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The Lead: Iran's Internet Partially Restored Tehran, Iran – Authorities in Iran have reinstated some internet access three months after taking the country offline at the start of the war with the United States and Israel, but restrictions remain in place for most people. The Iranian government said last week that it had started a process to bring internet access back to a pre-war level, which was already very restricted as Iran was at the time still coming off an earlier 20-day shutdown imposed during deadly nationwide protests in January. The World's Longest Internet Blackout Last week's move ended more than 2,000 hours of near-total internet shutdown in the country of 90 million people, the longest-ever nationwide blackout in the world. But according to numerous user reports, local media accounts and expert analysis, Iranians' free access to the global internet is far from restored. Restricted Access and Blocked Services Access to millions of web pages remains blocked by the state, and almost all global services and apps such as YouTube, Instagram, Telegram, WhatsApp, Facebook and Waze are closed off and are not under consideration for reinstatement. Mobile, wireless and landline connections are slow and patchy, to varying degrees, while many local applications and services regularly malfunction or fail to load. The Black Market for Internet Access Most people are forced into a black market for access to the internet, which has proven lucrative for those selling virtual private networks (VPNs) or other circumvention methods, often through affiliations with the state. Those connections have now become cheaper after the authorities restored some internet bandwidth, but demand for VPNs has skyrocketed, and people remain exposed to scammers and malware while navigating the market. The Architecture of Filtering Meanwhile, even after the partial reopening, Iranian authorities continue to impose several complex layers of restrictions that have effectively turned full internet access into a privilege that very few people authorised by the state can enjoy. Many data centres have yet to be fully brought back online, and some internet protocols like IPv6 and HTTP/3 are blocked, while others like UDP are actively disrupted by the authorities, local media reported. Political Conflict Over Internet Policy That has prompted more criticism against Iran's relatively moderate President Masoud Pezeshkian, who campaigned against hardliners, in part, on reopening the internet. The Sazandegi reformist newspaper criticised the government over the "belated opening" in an op-ed on Saturday while the state-linked KhabarOnline news site wrote that the "Internet's technical infrastructure is the victim of the new architecture of filtering". The Tiered-Access Internet System Authorities have also failed to elaborate on what exactly they plan to do with the tiered-access internet system that they began expanding during the war. As part of the system, Iranians get varying degrees of access – or no access at all – to the global internet based on their profession and other classifications made by the state. To implement the scheme, a so-called "Internet Pro" scheme was introduced, which offers slightly less restricted access for about three times the price of a regular, more restricted internet package. Frustration and Limited Normalcy Still, more people have been able to get back on social media, where they have posted more videos from the war, including one that showed a new view as dozens of missiles rained down on the headquarters of Iran's supreme leader in downtown Tehran on February 28. Others are sharing war experiences, including where they were and how they felt when the first bombs hit the capital. But that hasn't alleviated the frustrations for many. "What we have right now is not the internet," said a Tehran resident, who spoke to Al Jazeera on condition of anonymity. "It's a return to the previous half-closed condition that is now being sold as an achievement."

