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NASA's sonifications have made it possible for us to experience the cosmos in a new way, transforming electromagnetic energy into sound waves that our ears can pick up. This innovative approach has allowed us to 'hear' the orbits and energies of celestial bodies like Jupiter, Saturn, and the Sun. The Artemis II mission, which recently slingshotted four astronauts around the moon and back, has provided a unique opportunity for us to connect with the astronauts on board. The mundane details of the mission, such as the wake-up music that NASA pipes into their module every orbital morning, have given us a glimpse into the daily lives of these space travelers. In the 1960s, the Apollo 10 mission encountered mysterious sounds while on the far side of the moon. The astronauts reported hearing a high whistling sound accompanied by a lower whooshing noise. Initially, this sparked speculation, but it was later discovered that the sounds were caused by interference between two VHF radio transmitters on board the spacecraft. NASA's sonifications are not just limited to the sounds of spacecraft. The agency has also created sonifications of cosmic phenomena like black holes and supernovae. These sonifications have allowed scientists to better understand the behavior of these phenomena and have also inspired artistic works. The article also touches on the connection between music and the universe. Samantha Harvey's novel Orbital describes the sounds of celestial bodies, such as Neptune's sound being 'liquid and rushing, a tide crashing onto a shore in a howling storm.' The article also mentions the 'music of the spheres', a concept that dates back to ancient Greece, which suggests that the universe is governed by musical ratios. Overall, NASA's sonifications have opened up new ways for us to experience and understand the cosmos, and have inspired a new generation of artists and scientists to explore the intersection of music and space exploration.

Barcelona coach Hansi Flick has expressed his commitment to protecting teenage sensation Lamine Yamal from criticism, following the 18-year-old's recent displays of frustration on the pitch. Yamal, a rising star in Spanish football, has been making waves with his impressive skills, but his emotional reactions have sometimes drawn negative attention. Flick emphasized that Yamal's youth and inexperience are factors to consider, highlighting his exceptional talent and potential to become one of the best players in the future. The coach acknowledged that while Yamal's outbursts can create unwanted headlines, he will continue to support and defend him against criticism. Yamal's recent behavior was on display during Barcelona's 2-1 victory over Atletico Madrid in La Liga on Saturday. The teenager was visibly irritated after being admonished by a member of the Barcelona coaching staff for shooting instead of passing. This incident, along with his reactions to being substituted, has sparked concerns about his temperament. Flick also discussed the upcoming Champions League quarterfinal against Atletico Madrid, describing it as a tough and intense matchup. He praised Atletico's defensive capabilities and emphasized the need for Barcelona to perform at their best to secure a positive result. In other news, Marcus Rashford is expected to start on the left flank in place of the injured Raphinha. Flick noted that while Rashford has improved defensively, he still needs to work on his defensive work rate to fully integrate into the team.

Senegal's recent enactment of a harsh anti-gay law has sent shockwaves through the country's LGBTQ+ community and healthcare system. The law, which doubles the maximum prison term to 10 years for same-sex activities and criminalizes the 'promotion' of homosexuality, has led to a surge in arrests and a climate of fear.Over 60 people have been detained since February on charges related to same-sex relations, with many facing forced HIV testing and additional penalties for those who test positive. This has resulted in a significant decline in HIV healthcare services, with a 34.5% drop in consultations recorded at 22 treatment sites across the country.The law's broad framing also risks criminalizing legitimate human rights activities, including those of lawyers, health workers, journalists, and NGOs. This has led to organizations like UJEC (Union des Jeunes Engagés pour Notre Communauté) suspending their services, leaving vulnerable populations without access to essential support and healthcare.Senegal's HIV prevention system, which had been considered one of Africa's most resilient, is now under threat. The country's HIV prevalence among MSM is alarmingly high at 27.6%, and the new law is expected to exacerbate this issue by driving key populations underground and making them more reluctant to seek treatment or testing.The international community has expressed concern, with UNAIDS urging the president not to sign the legislation and highlighting that new HIV infections in Senegal rose by 36% between 2010 and 2024. The situation is further complicated by funding cuts and the US freeze on foreign assistance, which have already weakened the HIV response in the country.As the situation continues to unfold, there are reports of people fleeing Senegal for neighboring countries or seeking asylum in France. The Senegalese Ministry of Justice and supreme court have declined to comment, leaving many to wonder whether the country's HIV prevention system can survive this new legislation and the fear it has instilled.

