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Experts are closely monitoring climate patterns in the Pacific Ocean, which indicate a high chance of El Niño developing this summer. A strong El Niño event could lead to severe weather conditions, including super-charged rainstorms and droughts, depending on the region. A 'super El Niño' could push 2027 to break global heat records, according to climate scientists. This phenomenon occurs when ocean surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean warm up, leading to significant impacts on global weather patterns. El Niño is characterized by warming of the ocean surface in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. It's one of three states scientists observe: La Niña, conversely, happens when sea surface temperatures are below average, and neutral conditions are defined when neither El Niño or La Niña are present and surface temperatures are about average. The 'El Niño-southern oscillation' (Enso) tends to develop during spring in the northern hemisphere and shifts every three to seven years. Warming and cooling at sea surface during El Niño and La Niña can range from 1C to 3C, and have enormous effects on precipitation, drought, heat, and climate disasters in different regions. Conditions are currently shifting from La Niña to a neutral pattern, according to the latest outlook from the US Climate Prediction Center. Models show a 62% chance El Niño will emerge this summer and linger until at least the end of the year. A super El Niño that occurred in 2015 brought severe drought in Ethiopia, water supply shortages in Puerto Rico, and smashed records after unleashing a vicious hurricane season in the central North Pacific. A 'super' El Niño means one that is stronger, typically defined by sea surface temperatures spiking up to at least 2C. Noaa scientists have given a 1 in 4 chance that this could happen by fall or winter, with the caveat that spring forecasts are sometimes muddled. Transitions in conditions that happen in the spring can make outcomes a bit harder to predict. Experts warn that a strong or super El Niño could lead to drought and heat across Australia, southern and central Africa, India, and parts of South America. Heavy precipitation, meanwhile, could hit the southern tier of the US, parts of the Middle East, and south-central Asia.

The Artemis II mission has achieved a historic milestone with a successful Pacific splashdown, marking the first time humans have traveled to the moon in over 50 years. The mission's dramatic conclusion followed a voyage that unveiled previously unseen expanses of the lunar far side, a total solar eclipse, and a celestial display of planets. The four astronauts – commander Reid Wiseman, pilot Victor Glover, Christina Koch, and Canada's Jeremy Hansen – surfaced from their floating capsule into daylight off San Diego's coast. The lunar explorers' journey was a significant step towards establishing a permanent human presence on the moon. The Orion capsule, named Integrity, executed its entire descent automatically, striking the atmosphere at Mach 33 – 33 times the speed of sound – a scorching velocity unseen since the Apollo era. The capsule endured thousands of degrees during re-entry, with the heat shield performing crucially during this phase. The successful mission paves the way for NASA's planned moon landing by another crew in two years, followed by establishing a permanent lunar base within the decade. NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman praised the crew, saying, “These were the ambassadors from humanity to the stars that we sent out there right now, and I can’t imagine a better crew.” NASA's Mission Control erupted in celebration, with hundreds pouring in from the back support rooms. “We did it,” NASA’s Lori Glaze rejoiced at a news conference. “Welcome to our moonshot.”

NASA's Artemis II mission has achieved a major milestone with the successful return of its four astronauts to Earth, marking the end of a 10-day journey that took them farther into space than any human has gone before. The crew, comprising NASA astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, and Christina Koch, along with Canadian astronaut Jeremy Hansen, completed a parachute landing in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California at 5:07 pm Pacific time (00:07 GMT). This mission is a critical step towards future lunar exploration, particularly Artemis IV, which aims to land astronauts on the lunar surface for the first time since the Apollo era. The Artemis II mission tested essential technologies for deep space travel, including the performance of the Orion capsule's heat shield, navigation systems, and life-support technology. The mission also marked several historic firsts: Glover became the first person of color to travel around the moon, Koch the first woman, and Hansen the first non-American. During their journey, the crew witnessed a solar eclipse and meteorite impacts, and shared vivid descriptions of the lunar surface. Mission commander Wiseman reflected on the mission's significance, stating, "what we really hoped in our soul is that we could, for just a moment, have the world pause — and remember that this is a beautiful planet in a very special place in our universe".

NASA’s Artemis II crew has safely returned to Earth after completing the agency’s first crewed lunar flyby, marking a historic step in America’s deep‑space ambitions. The spacecraft performed a controlled splashdown in the Pacific Ocean, where recovery teams quickly secured the capsule and its three astronauts. The mission, which launched earlier this year, executed a high‑speed pass around the Moon, achieving a record‑breaking distance for a crewed vehicle and validating key navigation and life‑support systems for future lunar landings. Video released by NASA captures the dramatic moment of re‑entry, the capsule’s parachutes inflating, and the splashdown splash that signaled the mission’s successful conclusion. Officials praised the crew’s performance and the flawless execution of the recovery operation. While the splashdown itself is a technical triumph, the broader significance lies in the mission’s role as a stepping stone toward the upcoming Artemis III landing, which aims to put astronauts on the lunar surface for the first time since 1972. Analysts note that Artemis II’s success strengthens the United States’ leadership in space exploration and could accelerate international partnerships and commercial investment in lunar infrastructure.