The Lead: Arsenal's Mixed Season of Triumph and HeartbreakArsenal's 2025-2026 season encapsulated both remarkable achievement and painful disappointment. While the club secured its first Premier League title since 2004 under Mikel Arteta's leadership, they also endured the agony of losing two finals, most recently the Champions League final against PSG on penalties. This duality defined a season that stretched players to their physical and mental limits.The Season Marathon: Physical and Mental Toll on PlayersDeclan Rice emphasized the extraordinary demands of the season, noting that Arsenal's journey began in July with a pre-season match in Singapore and concluded with their 63rd game across all competitions. The midfielder highlighted the particularly grueling stretch from October onward, when the team faced three matches per week. Rice himself played in 55 of Arsenal's matches while battling through a persistent injury that left him operating at '70%' fitness for 'quite a while,' according to Thomas Tuchel.The Final Performance: Tactical Execution and Individual FlawsIn the Champions League final, Arsenal demonstrated their tactical discipline under Arteta's guidance. After Kai Havertz's early goal, the team effectively neutralized PSG's formidable attack until Cristhian Mosquera conceded a penalty that led to Ousmane Dembélé's equalizer. However, the match exposed several persistent issues: Arsenal's pass completion rate was a concerning 69% compared to PSG's 91%, and they made only 196 successful passes to PSG's 806. Individual attacking statistics were equally troubling, with Bukayo Saka completing just four passes and Martin Ødegaard touching the ball only 12 times.The Penalty Shootout: Misses and Mental FortitudeThe final's conclusion on penalties highlighted both Arsenal's resilience and their remaining vulnerabilities. Gabriel Magalhães missed the decisive fifth penalty, continuing a pattern that saw him miss in a pre-season shootout against Villarreal. Eberechi Eze's penalty technique, which had previously failed him in Crystal Palace's Community Shield victory, resurfaced with identical results against Arsenal. Despite these setbacks, Declan Rice's successful conversion in round three symbolized the team's character and determination throughout the match.Arteta's Evolution: From 'Mikelito' to Respected ManagerThe final showcased Mikel Arteta's growth as a manager, particularly in how his players executed the gameplan against PSG. Luis Enrique's affectionate yet potentially patronizing use of Arteta's old nickname 'Mikelito'—a reference to his time as a young hopeful at Barcelona—underscored the respect Arteta has earned. The Arsenal manager's ability to nullify Europe's most feared attack demonstrated his tactical acumen, even as the team's lack of precision in final passes revealed areas for continued development.The Road Ahead: Building on ProgressArsenal's season, while ending in Champions League final heartbreak, represents significant progress under Arteta. The combination of Premier League triumph and European final appearance establishes a foundation for future success. The physical and mental resilience demonstrated throughout the season, particularly in the face of such a demanding fixture schedule, suggests that the team is building the necessary characteristics to compete at the highest level consistently. As Rice noted, the experience gained from this grueling campaign will fuel their ambitions in seasons to come.

Game 7 Recap: Spurs Edge Thunder 111‑103 The Western Conference finals culminated in a dramatic Game 7 where the San Antonio Spurs survived a late foul on Victor Wembanyama and a decisive block by Luke Kornet to clinch a 111‑103 victory over the Oklahoma City Thunder. The win sends the Spurs to the NBA Finals for the first time since 2024. Key Moments That Shifted Momentum Wembanyama’s fifth foul in the fourth quarter forced him to sit, removing the Spurs’ primary interior presence. Luke Kornet’s chase‑down block on Isaiah Hartenstein sparked a quick Spurs run, extending the lead to eight points. Shai Gilgeous‑Alexander scored 35 of the Thunder’s 31 points from starters, but the bench contributed only 14 fourth‑quarter points. The Spurs’ bench outscored the Thunder’s starters for most of the series, a trend that proved decisive in Game 7. Statistical Snapshot of the Deciding Game Final Score: Spurs 111, Thunder 103 Victor Wembanyama: 12 points, 7 rebounds, fouled out in the fourth quarter. Shai Gilgeous‑Alexander: 35 points (team‑high), 5 assists. Luke Kornet: 8 points, 4 rebounds, 1 block (crucial chase‑down). Spurs Bench: 38 points combined, highlighted by Keldon Johnson (two threes) and Julian Champagnie (6‑of‑10 shooting). Thunder Bench: 14 fourth‑quarter points, limited impact overall. What the Upset Means for the NBA Landscape The Thunder’s early‑season dominance (24‑1 start) made them favorites, but the series exposed a reliance on Gilgeous‑Alexander and a bench that could be neutralized when Wembanyama rested. The Spurs demonstrated depth and resilience, reinforcing the notion that playoff success hinges on contributions beyond star players. Fan sentiment toward the Thunder’s “unpopular” style of drawing fouls may intensify, while the Spurs’ narrative shifts from underdog to legitimate championship contender. Looking Ahead: Spurs vs Knicks in the Finals Next up, the Spurs will face a rested New York Knicks team that entered the playoffs on an 11‑game winning streak. The Knicks’ balanced roster and recent momentum pose a fresh challenge, but the Spurs’ experience in Game 7 and their bench firepower give them a credible shot at the title. Meanwhile, the Thunder are expected to regroup, address depth concerns, and return stronger next season.

