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The Lead: A Critical Test for International Climate JusticeThe UN's willingness to tackle the climate crisis through legal means will be tested next week during a pivotal vote of the UN General Assembly in New York. Every member state is being asked to back a series of landmark findings on climate justice from the International Court of Justice (ICJ) as part of a new political resolution that could establish legal responsibility for cutting greenhouse gas emissions.The ICJ's Landmark Climate Ruling: A Historic Win for Vulnerable NationsThe ICJ's advisory opinion, published last year following hearings in the Hague, had been requested by an unprecedented 132 states without opposition in 2023. This unanimous decision was hailed as a "historic win" for small island states, particularly those facing existential threats from rising sea levels. The opinion establishes that countries have legal obligations to address climate change, including tackling fossil fuel production and use.The Pacific island nation of Vanuatu has since been leading a group of states to draft a resolution that welcomes the ICJ opinion and aims to help it make a difference on the ground. Ahead of the UN vote on May 20, Vanuatu is seeking support from as many other nations as possible, aiming to match or exceed the 132 co-sponsors of the original request.The Diplomatic Negotiations: Balancing Legal Clarity with Political RealityThe text of the resolution has undergone significant changes since an initial draft circulated in February. Notably, calls for a "rapid, just and quantified phase-out of fossil fuel production and use" were replaced with a more moderate urge to transition away. An original aim to set up an international register of climate damage was dropped altogether.These changes reflect pressure from major powers, particularly the US, which lobbied to drop the resolution entirely. However, Vanuatu's climate justice envoy, Lee-Ann Sackett, emphasized that the text was adjusted to be both "meaningful and unifying," with explicit reassurances where requested and safeguards where restraint was asked for.The final text clearly states that the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement remain the primary international forums for negotiating climate responses. It explicitly notes that the resolution does not adjudicate disputes, attribute responsibility to specific states, create new obligations, or prejudice existing legal positions.The Global Significance: Beyond Environmental Policy to International Legal AuthorityDespite the compromises, the resolution represents more than just environmental policy—it's a test for the credibility of the international legal system. The ICJ's opinion is already being used in climate litigation worldwide and referenced by judges in climate-related rulings, though it has faced resistance in diplomatic circles.The resolution's importance extends beyond its text, particularly for small island developing states. For these nations, "this is about the affirmation and protection of our territories, sovereignty and fundamental rights of our populations," according to Tania Romualdo, the permanent representative of Cape Verde to the UN representing the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS).The unusual engagement from states that typically don't intervene on climate texts highlights the broader significance of this vote. As Sackett noted, delegations recognize this is about "the authority of the court, the integrity of the UN system and how we translate legal clarification into multilateral cooperation."The Future Outlook: Implementation and International CooperationRegardless of the vote's outcome, the ICJ's advisory opinion is already influencing global climate action. It has been referenced at international climate talks and fossil fuel conferences, with leaders like Vanuatu's climate minister emphasizing that international cooperation is indispensable for addressing what the court has identified as a legal obligation.The resolution, if passed, will call on all states to comply with their existing obligations as established by the ICJ and help member states think through implementation. While the text has been softened to gain broader support, it still represents a significant step toward formalizing climate responsibilities in international law.For small island states, this process has required many sacrifices and compromises, but they reflect the reality of negotiation in a system where major powers hold significant influence. The vote will determine whether the international community is willing to translate legal clarity into concrete action on climate change.

