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The ongoing United States-Israeli conflict with Iran has triggered severe disruptions to global LNG supplies in the Gulf, creating the most significant energy market disruptions in recent years. The critical Strait of Hormuz, through which 27 percent of the world's maritime oil trade and 20 percent of LNG shipments pass, has been brought to a near standstill.In response to the conflict, oil-producing nations such as Saudi Arabia have rerouted oil through alternative pipelines, while Qatar has completely halted LNG production at its Ras Laffan and Mesaieed facilities following attacks on its energy infrastructure. This disruption comes as natural gas makes up about a quarter of global energy consumption, raising widespread concerns about the impact on nations heavily reliant on gas imports.Natural gas is formed over millions of years from decomposed organic matter subjected to intense heat and pressure beneath the Earth's surface. LNG represents natural gas that has been cooled to -162 degrees Celsius through cryogenic processing, shrinking it to a 600th of its gaseous volume. In its liquid state, LNG is colorless, odorless, and non-flammable, making it safe and efficient to transport across vast distances.Before liquefaction, the gas undergoes purification through water-based solvents and molecular sieve beds to remove impurities including carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, water, and mercury. Heavier hydrocarbons are then separated from methane and ethane through fractionation. The resulting fuel is typically composed of 85 to 95 percent methane, with small amounts of ethane, propane, butane, and nitrogen.LNG is stored in large insulated tanks without requiring high-pressure infrastructure, then pumped onto double-hulled carriers for shipment to terminals worldwide. At destination facilities, LNG is heated using seawater or warm water baths until it vaporizes—a process known as regasification—before being distributed through pipelines for consumption.Once returned to a gaseous state, LNG serves multiple purposes globally. Residential applications include cooking, heating, and electricity generation, while supporting hot water systems in homes and heating for commercial buildings. In power generation, LNG offers a comparatively low-carbon alternative to coal and oil. Industrial applications span fertilizers, plastics, paints, and medicines, with LNG also used to fuel heavy-duty vehicles and ships.The disruption has particularly affected agricultural production, as Gulf nations export close to half the world's traded urea—a key fertilizer component. Natural gas serves as both the primary feedstock and fuel for fertilizer manufacturing, with the halt in production forcing producers across the region to suspend or reduce operations.While primarily valued as an energy source, LNG processing yields significant by-products with industrial and medical applications. The most notable is helium, extracted during cryogenic processing. With global helium production estimated at 180 million cubic meters annually, the disruption to Qatar's LNG facilities has removed approximately 5.2 million cubic meters from the market each month—accounting for about a third of global monthly production.Helium is critical for cooling superconducting magnets in MRI and CT scanners, with the average MRI machine requiring about 1,700 liters of liquid helium. The element is also vital to the data center industry, where it conducts heat away from silicon components, preventing damage to semiconductors. Additionally, the natural gas value chain generates petrochemical derivatives that serve as feedstock for manufactured goods, including medical-grade plastics.According to the International Gas Union's 2025 World LNG Report, 411.24 million tonnes of LNG were traded in 2024. The United States emerged as the largest exporter with 88.4 million tonnes, followed by Australia (81 million tonnes), Qatar (77.2 million tonnes), Russia (33.5 million tonnes), and Malaysia (27.7 million tonnes). Together, these top five suppliers account for more than three-quarters of global LNG supply.China was the largest importer with 78.6 million tonnes in 2024, followed by Japan (67.7 million tonnes), South Korea (47.1 million tonnes), India (26.1 million tonnes), and Taiwan (21.8 million tonnes). These top five importers constituted nearly 59 percent of all global LNG imports that year.South Asian nations face particularly severe risks from the current conflict. Pakistan, where natural gas accounts for 28 percent of electricity generation for its 250 million people, and Bangladesh, where gas supplies half of all electricity for its 176 million population, are heavily dependent on Gulf imports. Qatar and the United Arab Emirates supply approximately 99 percent of Pakistan's LNG imports and 72 percent of Bangladesh's.In response to the energy crisis, Pakistan has implemented emergency measures including a four-day workweek for government employees and extended school holidays. Bangladesh has reduced gas supplies and is seeking nearly $2 billion in international loans to fund energy inputs and maintain price stability. India, which relies on Gulf nations for about half of its LNG and generates 5 percent of its electricity from gas, has shifted toward coal usage as LNG disruptions continue.

