex emotion of being "paralysed with hope," a phrase that has become central to Horn's recent work. This comes after a notable incident where Horn was removed from a flight due to a dispute with a flight attendant, an experience that reflects her androgynous identity and quiet rebellion against authority in today's world.The Exhibition: Visualizing ParadoxStepping into the gallery on Savile Row, visitors encounter 76 drawings rendered in "very, very soft" graphite pencil with wax pencil, each repeating the handwritten phrase "I am paralysed with hope." The installation is deliberately arranged with uneven gaps between frames, creating spaces where meaning slips and falters. Horn describes these works as capturing "an endless silent scream feeling," born from her experience of losing friends and observing how "the last thing to go is hope" during illness.The exhibition also includes a solid cast glass sculpture resembling a large ice cube, titled "What Happens to the Hole When the Cheese is Gone?"—a reference to Bertolt Brecht. This piece, made by pouring molten glass into a mould that hardens slowly over months, embodies Horn's fascination with ambiguity and the in-between states of existence.Artistic Philosophy: Embracing AmbiguityHorn's work consistently explores themes of mirroring, doubling, and repetition. She deliberately avoids direct answers, embracing ambiguity as a core artistic principle. Her approach is described as "serenely anti-authoritarian, revelling in the absurd and the contradictory." The unpindownable nature of her work, which spans photography, drawing, sculpture, and film, gives it vitality and presence without ostentation.The phrase "I am paralysed with hope" first captured Horn's attention around the time of "the political downfall of America" and has since appeared in multiple works, including her conceptual diary LOG created during lockdown and her 2023 exhibition at Centro Botin. The smudged, varied handwriting in the drawings reflects Horn's self-described "atrocious" handwriting that once required multiple signatures for banking purposes.Cultural Context: Art in Turbulent TimesHorn's work resonates particularly strongly in contemporary society, where contradictions and uncertainties abound. Her exploration of hope as both paralyzing and enduring speaks to the collective experience of living through political and social upheaval. The artist's experience of being removed from a flight due to a seemingly minor incident underscores the tensions present in today's world, particularly for those who don't fit conventional expectations.The exhibition's title, "Seizure of Hope," suggests both a capture and a taking of hope—a complex relationship that Horn explores through her repetitive, meditative drawings. This approach to hope as something that persists even in darkness offers a nuanced perspective on human resilience in challenging times.Future Directions: The Persistence of HopeAs Horn continues to create work that embraces ambiguity and contradiction, her exploration of hope appears likely to remain central to her artistic practice. The artist's commitment to staying "in the unknown and the in-between" suggests future works that will continue to challenge viewers' expectations and offer spaces for reflection on the complexities of human experience.The exhibition at Hauser and Wirth represents not just a showcase of Horn's current work but a continuation of her decades-long exploration of material, form, and meaning. As she approaches her eighth decade, Horn shows no signs of diminishing her artistic ambition or her willingness to confront difficult emotions and ideas through her distinctive visual language.

Meta Unveils Conversational AI Assistant for Facebook CreatorsMeta introduced a new AI creator assistant on Facebook that delivers personalized recommendations based on a creator’s content style, performance metrics, community feedback, and goals. How the Assistant Generates Personalized RecommendationsThe assistant answers real‑time questions such as “When should I post?” or “What are people saying in my comments?” and supports follow‑up queries to explore audience shifts over time. It also suggests trending audio, cultural moments, and other content ideas drawn from platform trends. Reach and Rollout Numbers Highlight Early AdoptionInitial rollout to creators in the U.S., Canada, and India.Meta reports that over half a billion Facebook users are now watching AI‑translated videos weekly.New AI translation languages added: Arabic, Bahasa Indonesian, French, Thai, Vietnamese. Strategic Implications for Facebook’s Creator EcosystemBy embedding the assistant directly in the app, Meta reduces reliance on third‑party tools like ChatGPT, keeping creators within its ecosystem. The feature is positioned as a countermeasure to rival platforms such as TikTok and YouTube, aiming to increase posting frequency and overall user engagement. Future Roadmap: Expansion and Feature EnhancementsMeta plans to extend the assistant to additional countries and introduce new capabilities over time, further integrating AI‑driven insights and translation tools into the creator workflow.