The Lead The V&A;'s "Rising Voices" exhibition attempts to condense three decades of art from across Asia, Australia, and the Pacific into just three rooms, creating both an impressive display and significant limitations in telling the full story of the region's diverse artistic traditions. The Exhibition's Cultural Treasures The opening room features an array of remarkable works including bark cloth paintings from Papua New Guinea, Indigenous Australian abstracts, shark sculptures from the Torres Strait, and Tahitian textiles. Indigenous and First Nations artists form the heart of the exhibition, with stunning pieces like Lila Warrimou and Pennyrose Sosa's hypnotic bark cloth paintings where every shape carries specific cultural meanings. Aline Amaru's Tahitian quilt tells the story of her husband's dynastic lineage, representing the rich cultural heritage preserved through art. Art as Historical and Political Resistance Many works in the exhibition carry the heavy burden of colonial history. Elisabet Kauage depicts Melanesian figures being transported in Captain Cook's ship, while Sri Lankan artist Pala Pothupitiye paints over historical colonial maps to expose injustices. Brenda V Fajardo portrays Filipino women enduring under colonial rule. Beyond historical contexts, many artists created work under political oppression—Svay Ken painted quietly through Cambodia's Khmer Rouge regime, Heri Dono produced his grotesque cubistic works under President Suharto's dictatorship, and Maryam Ayeen and Abbas Shahsavar depict contemporary Iranian life pressures. The Exhibition's Design Limitations The presentation of this vibrant art faces significant criticism. The exhibition employs "dull, grey and depressing lighting more akin to a funeral home" that fails to showcase the bright, colorful nature of the works. A single, mournful piano ballad loops loudly throughout the space, creating an unwelcoming atmosphere that discourages prolonged viewing. These design choices undermine the powerful and often beautiful artworks they're meant to highlight. The Challenge of Comprehensive Representation The fundamental issue lies in the exhibition's scope—attempting to represent art from dozens of countries, countless Indigenous populations, and multiple continents in just three rooms. Each segment—Pakistani miniature painting, Indigenous Australian photography, Papua New Guinean textiles—deserves its own comprehensive exhibition. The current format offers merely "a barely cracked window into a vast world" without providing a cohesive narrative thread connecting these diverse artistic traditions. The Future of Global Art Exhibitions The "Rising Voices" exhibition highlights both the richness of Asia-Pacific art and the challenges of representing such diversity within institutional constraints. Future exhibitions of this scale must either commit to comprehensive, in-depth explorations of specific artistic traditions or develop stronger curatorial frameworks that can meaningfully connect diverse works without reducing their cultural significance. The V&A; has presented a glimpse into a vast world of art, but there remains immense opportunity to more fully celebrate the incredible diversity of contemporary art from across this region.

New research from the International Data Center Association (IDCA) reveals that datacentres are now responsible for roughly 6% of electricity consumption in the United Kingdom and the United States, intensifying public and political scrutiny over the sector’s rapid energy growth.Datacentre Power Demand Hits 6% of UK and US GridsThe study notes a 15% worldwide increase in datacentre electricity use over the past two years, driven by the surge in AI workloads and internet traffic. Annual global investment in new facilities is approaching $1tn (£740bn), equivalent to nearly 1% of the global economy. In the UK, datacentre electricity share has risen to 5.9%, while the US sits at 6%, far above the global average of 2%. Smaller nations such as Singapore and Lithuania face even higher pressures, with datacentres consuming 19% and 11% of their national grids respectively.Financial and Energy Metrics Highlight Rapid GrowthGlobal investment: ~$1tn in 2025UK grid‑connection queue: grew 460% in H1 2025US “zombie” services: account for 13% of datacentre load, equating to over 3 GW of wasted powerProjected UK demand: could quadruple by 2030These figures align with the International Energy Agency’s estimate that global energy use by datacentres rose 17% in 2025, outpacing overall electricity demand growth of 3%.Community Pushback and Policy Implications Across NationsThe IDCA warns that once a country’s datacentre footprint reaches the 5%‑6% threshold, “significant community and political pushback” becomes inevitable. In the UK, activists and groups such as Greenpeace UK have warned of an “unchecked AI boom” leading to higher energy bills, water‑stress, and renewed reliance on fossil fuels. The report calls for:Greater transparency from tech firms on future datacentre plansMandatory environmental impact assessmentsA ban on new polluting power plants dedicated to AI workloadsAdditionally, the study highlights emerging security concerns, noting that recent attacks on datacentres in the Middle East have underscored the need for integrated cyber‑physical protection strategies.Outlook: Regulation, Transparency, and Security Challenges AheadLooking forward, the IDCA predicts that pressure will mount for:Stricter national grid connection policies to curb the 460% surge in pending requestsIndustry‑wide standards to eliminate “zombie” services and improve energy efficiencyCoordinated security frameworks that address both cyber threats and physical vulnerabilitiesIf policymakers act swiftly, the sector could mitigate its environmental footprint while sustaining the growth of AI and cloud services. Failure to do so may trigger broader societal resistance and accelerate regulatory clampdowns.