Saracens host Northampton Saints at Tottenham Hotspur Stadium in a crucial Premiership Rugby match, with Saracens' director of rugby Mark McCall stressing that defeat is not an option for his team to stay in contention for the playoffs.The match pits two top coaches against each other, with McCall's Saracens, currently sixth in the table, eight points behind fourth-placed Exeter, looking to bounce back from a 62-15 thrashing by Bath last weekend. Northampton, table-topping and on a five-match winning streak, aims to maintain their lead.Maro Itoje and Rhys Carré return to Saracens' starting lineup, while Elliot Daly makes his 100th appearance. Northampton's director of rugby, Phil Dowson, has his team well-prepared, with players like Fin Smith, Tommy Freeman, and Henry Pollock in the starting XV.Dowson praised his team's heart and passion in their recent win against Newcastle, achieved without some key players. He emphasized the importance of team spirit and togetherness as they look to continue their momentum.McCall expressed confidence in his team's character to respond to the previous defeat, highlighting Itoje's great form and the need to manage his workload carefully. The match promises to be an intense and crucial encounter in the Premiership Rugby title race.

The UK government is facing mounting pressure to appoint a Conservative former cabinet minister as the next chair of Ofcom, the media regulator. Jeremy Wright, a former culture secretary and sitting Conservative MP, is competing against Margaret Hodge, a Labour peer and former MP, for the role.The appointment has become crucial amid concerns over the rapid growth of online content and the rise of politically partisan broadcasting. The Online Safety Act, which aims to tackle harmful online content, has created legal pitfalls for Ofcom, leading to claims of paralysis at the regulator.Wright, who was involved in drafting laws to tackle harmful online content, is seen as a strong candidate due to his legal background as a king's counsel and his knowledge of the Online Safety Act. He is believed to be willing to take risks in confronting big digital platforms.On the other hand, Hodge has been seen as the favourite to be appointed by the Labour administration. As chair of the public accounts committee, she built a reputation for attacking big tech over its tax bill and has previously suggested banning online anonymity and making social media directors personally liable for defamatory posts.The delay in appointing a new chair is causing concern, with some warning that it could leave Britain at risk. The new chair must address fundamental flaws in Ofcom's implementation of the Online Safety Act and restore the frayed support and confidence of civil society.A government source said a decision would be made very soon. An Ofcom spokesperson said the regulator looks forward to working with whoever the government appoints as its next chair to make life safer online.

Everton Football Club is set to offer David Moyes a new contract this summer, recognizing his achievements in turning the team around from relegation threats to potential European qualification contenders. Moyes, who took over in January of last year, has led the team to eighth place in the Premier League, just three points shy of the Champions League qualification spots. Initially viewed as a short-term solution by Everton's owners, the Friedkin Group, Moyes has proven his worth, prompting the club to consider extending his two-and-a-half-year deal. The Friedkin Group, who completed their £400m takeover of Everton the previous month, are now convinced that Moyes is the right manager to lead the club forward. Moyes' potential new contract could also come with increased influence over player recruitment, similar to his first stint at Everton from 2002 to 2013. The 62-year-old manager has downplayed discussions about a new deal, stating, 'I'm not too worried about that, I'm fine.' Everton's improvement under Moyes is notable, especially considering his preference for working with more experienced players, such as Jack Grealish and Kiernan Dewsbury-Hall, who joined last summer. This strategy contrasts with younger players like Tyler Dibling, who has made limited appearances. A potential complication for Everton's European aspirations is the ownership situation, as the Friedkin Group also owns AS Roma, currently sixth in Serie A. UEFA regulations prevent clubs under the same ownership from competing in the same European competition. However, the Friedkin Group is confident in their compliance and has an alternative solution in place to ensure both clubs can participate if they qualify for the same competition.

Brazil and France, ranked fifth and third in the world respectively, are gearing up for the FIFA World Cup with a high-profile friendly match in the United States on Thursday. The match at the Gillette Stadium near Boston, Massachusetts, marks the first meeting between the two teams in 11 years. The friendly comes as both teams finalize their preparations for the World Cup, with Brazil hoping to capitalize on the appointment of coach Carlo Ancelotti to boost their chances of winning a record-extending sixth World Cup title. Ancelotti's impact on the team will be closely watched, especially with key players like Vinicius Junior leading the charge. For France, the focus is on Kylian Mbappe, who has overcome a knee injury to return to action. Mbappe's fitness had been a concern, but he expressed confidence in his ability to contribute to the team during the international break. Brazil's form has been inconsistent, with six defeats in 18 World Cup qualifying games. However, Ancelotti's arrival has brought renewed optimism, and the team will look to build momentum ahead of the World Cup. Neymar's absence has been a significant talking point, with Ancelotti citing physical issues as the reason for the star player's exclusion from the squad. The match also provides an opportunity for younger players like Rayan, an uncapped 19-year-old, to make their mark. As both teams aim to peak at the right time for the World Cup, Thursday's friendly will offer valuable insights into their preparations and potential strategies.