The Lead Israeli forces have reached the outskirts of the southern Lebanese city of Nabatieh and captured the strategic Beaufort Castle, despite a ceasefire agreement in place since April. This marks Israel's deepest incursion into Lebanon in more than a quarter of a century. The Event Details Israeli forces now occupy about 2,000 square kilometers (770 square miles) of Lebanese territory – nearly one-fifth of the country. The advance marks a significant escalation in the conflict, with Israeli forces operating well beyond the Litani River, which was initially presented as the effective limit of the zone they sought to clear of Hezbollah forces. Israeli troops have reached the towns of Zawtar al-Sharqiyah and Choukine on the outskirts of Nabatieh – a Hezbollah stronghold. Israeli strikes on Deir ez-Zahrani at dawn on Sunday killed several people. The Data Analysis The Israeli military has issued evacuation orders extending as far north as the Zahrani River (around 10km or 6 miles north of the Litani River), further expanding its military control. This has raised questions about Israel's long-term objectives and the potential for a deeper security belt or prolonged territorial control. The Impact Analysis Analysts warn that Israel's actions suggest objectives that extend beyond its stated goal of removing Hezbollah from areas south of the Litani River. The continued advance into southern Lebanon follows blanket evacuation orders issued for Nabatieh earlier this week, as well as similar orders covering the coastal city of Tyre. Nabatieh is strategically important because it represents far more than a military hub; it is one of the principal political, economic, and social centers of Lebanon's Shia community and a key connective node between southern Lebanon, the Bekaa Valley, and Beirut. The Prediction The military escalation is undermining efforts by the Lebanese government to strengthen state authority and negotiate a lasting settlement. Analysts say Israel's actions may not be seeking a permanent occupation similar to the one it maintained in southern Lebanon between 1982 and 2000, but instead a longer-term system of military control through buffer zones, surveillance, and freedom of action inside Lebanese territory.

Opening the Cosmic ConversationThe Guardian’s Notes & Queries column poses a speculative yet culturally resonant question: “If an alien landed and asked you: ‘What is music?’ what would you play for them?” Readers are encouraged to submit answers, with a selection slated for publication next Sunday.The Prompt’s Structure and Publication NoteThe call‑out appears under the byline Heather, Kent and includes a direct email address ([email protected]) for submissions. A brief production note explains that a related question scheduled for 24 May was omitted due to an error.Why This Matters to Cultural EngagementIt leverages curiosity about extraterrestrial life to spark dialogue about the definition and universality of music.By inviting diverse public input, the piece gauges contemporary perceptions of music’s role in human identity.The format reinforces The Guardian’s tradition of interactive journalism, blending speculative thought with community participation.Potential Outcomes and Future InterestResponses will be curated for a Sunday feature, offering a snapshot of collective imagination at a time when space exploration remains a prominent public topic. The selected answers may influence future editorial pieces on art, science, and the intersection of the two.

The End of an Era: Arne Slot's Departure from Liverpool Inevitable and necessary. Despite the continual briefings coming out of the UK side of the club’s operation, the silence from Liverpool’s American ownership was deafening. No vote of confidence, no contract extension talks and – most significant – no official appointment of Etiënne Reijnen to Arne Slot’s coaching staff. The Event Details: Slot's Sacking Eventually, on Saturday lunctime, six days after the final game of a season in which the Reds lost 19 games, Slot was gone. Regardless of what happens next, it was the correct decision. If the next guy does not do well, that does not mean sacking Slot was a mistake. It made no sense for Liverpool’s ownership to allow this to continue, regardless of how much Michael Edwards and Richard Hughes reportedly wanted to stick with the status quo. The Data Analysis: A Disappointing Season 19 losses in a single season Lack of identity in the team's play Disappointing results and performances The Impact Analysis: A United Fanbase I can’t remember Liverpool fans being more united in wanting a trophy-winning manager removed. Usually there’s a split in the fanbase and it can get quite ugly but this time it was pretty unanimous. We all knew. Some may have half-heartedly railed against the idea of “sacking a league-winning manager” but when it happened there was very little condemnation. Mostly it was relief. The Prediction: A New Era for Liverpool The dream is that our real dad (Klopp) comes home but it’s probably going to be another stepdad – this time a fun Spanish one. Andoni Iraola ticks plenty of boxes, but not all of them. He hasn’t experienced the goldfish bowl of a big club like Liverpool, he hasn’t had to navigate the demands of playing twice, or three times, a week and teams don’t set up against Bournemouth in the same way they do Liverpool.