The Cultural Phenomenon of Northern SoulAlan Byron's film is an absorbing docu-celebration of the northern soul scene that flourished from the late 1960s to the end of the 1970s. It was a fascinating, vernacular youth movement and a kind of regional open secret: a club culture, a zine culture, a music-and-fashion culture which uncynically invented and sustained itself without the need for any svengali figure from London to keep the show on the road. Northern soul fans were passionate about thumpingly sensual mid-60s American soul, a musical style which they kept alive on the all-night dancefloor by doing spectacular spins and drops, while the official voice of the music business decreed that disco or MOR rock or glam or heavy metal was where it was at.The Wigan Casino LegacyDJs would travel to the US to sort through the boxes and mounds of 7-inch vinyl which had been discarded by Motown and the radio stations – basically prospecting for gold – and bring it back to northern English clubs. The principal clearing house was the mighty Wigan Casino which mounted legendary all-nighters from 2am to 8am, attracting soul fans from miles around who knew that this was the only place where certain tracks could be heard. (No Spotify or Apple Music in those days.)Cultural Resistance and RecognitionLicensing laws meant that only Coca-Cola could be served, but dancers took amphetamine, a part of the northern soul scene that has perhaps only recently been acknowledged fully, and is in fact not looked into all that closely here. It carried on through the 1970s, all but ignored by the cultural gatekeepers of the south; that is, until documentarist Tony Palmer brought his cameras and lights into the club to make The Wigan Casino as part of Granada TV's This England strand, an outsider incursion grumblingly resented at the time but now treasured as a unique archive record.Understanding the Movement's IdentityWhat is fascinating about northern soul is the way it survived under the media-cultural radar and appears to resist larger interpretive analysis. It was not overtly political, unlike punk or reggae, and there is no consensus here about the status of the northern soul consumers. Were they unemployed, poor, alienated and angry? Not necessarily. Many here recall having good jobs and apprenticeships of the sort they wouldn't have now.Enduring Influence and MysteriesAs for whether it was revolutionary in any sexual sense, commentator Paul Mason suggests that there was something homoerotic in the male atmosphere. Maybe, yes: but no one here has any first-hand experience to share about that. As for the Wigan Casino itself, the building's lease was terminated by the council at the end of the 70s prior to planned demolition; just when the tenants might have disputed this, the building mysteriously burned to the ground. (Maybe we need David Peace to write a novel about that.) Northern soul was clearly the godfather of the club and rave scenes of the 90s and beyond, but for me, a question remains: what did the American acts themselves think of it? Were they ever tempted (or invited) to play live at the Wigan Casino?