Iranian officials have urged young people to form human chains around the country's power plants, as tensions escalate with the US and Israel. The call to action comes as US President Donald Trump threatens massive strikes on civilian infrastructure if Iran doesn't reopen the Strait of Hormuz.Iranian media showed people gathering outside electricity stations, waving Iranian flags and holding up banners. In Dezful, people gathered on a 1,700-year-old bridge. The country's president, Masoud Pezeshkian, said 14 million people had signed up to fight for their country and declared their readiness to sacrifice their lives in defence of Iran.The US and Israel carried out waves of preparatory strikes that appeared to knock off course the chances of a last-minute ceasefire deal before Trump's 8pm ET (1am BST) deadline for Iran to reopen the strait. Attacks on civilian infrastructure amount to war crimes, legal experts say.Alireza Rahimi, identified by Iranian state television as the secretary of the Supreme Council of Youth and Adolescents, issued a video message calling on young people to form human chains around power plants. He asked them to gather on Tuesday at 2pm around the power plants, which he described as national assets and capital.Iran has formed human-chain demonstrations, also known as human shields, in the past around its nuclear sites at times of heightened tensions with the west. A man in Tehran said his household had collected basic necessities and equipment to charge their mobile phones, in preparation to flee the capital if necessary.The indirect negotiations between the US and Iran are continuing, largely by passing messages through Pakistan. However, the intermediaries said they feared that Israel was bombing the chances of reaching an agreement.

The sudden closure of the Strait of Hormuz has sent shockwaves throughout Europe, sparking concerns over global oil supplies and regional stability. Despite the growing unease, US President Donald Trump has yet to offer a concrete plan to address the situation.The Strait of Hormuz, a critical waterway for international oil shipments, was unexpectedly closed, causing widespread disruptions. European nations are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of this closure, given their reliance on imported oil.As the international community scrambles for a response, Trump's lack of a clear strategy has raised eyebrows. The situation remains fluid, with many calling for swift and decisive action to mitigate the effects of the closure.

Former Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif presented a comprehensive peace roadmap in Foreign Affairs on Friday, seeking to move beyond a temporary cease‑fire in the war that erupted on February 28 after coordinated US‑Israeli strikes on Iran. The plan urges Iran to place limits on its nuclear program under international monitoring, including a commitment to never pursue nuclear weapons and to blend its enriched uranium below 3.67 %. This would address the International Atomic Energy Agency’s estimate that Iran holds roughly 440 kg (970 lb) of uranium enriched to 60 %—a level close to the 90 % threshold needed for a bomb. Zarif also proposes a mutual non‑aggression pact with the United States, coupled with the immediate lifting of all US sanctions and United Nations Security Council resolutions against Tehran. To secure regional stability, he suggests forming a regional fuel‑enrichment consortium that would involve China, Russia and the United States alongside Iran and its Gulf neighbours, using West Asia’s sole enrichment facility. Additionally, a broader security framework could include Gulf states, UN Security Council powers and possibly Egypt, Pakistan and Turkey to guarantee freedom of navigation through the Strait of Hormuz, which Iran has largely blocked since the conflict began. Beyond security, Zarif calls for “mutually beneficial trade, economic and technological cooperation” between Iran and the United States, framing the roadmap as a “well‑timed off‑ramp” for President Donald Trump, who recently warned Iran it had 48 hours to negotiate a deal or face “all hell”. Gulf officials reacted sharply. UAE diplomatic adviser Anwar Gargash dismissed the proposal as ignoring Iran’s aggressive missile and drone attacks on Gulf infrastructure, calling the strategy “hubris & strategic failure.” Former Qatari Prime Minister Hamad bin Jassim Al Thani acknowledged the plan’s cleverness but warned that the war has “eroded the trust built over years” and increased regional danger. The United States has offered a 15‑point cease‑fire plan, while Pakistan, Turkey and Egypt continue to push for direct talks, yet no substantive progress has emerged. Should the roadmap gain traction, it could reopen the Strait of Hormuz—through which one‑fifth of global crude oil and natural gas normally flows—alleviate the economic shockwaves rippling through world markets, and reshape the geopolitical landscape of the Middle East.