NASA's Artemis II mission is nearing its final stage, with the Orion spacecraft set for a high-speed return to Earth and splashdown in the Pacific Ocean. The mission is a critical test for systems that the space agency plans to use in future crewed moon landings, including Artemis III.The splashdown, scheduled for April 11 at about 00:07 GMT (8:07pm ET on April 10), will mark the first time since Apollo 17 in 1972 that NASA and the Department of Defense are recovering a crewed spacecraft returning from the moon. The Orion spacecraft, named Integrity by the crew, will re-enter the atmosphere and splash down off the San Diego coast.NASA has set strict 'go' conditions for splashdown, including wave heights below six feet (1.8 meters), winds under 28.7mph (46 km/h), and no rain or lightning within a 30-nautical-mile radius. Clear visibility is also essential for tracking Orion and safely recovering the astronauts.The Orion spacecraft will come hurtling back to Earth, hitting the atmosphere at about 34,965 feet (10,657 meters) per second, roughly 23,800mph (38,300km/h), fast enough to travel from New York to Tokyo in less than 20 minutes. The spacecraft's heat shield, a critical component, will protect it from temperatures of up to 2,700 degrees Celsius (4,900 degrees Fahrenheit).The mission has raised concerns about the heat shield's performance, with some experts questioning its safety. However, NASA officials say they are confident in the shield's ability to protect the crew and have adjusted the re-entry path to limit stress on the shield.The splashdown and recovery will be broadcast live on NASA+, the NASA app, and YouTube channel. A detailed timeline for the final stages of the mission has been outlined, including the crew wakeup, cabin configuration, trajectory correction, module separation, atmospheric entry, communication blackout, and splashdown.

The Artemis II mission came to a close on Friday night with a gentle Pacific Ocean splashdown, marking a significant achievement in space exploration. The Orion capsule, carrying four astronauts, touched down off the coast of San Diego at 5:07 pm PT, bringing an end to a 10-day lunar odyssey.This mission marked a historic moment as the three Americans and one Canadian became the first people to travel beyond lower Earth orbit since the final Apollo mission in December 1972. The successful test flight around the far side of the moon appears to have met all its objectives, paving the way for future missions.The crew, consisting of Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, Christina Koch, and Jeremy Hansen, traveled 252,756 miles from Earth, setting a new record for the farthest human spaceflight. Koch became the only woman to have traveled to the moon and back, while Hansen became the first non-American, and Glover became the first person of color to achieve this feat.During their mission, the astronauts evaluated Orion's life support systems, radiation detectors, next-generation spacesuits, and tested other operations crucial to future deep-space missions. The mission also included a successful lunar flyby, with the crew capturing stunning video footage and high-resolution images of the lunar surface.The splashdown was a complex process, involving a succession of deployments of Orion's 11 parachutes at various altitudes to slow the spacecraft to a safe landing speed. The Coast Guard and NASA recovery crews were positioned to cover a large landing zone, ensuring a smooth recovery process.This mission marks a significant step forward for NASA's Artemis program, which aims to return humans to the moon by 2028. The success of Artemis II brings us closer to achieving this goal and paves the way for future missions to the moon and beyond.

From the world’s smallest footballing nation – a population of just 45,319 – the American Samoa women entered the 2026 World Cup qualifiers ranked 153rd, the lowest spot in the global rankings.Team captain Alma Mana’o describes the squad as a close‑knit family, noting that several sets of sisters play together and that the Mana’o family holds the record for the most relatives to appear at FIFA events.In November, the side faced Tonga, the tournament’s highest‑ranked opponent. 18‑year‑old Cassidy Drago etched her name into Samoan folklore by netting the nation’s first ever goal in women’s World Cup qualifying, followed quickly by a second, sealing a 3‑0 victory. The momentum continued with a win over the Cook Islands, cementing their reputation as genuine upset‑makers.The second round seemed to promise a return to reality when the Solomon Islands – 80 places above them in the rankings and 2025 Pacific Nations Cup champions – thrashed American Samoa 7‑1 in an Olympic qualifier. Yet, just 90 minutes later, the Samoans produced one of the competition’s most astonishing results: a 1‑0 win over the same opponents.That triumph was followed by another narrow victory, 1‑0 against neighbouring Samoa, securing a place in the final OFC qualifying round and completing the team’s evolution “from underdog to dark horse,” as Mana’o puts it.Looking ahead, American Samoa will meet Papua New Guinea in Auckland – the venue of their inaugural women’s international match 28 years ago. The squad now benefits from the guidance of Amanda Cromwell, the 1996 U.S. Olympic gold‑medal‑winning coach, who has overseen four wins in five games. Mana’o credits Cromwell with professionalising the program, from nutrition plans to dedicated training staff, and says the new standards will become the norm.Mana’o herself broke ground as the first “off‑island” player in 2011 at age 15, enduring an 8‑0 debut loss. Today she celebrates a new generation of teenagers, such as Mia Toeaina and Naiyah Ve’e, who are experiencing a vastly different, more positive football environment.