A Novel of Female Defiance"Yes, you will leave this place," the chorus of child protagonists in a community of sex workers say at the start of Tahmima Anam's incantatory and fiery new novel of female defiance, Uprising. "This story will save your life," we were told three times in Deepa Anappara's 2020 debut, also featuring precarious children dwelling in the margins. What is the distance between imagination and action, lived realities and dreams? How can solidarities be forged in such circumstances? Uprising holds within its pages some answers and a deep conviction – for a better life, a more just world – and then reaches out and fights for it.The Island Community and Its OppressionAs a journalist, Anam visited the infamous "floating brothel" Banishanta in Bangladesh; her new novel, set on an isolated island "at the end of the country, in the middle of a river that emptied into the sea", fictionalises the island's community and ecological precarity. Here, a generation of daughters grow up watching their mothers trapped in sex work – "we knew that the work was something that was paid for in money, and also in bodies" – and wish a different life for themselves. The women are controlled by the cruel Amma, who was once herself sold into sex trafficking. The victim becomes the perpetrator – and the children are discerning enough to know that their mothers are "not here because they had done something bad, but because something bad had been done to them". The first lesson of the island? No one is coming to save you – and living here changes you, as inexorably as the rising tides.The island is a prison. The mothers are ghosts of their former selves. The children, witnessing the "sexing", are all too grown up, stripped of their innocence. By the time they are born, their mothers' memories have faded "like paint in the sun"; they live on the island "tied to" their daughters. What, or who, will it take to break free from these chains?Feminism and Climate Crisis in LiteratureWhen the waters rise, customers stay away. The mothers speculate: "the swirling river was keeping the smaller boats from making the journey"; "the land was cursed". In a last-ditch attempt to lure men back for business, Amma sends for a new girl. Little does she know that Kusum Khan's arrival will signal the beginning of the end. A girl from the city with a history of participating in protests against the Dictator, she doesn't acquiesce to the island's rules, as the others have been conditioned to; instead, she sows the seeds for what will grow into a life-altering act of resistance. The children start to believe that she is their saviour – maybe even Bon Bibi, a legendary guardian of the forest. A different life seems graspable, just beyond the island's shore. When the titular uprising at last arrives, it summons an all-consuming storm, washing over the island. And the reader, too, is ready to join the revolution – their fist in the open air.Uprising is a feminist novel ("here they were: a wall of women") and a protest novel ("The moment Kusum entered the protest, she felt as if she was becoming a small organ in a living, breathing thing"). It is a coming-of-age novel, and a response to the climate crisis; a story of sisterhood protecting, and failing to protect; of structural inequality and the rotten core of patriarchal corruption; of unlucky women in an unfair world. "When the men came to reclaim the island, we stood rooted in place with our eyes closed, unable to watch. We stood rooted in place with our eyes open, unable to stop watching." While the mothers and daughters in Anam's fictional world are victims of specific generational violence, this observation can be applied to humanity at large: we are all watching – frozen, complicit – as injustices rise the world over.The Power of Rage and Radical HopeThrough her unwaveringly political and unflinchingly forthright novel, Anam shows the power of rage and radical hope. A new world can burn bright from the fires of injustice – and here, it's the mothers that hold the match.

Demi Moore warned at a Cannes press conference that the film industry “cannot fight” the rise of artificial intelligence, describing resistance as a losing battle and calling for collaborative approaches.The Cannes Jury’s Candid Take on AI’s Inevitable RoleDuring a Tuesday press conference, the actress – a member of the Cannes Film Festival jury – answered questions about AI’s impact on cinema. She said, “AI is here. To fight it is a battle we will lose,” and suggested that filmmakers should explore ways to work with the technology rather than oppose it.Absence of Quantitative Data Highlights Qualitative ConcernsThe discussion contained no specific financial figures or usage statistics, underscoring that the debate is currently driven by ethical and creative considerations rather than measurable market impacts.Implications for Filmmakers and the Regulatory LandscapeMoore expressed doubt that the industry is doing enough to protect creators, hinting at a need for stronger regulation.Fellow juror Park Chan-wook reinforced the idea that art and politics should not be divided, linking the AI conversation to broader questions of creative freedom.Screenwriter Paul Laverty warned of potential “blacklisting” in Hollywood, suggesting that AI‑driven content controls could exacerbate existing censorship pressures.Future Outlook: Collaboration Over ConflictMoore concluded that the “beautiful aspects” of AI can enhance filmmaking, but the “true art” will always come from the human soul. The prevailing view among the jury is that embracing AI as a tool, while safeguarding artistic integrity, will shape the next era of cinema.