The ongoing conflict between Iran and the US-Israeli alliance has sent shockwaves through global oil markets, with Brent crude prices surging 5% to $106.16 per barrel on Thursday morning. Despite being heavily reliant on Iranian oil, China appears to have largely insulated itself from the crisis.China's strategy involves utilizing 'teapot refineries,' small, privately owned oil refineries primarily based in Shandong province. These facilities have been importing discounted Iranian and Russian oil, accounting for one-quarter of China's processing capacity. This approach allows China to circumvent US sanctions and maintain a stable oil supply.China's teapot refineries have been stockpiling oil reserves, providing a buffer against potential supply disruptions. According to Muyu Xu, a senior crude oil analyst at Kpler, China's seaborne crude imports in March stood at 10.19 million barrels per day (mbd), down from 11.51mbd in February but still in line with the 2025 average of 10.41mbd.The US has previously imposed sanctions on some of these teapot refineries for importing Iranian oil. However, China's tolerance of this independent system has proved strategically useful, allowing the country to maintain a flexible buffer for bargain barrels during crises.Experts note that while China's measures will not completely immunize the country from rising fuel prices, they do provide Beijing with more flexibility to survive a crisis compared with other nations. China's approach involves aggressive stockpiling, tolerating shadow networks, and keeping flexible buffers, demonstrating its preparedness for energy shocks.

The unexpected return of two William Hartnell episodes to the BBC archive has sent shockwaves of excitement through the Whovian community. For the first time since 1965, fans can now enjoy the first quarter of the 12-part adventure 'The Daleks' Master Plan.'The surviving five episodes are now on iPlayer, and the first three make for a stirring introduction to the adventure, with large impressive sets for the Earth control centre and the Dalek ship, contrasting with the dense forbidding foliage of the planet Kembel. Frequent tight closeup shots from director Douglas Camfield on the faces of the cast add to a claustrophobic feel in the jungle sequences.At the time, Hartnell was not to know that within a year he would be 'renewed' as the lead of the show by Patrick Troughton. Hartnell's health problems, reputation for being difficult on set and frequent flubbing of lines during a production schedule that allowed little leeway for second takes has tainted his tenure in the role.Here, especially in the opener, we get to see him in some of his strongest moments as the Doctor. With Stephen (Peter Purves) incapacitated by the poison he picked up in Troy, and Katarina (Adrienne Hill) little more than a hollow vessel of a character, Hartnell has much more to do than usual. The actor gets to show the gleeful side of his nature as he delights at his own invention of the magnetic chair and his ingenuity at repelling – at least initially – boarders to the spaceship.Rediscovering episode one also means we can enjoy beloved children's television presenter Brian Cant flexing his acting chops in something other than Playschool, and all three episodes prominently feature Nicholas Courtney, who would go on to play Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart for 40 years, as Bret Vyon. A highlight is the Addams family-esque kookiness of the aliens making up the Dalek council, which is certainly preferable to the somewhat cliched prison planet savages set-up of part three.The biggest mystery, of course, is how these episodes have ended up surviving. Film is Fabulous, the people who secured them, have said they are respecting the wishes of the estate of the person who was holding and keeping them anonymous. Perhaps the most intriguing thing is that, given it was never sold overseas, the missing episodes of the Daleks' Master Plan were among the least likely to ever be found, but two episodes were sitting in those film cans all along. Who knows what else might still be out there?

A devastating stabbing attack at a nursery school in Kampala, Uganda's capital, has claimed the lives of four children. The incident occurred at the Ggaba Early Childhood Development Program school in Makindye Division.According to the Ugandan police, a 34-year-old male suspect brutally stabbed and killed the children with a sharp object. The victims included one girl and three boys.The attacker gained access to the school by disguising himself as a parent and initially engaged with the administrator in charge. He then locked the gate and began attacking the children one by one.A security guard from a nearby church intervened and stopped the suspect. The police have apprehended the attacker, but the motive behind the killings is still under investigation.The incident has sent shockwaves through the community, with parents weeping and an angry crowd gathering near the school. Police fired into the air to disperse the crowd and prevent a lynch mob from forming.This kind of attack is rare in Kampala, a city of roughly three million people. The police and local authorities are working to investigate the incident and provide support to the affected families.