Castleford Tigers produced a stunning performance to defeat Bradford Bulls in a highly entertaining Super League match. The Tigers' attack clicked into gear, with Jason Qareqare scoring a hat-trick and leading his team's charge to a convincing victory.The match was a West Yorkshire derby that lived up to expectations, with both teams showing flashes of brilliance. However, it was Castleford who ultimately dominated the game, scoring 28 unanswered points in a 10-minute period either side of half-time to transform a nervy contest into a decisive win.Ryan Carr's Castleford side had been under pressure after a heavy defeat last week, but they responded with a confident display. Carr praised his team's performance, saying, “How we played tonight is how we want to play our rugby.”In contrast, Bradford Bulls' coach Kurt Haggerty was left to ponder what might have been, saying, “You shouldn’t score 28 points in a game and lose.” The Bulls' defensive frailties were exposed, and they will need to address these issues if they are to exceed expectations in 2026.The win for Castleford was a significant one, as it moved them up the table and gave them a much-needed boost in confidence. For Bradford, the loss was a disappointing one, but they will look to bounce back in their next match.

Gio Reyna has expressed his gratitude and determination to repay Mauricio Pochettino's faith in him as the US national team prepares for friendlies against Belgium and Portugal. Reyna's call-up to the team may have come as a surprise to some, given his limited playing time at Borussia Mönchengladbach this season, with only 13 appearances and 26 minutes played since January. Reyna has faced challenges with injuries and attitude concerns, including a perceived lack of effort in training during the 2022 World Cup in Qatar. However, Pochettino seems to be making an exception for Reyna, who impressed in the USMNT's November friendlies against Paraguay and Uruguay. Reyna contributed a goal and an assist in those matches, showcasing his talent and potential. “We really know he's a very talented and very special player,” Pochettino said. “To give the possibility, even if he's not playing too much in his club, it can be very useful for us.” Reyna praised Pochettino, saying they have a great relationship and that the coach keeps the team's energy and vibes positive. With the World Cup approaching, Reyna's spot on Pochettino's 26-man roster appears secure. However, his playing time remains uncertain, as he competes with Malik Tillman and Diego Luna for a spot in the lineup. Despite this, Reyna exuded positivity, saying he feels confident and appreciated by the staff, who encourage him to enjoy his game and play with freedom.

Retailer Next has reported a £1.16bn pre-tax profit for the full year, with the Middle East conflict expected to add only £15m to fuel and air freight costs. This amount, which assumes a three-month disruption, is considered minimal and can be offset by savings elsewhere.Chief Executive Simon Wolfson added £8m to this year's profit forecast as a mechanical read-through from last year's outcome, indicating that trading had been “encouraging” in the UK and “strong” overseas until late February.The main concern for Next is the potential long-term impact of the conflict on supply chain resilience, freight rates, factory gate prices, and consumer demand. Wolfson emphasized that the company has no insight into the duration and implications of the conflict, stating, “As yet, we have no feel for the medium-term effects”.If higher costs persist, Next may put up prices, but this remains “a contingency, not a plan”. The company will provide a clearer view in its first-quarter update in May.Wolfson also offered nuanced insights, suggesting that consumer confidence may not have collapsed as much as some, like the British Retail Consortium, have claimed. He noted that UK consumers tend to react to actual higher prices, not the threat of them.Additionally, Next's spring-summer ranges are already in stores, online, and warehouses, minimizing the immediate need for adjustments. Any increases in fabric costs or production disruptions in Asian factories would mostly affect autumn-winter ranges.The stock market responded positively, with Next's shares rising 5% to £125.40. This resilience could indicate potential for a profit upgrade in May if the £15m in extra costs turns out to be the worst of it.However, no retailer will be immune if the energy price shock persists and the OECD's prediction of UK economic growth of just 0.7% this year materializes.

Google has issued a warning that quantum computers could potentially break most existing encryption systems by 2029, posing a significant threat to current cryptographic standards. The tech giant is urging banks, governments, and technology providers to prepare for this emerging threat.In a blog post, Google stated that the encryption currently used to keep information confidential and secure could easily be broken by a large-scale quantum computer in the coming years. The company, owned by Alphabet, emphasized the need for post-quantum cryptography migration to protect sensitive data.While quantum computers are still a nascent technology, Google, Microsoft, and universities across the UK and the US are actively building systems that harness the physics of quantum mechanics to perform extremely sophisticated mathematical calculations. However, constructing a powerful quantum computer with hundreds of thousands or even millions of stable qubits remains a significant technological challenge.Leonie Mueck, formerly the chief product officer of Riverlane, a Cambridge-based quantum startup, noted that Google's statement does not necessarily mean a working quantum computer capable of breaking encryption will definitely exist by 2029. Most timelines for a cryptographically relevant quantum computer range from the 2030s to the 2050s.Despite this, governments and organizations are already preparing for the eventuality that data stored to today's encryption standards would be exposed when the technology sufficiently advances. The UK's cybersecurity agency, the National Cyber Security Centre, has urged organizations to guard their systems against quantum hackers by 2035.Google's timeline suggests that engineering teams across the technology industry should consider measures to protect sensitive data by migrating to more advanced encryption systems now. Certain kinds of attacks predicated on the future availability of quantum decryption – “store now, decrypt later” – may currently be being deployed across the field.