The Unparalleled Experience of CannesNothing prepares you for the shock that is the Cannes film festival: the adrenaline, the fatigue, the elation and the emotion, but also the hunger, the anger, the magic and the ridicule. For young cinephiles, and for almost everybody who works in the film industry, it is the mecca of cinema and has been so for nearly eight decades. Anyone going for the first time this week, as I did 25 years ago, should not listen to the old grognards – Cannes' battle-worn veterans – who will lament that the festival has become an abominable circus and swear this year will be their last. It is a circus, and you can bet they will be back for as long as their knees can take it. For there is nothing quite like it.From Resistance to Global Cinema HubBorn to counteract Benito Mussolini's Venice film festival, its first edition was planned for September 1939, but Adolf Hitler had other plans. The previous year, under pressure from Berlin and Rome, the Venice film festival's top prize, the Coppa Mussolini, was handed to Leni Riefenstahl's propaganda film Olympia, prompting the French, British and American delegates to walk out. Hence Cannes, conceived as the festival of the "free world". More than 80 years later, for all its sins, it has remained faithful to that founding promise.The Expansive Scale of Modern CannesOver the decades, Cannes has mutated into an ever-hungrier mammoth, needing more space, and more venues, as it attracts an increasing number of journalists and professionals. A purpose-built Palais des Festivals had to be erected in the 1980s. "The bunker", as we have come to call it, is not exactly beautiful but brutally efficient at managing Cannes' mind-boggling crowds. This year, about 40,000 accredited festival-goers are descending on the French Riviera from 140 different countries, with dozens of films selected across all sidebars. At the same time, the Marché du Film, running alongside the festival since the late 1960s, is gathering about 16,000 participants, with thousands of films and projects up for sale. Cannes is both a summit for the cinema elite and a giant film bazaar.Three Worlds Colliding at La CroisetteFor 11 days in May, three different worlds lead parallel lives – critics, deal-makers and red-carpet royalty – colliding almost by accident on the seafront boulevard known as La Croisette. Hundreds of critics watch multiple films a day with monastic discipline. When they give in to parties, they bitterly regret it the next morning. You can spot some of us sleeping through entire screenings; how some colleagues manage to review films is a mystery. I remember a well-known French critic who had such vivid dreams in the darkness that he became convinced they were scenes in the films. His reviews were full of brilliant analysis of moments that did not exist.We critics rush between screenings, press conferences, interviews, our desks and the bunker's free espresso machines, often forgetting to eat or even pee. Downstairs, in the bunker's basement, and in hotel suites and rented apartments, the film market runs day and night: buyers juggle numbers, producers charm, directors and screenwriters fight for their vision. Above them floats Cannes' top layer – stars and "talent" spending hours in hair and makeup before climbing the 24 steps of the red carpet in borrowed couture and jewellery. When people in the industry groan, "oh God, it's Cannes again", it is this collision of financial anxiety, choreographed glamour and sheer exhaustion they are bracing themselves for.The Magic and Meaning Behind the GlamourThese worlds sometimes collide in the most poetic or grotesque ways. One morning, rushing to my first screening at 7.30am, I was walking along the Croisette when I saw, coming towards me, slightly dishevelled in a tuxedo, Jack Nicholson on his way back to his hotel after a long night. I smiled, he smiled back. He was alone, no bodyguards, no chaperones. Those were the days. I also shared a lift with Takeshi Kitano in full samurai attire, and I will never forget turning into a hotel corridor and finding myself nose to nose with Max von Sydow – Ingmar Bergman's medieval knight from The Seventh Seal. My cinephile heart skipped a beat.One of my favourite sidebars in Cannes, alongside the competition where you watch the year's best crop of films, is Cannes Classics, showing restored world masterpieces and documentaries about cinema. I always start the festival there: it is the best way to reset and begin afresh. Then I am ready for the 10-day onslaught of motion pictures, and for the magic moment that precedes each Cannes screening – the festival's own jingle, a palm ascending the red carpet from underwater and then into the sky, lifted by the ethereal arpeggios of Camille Saint-Saëns's Carnival of the Animals.Cannes: Enduring Symbol of Cinematic ResistanceIn 1955, Cannes gave its first official Palme d'Or to Delbert Mann's Marty; half a century later I found myself befriending its wonderful star, Betsy Blair, on the Croisette. I had the joy of seeing Ken Loach twice climbing those steps to collect the Palme, escorted by police outriders from Nice airport as if he were a head of state. I watched Iranian directors Jafar Panahi and Mohammad Rasoulof showing films at peril to their lives. For all the craziness of the red carpet and the samurai outfits, Cannes never forgets that it was founded as a gesture of resistance. That, as much as the glamour and the exhaustion, is why we keep going back.