The LeadJapanese Defence Minister Shinjiro Koizumi has dismissed claims that Tokyo is pursuing “new militarism” and accused China of rapidly expanding its military with limited transparency. Koizumi's Address at Shangri-La DialogueKoizumi made these statements on Sunday at the Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore, where he emphasized that China's external approach and military activities are matters of serious concern for Japan and the international community. He highlighted China's increasing defence spending and questioned why Japan is labelled 'new militarism' despite having neither nuclear weapons nor strategic bombers. The Data Analysis China continues to increase its defence spending at a high level. Japan has been reshaping its own defence policy, including scrapping a ban on lethal weapons exports. The Impact AnalysisKoizumi stressed Japan's commitment to international law and the United Nations Charter, as well as its efforts to uphold a “free and open international order.” He also emphasized the importance of transparency and dialogue, lamenting that China had not sent its defence minister to the conference. The PredictionKoizumi reaffirmed Japan’s commitment to dialogue with China and other regional players to foster stability. He also praised US Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth for his commitment to the Asia Pacific and stressed the continued need for strong coalitions globally, stating, “Division weakens deterrence. Unity strengthens deterrence.”

Iga Swiatek's bid for a fifth Roland Garros title ended abruptly on her 25th birthday, as she fell 7‑5, 6‑1 to Ukraine's 15th‑seed Marta Kostyuk in the round of 16. Swiatek’s Fifth Title Quest Ends in the Round of 16 The former champion entered Paris as the clear favorite, but Kostyuk's aggressive baseline play and mental composure proved decisive. After trading early breaks, Kostyuk seized a crucial 11th‑game break to close the first set, then dominated the second with a 6‑1 surge. Numbers That Reveal the Scale of the Upset Scoreline: 7‑5, 6‑1 in favor of Kostyuk Seedings: Swiatek (4) vs. Kostyuk (15) Kostyuk’s 2026 clay record: 15‑0 entering the match Swiatek’s birthday: May 31, 2001 (turned 25) Other recent upsets: Jannik Sinner, Novak Djokovic, Coco Gauff, and China’s Wang Xinyu all exited within three days Implications for the Women’s Grand Slam Landscape Swiatek’s departure elevates world No.1 Aryna Sabalenka to the clear favorite for her first French Open crown. It also signals a shift toward greater depth on the WTA tour, where lower‑seeded players like Kostyuk and veteran Sorana Cirstea—who reached her first Roland Garros quarter‑final in 17 years—are capable of toppling the elite. What to Expect in the Remaining French Open Rounds Kostyuk will face either 7th‑seed Elina Svitolina or 11th‑seed Belinda Bencic in the quarter‑finals, while Sabalenka is expected to navigate a draw that now lacks its former dominant force. The tournament is likely to produce at least one more surprise, as the momentum gained by emerging clay‑court specialists continues to challenge the traditional hierarchy.

The Pavlovian Paradox: Mosquitoes Learn to Associate DEET with FoodFor decades, the efficacy of DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) has been attributed solely to its chemical properties, which are believed to either repel insects or block their ability to detect humans. However, a new study led by Professor Claudio Lazzari from the University of Tours suggests a more complex behavioral interaction. The research indicates that mosquitoes can learn to associate the scent of DEET with the presence of a blood meal, effectively turning a repellent into a lure through a process similar to Pavlovian conditioning.Experimental Evidence: From Repellent to LureThe study, published in the Journal of Experimental Biology, involved trapping mosquitoes and presenting them with warm blood that was just out of reach. The insects were simultaneously exposed to DEET. The results demonstrated a significant shift in behavior:Trained Group: 60% of mosquitoes that fed while exposed to DEET subsequently attempted to bite when exposed to the repellent alone.Control Groups: Significantly lower percentages were observed in untrained insects (17%) and those with prior exposure to DEET alone (13%).In a real-world test, nearly 60% of the trained mosquitoes attempted to bite a researcher's DEET-treated hand, whereas untrained mosquitoes universally targeted the untreated hand.Redefining Insect Control StrategiesThis discovery represents a significant shift in our understanding of how repellents work. It suggests that the reaction to DEET is not merely a chemical aversion but can be modified by experience. Experts, including Dr. Nina Stanczyk of ETH Zürich, emphasize that while the learning ability of mosquitoes is impressive, the implications for public health are nuanced. The study highlights that repellents may function differently depending on the context of the mosquito's previous interactions with humans.Future Outlook for TravelersDespite the alarming findings, experts urge travelers not to abandon DEET. The consensus is that this phenomenon occurs under specific laboratory conditions and is unlikely to happen frequently in the wild due to the variability of repellents encountered during different blood meals. The key takeaway for the future is the importance of consistent application. As noted by the researchers, the risk of association is highest when the repellent starts to wear off, reinforcing the need for regular reapplication to maintain protection.