Iran and the United States announced a two‑week ceasefire that will also guarantee safe navigation through the strategically vital Strait of Hormuz, a chokepoint through which roughly 20% of the world’s oil supply moves.The pause comes as the conflict entered its 40th day, with hopes now fixed on a diplomatic breakthrough during talks scheduled to begin in Pakistan on Friday.President Donald Trump declared that the truce would be activated once Tehran fully reopened the waterway, linking the cessation of hostilities to the restoration of a critical global supply route.Celebrations erupted across Iran, and numerous world leaders publicly welcomed the development, describing it as a step toward broader regional stability.The fighting, which has drawn in virtually the entire Middle East, saw Iran claim to target U.S. assets in several Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states, while Gulf nations accused Tehran of striking civilian infrastructure.Hezbollah’s March 2 attacks on Israel pulled Lebanon into the war, and although Israel has signaled support for the ceasefire, it warned that the agreement does not extend to Lebanon.Against this backdrop, Gulf and neighboring states have issued statements outlining their positions on the ceasefire:Saudi Arabia welcomed the truce, urging an immediate end to regional attacks and calling for the Strait of Hormuz to be reopened, emphasizing that the ceasefire should lead to a “comprehensive sustainable pacification.”Qatar described the ceasefire as an “initial step toward de‑escalation,” stressing the need for rapid implementation, full adherence by Iran, and the protection of maritime security and international trade under international law.United Arab Emirates diplomatic adviser Anwar Gargash hailed the outcome as a victory for a war the UAE sought to avoid, claiming the nation now possesses greater leverage and capacity to shape regional affairs.Oman expressed appreciation for Pakistan’s mediation and called for intensified efforts to address the root causes of the conflict, aiming for a permanent end to hostilities.Iraq welcomed the ceasefire but urged the United States and Iran to launch “serious and sustainable dialogue” that tackles underlying disputes and rebuilds mutual trust.Egypt framed the truce as a crucial opportunity for negotiations, diplomacy, and dialogue, insisting that any lasting peace must respect freedom of navigation and consider the legitimate security concerns of Gulf states.Turkey supported the ceasefire and pledged backing for the upcoming Islamabad talks, emphasizing the importance of full ground‑level implementation and strict adherence by all parties.Sudan called the two‑week pause a “positive step toward de‑escalation,” highlighting its potential to foster diplomacy and regional stability.

The recent Artemis II mission, which sent astronauts to the far side of the moon, has sparked reflection on the dual implications of space travel. US astronaut Christina Koch encapsulated the profound appreciation for Earth that comes from experiencing it from space, echoing sentiments expressed by earlier space travellers.The Earthrise photograph from the Apollo 8 mission in 1968 is often credited with galvanizing the environmental movement. Similarly, journeys like Artemis II are hoped to foster global cooperation and a deeper appreciation for life. However, the current landscape of space exploration is complicated by the involvement of tech billionaires like Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk and the emerging post-terrestrial geopolitical battle between the US and China.There is a growing concern that the £100bn Artemis programme could divert attention and resources away from solving pressing environmental issues on Earth. This concern is particularly pertinent given that the US withdrew from the Paris climate agreement in the same year as the mission. The pursuit of space exploration must be balanced with the imperative to address ecological limits and protect the planet we currently inhabit.Despite these challenges, the unquenchable human curiosity and scientific value of space travel should not be dismissed. The Artemis II launch was made possible by a rare display of bipartisan support for NASA in Congress. The achievements of the scientists, astronauts, and support teams are a testament to the positive aspects of space exploration.The mission to the moon's dark side, while not a solution to the world's problems, represents a significant scientific and exploratory milestone. The crew has seen more of the moon and travelled further from Earth than anyone before them. As the world watches their return and landing in the Pacific Ocean, it's clear that space exploration continues to captivate and inspire, even as it poses complex questions about our priorities and responsibilities.