Study Shows Fetal Exposure to Vegetable Flavours Influences Post‑Birth PreferencesThe research team gave pregnant volunteers powdered kale or carrot capsules during the third trimester and later measured their children’s facial reactions to the same smells. Reactions were recorded via ultrasound before birth, repeated at three weeks, and again when the children were about three years old.Methodology: Kale and Carrot Powder Capsules Administered to Expectant MothersParticipants were asked to swallow a capsule each day containing either kale or carrot powder. The study avoided large volumes of juice, which many volunteers found unpalatable, opting for a low‑cost capsule format.Capsules administered in late pregnancy (around 32 weeks gestation).Initial chemosensory response captured with ultrasound imaging.Follow‑up assessments at 3 weeks and 3 years post‑birth.Sample Size and Observed Reactions Reveal Early Flavor MemoryAlthough the cohort was modest, the findings were consistent:12 children were observed at age three.Infants exposed to carrot powder smiled when presented with a carrot scent and grimaced at kale, and vice‑versa for the kale group.The same preference pattern was evident in the ultrasound scans before birth.These results suggest that flavour exposure in utero can create a durable chemosensory memory.Potential Public‑Health Benefits of Early Dietary ConditioningIf replicated on a larger scale, the approach could offer a low‑cost strategy for improving population nutrition:Reducing childhood resistance to vegetables may lower long‑term risks of obesity and diet‑related diseases.Capsules are inexpensive and could be integrated into routine prenatal supplements.The concept is adaptable to different cultural diets, as noted by the researchers’ interest in fish‑rich Japanese diets.Next Steps: Larger Trials and Cross‑Cultural ApplicationsThe authors acknowledge the need for a bigger, funded study to confirm the effect across diverse populations. Future research aims to:Expand the sample size to hundreds of mother‑child pairs.Test additional flavours and odourants, including artificial sweeteners.Explore policy pathways for incorporating flavour‑exposure capsules into prenatal care guidelines.Published in Developmental Psychobiology, the paper titled “Do Human Fetuses Form Long‑Lasting Chemosensory Memories?” opens a new avenue for early nutritional interventions.

Survey Reveals Strong Patriotic Sentiment Among UK Millionaires The research, commissioned by Patriotic Millionaires UK and carried out by Survation, asked 501 individuals with assets over £1 million (excluding their homes) about their attachment to the United Kingdom and their willingness to fund public services through higher taxation. Key Numbers: Pride, Concern, and Tax‑Paying Willingness 88% of respondents agreed with the statement “I am proud to live in the UK”. 75% said they would be willing to pay more tax to ensure social, cultural, and economic assets are properly funded. 64% support increasing taxes on capital and assets of the wealthiest to reduce the overall tax burden. 43% identified doctors and other qualified health staff as the group whose departure would hurt the country most. 9% were most worried about other millionaires leaving the UK. Other concerns included young people and business owners, each cited by 19% of respondents as potential losses to the nation. Implications for UK Fiscal Policy and Political Landscape The findings arrive as the Labour Party grapples with internal leadership questions following disappointing local election results. Proposals from candidates such as Andy Burnham and Wes Streeting include raising capital gains tax to fund a 2p cut in national insurance. The willingness of a sizable share of the ultra‑wealthy to back higher taxes could provide political cover for such measures. Critics have pointed to reports of a “millionaire exodus”, but the survey notes that the alleged 16,500‑person outflow cited by Henley & Partners represents only 0.5% of the UK’s three‑million millionaires. What This Means for Future Tax Debates and Migration Trends If policymakers take the survey at face value, future tax reforms may encounter less resistance from the very demographic they target. Moreover, the emphasis on retaining medical professionals—highlighted by the departure of over 4,000 doctors in 2024—suggests that addressing sector‑specific retention could become a fiscal priority alongside broader tax policy. Analysts will watch whether the Labour leadership leverages this data to counter narratives of a fleeing elite and to justify progressive tax proposals ahead of the next general election.