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The Rise of Tech-Savvy Farmers in KenyaKericho County, Kenya – A typical Saturday morning starts before sunrise for Chepkorir Rotich, a farmer in Kiboito village in western Kenya's Kericho County. By then, Rotich has already milked her cows and sold the milk, fed her chickens, and headed back to pluck vegetables for orders already placed. Her work starts this way every day, and she does it with passion.When the 33-year-old mother of two left college more than a decade ago, she was excited and ready to join the formal employment sector and secure a full-time job."I thought I would be employed as a business administrator, but after looking for a job for too long, I accepted contract offers in three different companies," she says. "The highest paid me about $200 in a month. While living in Nairobi, that wasn't enough."From Job Seekers to Agricultural EntrepreneursA lack of white-collar jobs has kept young Kenyans like Rotich out of employment, leaving them to innovate ways to survive and earn a living. In doing so, many youths have resorted to agriculture and other fields, with many using digital as well as vocational skills to stay ahead of the game.Digital Transformation of Kenyan AgricultureRotich, for example, uses social media to market her produce and to learn how to practice agriculture using modern methods. Social media helps her share knowledge with young people who comprise a large portion of her nearly 50,000 followers. She also runs a YouTube channel where she shares her knowledge of farming.The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reports that the average African farmer is 60 years old, something Rotich refutes, saying the presumed age of farmers has made many young people shun agriculture instead of embracing it as a way to earn a living going into the future."I think the reason they say that is because of access to land on which to do agriculture, which is mostly owned by older people," Rotich tells Al Jazeera. "In my case, I started farming in the compound of my rented house, and by the end of each month, my landlord owed me money after settling the rent because I sold him milk and vegetables. So, it's all about passion and consistency among the youth."Kiringai Kamau, a lecturer at the University of Nairobi with expertise in agricultural economics, agribusiness, and food systems, says young people should take up agriculture as full-time employment since they are the ones who can effectively understand and deploy technology."To do this, we have established the devolution agroecology and AI learning centre in Murang'a University, where we will be pushing to have the centre train the youth who will be going into agriculture to be able to link with the agricultural data ecosystem, deriving from the infrastructure that will be provided, and also giving information to the county and country, and any other professionals that may be interested in data coming there," he tells Al Jazeera.Derrick Ngigi, the technical head at Global Open Data for Agriculture and Nutrition (GODAN), says that while youth are embracing agriculture, technology also plays a role in providing them with opportunities."For example, content creation in agriculture brings a lot of opportunities, such as creating content around modern farming methods, which has been generating revenue for the youth," Ngigi says.AI Tools Revolutionizing Farming PracticesAbout five kilometres outside Kiboito, at Kaptoroi village, Geoffrey Kiprop is busy cleaning his cowshed after feeding his cattle for the early morning. The 32-year-old earned a bachelor's degree in information technology in 2017 but has never secured formal employment.Like Rotich, Kiprop has been surviving on contract work, such as jobs doing systems development and maintenance for schools. He says that the highest-paid contract was for 15,000 Kenyan shillings ($116). But now, he makes about 7,000 Kenyan shillings ($54) a day through farming.Kiprop also practices mixed farming, rearing cows for milk and chickens for eggs and meat, while also planting crops such as tea, coffee, capsicum, cabbage, and beans.He uses modern technologies to raise his crops and livestock and takes advantage of his IT training, which he utilises to ensure maximum profits.Examples of the tools he uses include the Plantix app, which he says helps detect crop disease and malnutrition using AI after he simply takes a photo of the crop and uploads it. The app also gives the farmer the weather forecast and the best crop practices to perform in line with current weather conditions."My favourite is the Virtual Agronomist. This is an AI-enabled platform where I use Google Maps to capture the coordinates of my crop field and then specify the types of crops I am growing," Kiprop explains. "In return, the Virtual Agronomist will enable me to know the size of the plots under farming. It also generates a nutrient plan by sampling the soil in the farm, guiding me in what the soil is missing in terms of nutrients and the exact amount to add," he tells Al Jazeera.For his cows, Kiprop also uses an AI tool to manage their health and production."Also, I use the Digicow app, which assists the farmer in managing dairy farm practices by tracking all the day-to-day activities in the dairy farm, which includes recording the amount of milk sold and used by the farmer, dairy inputs like feed and health practices, thus allowing the farmer to know if he's making a profit or not," Kiprop says.Financial Benefits of Tech-Enhanced FarmingBoth Rotich and Kiprop demonstrate that farming with AI tools can be more financially rewarding than traditional employment paths for educated young Kenyans. While contract work offered Rotich a maximum of $200 per month and Kiprop's highest contract paid 15,000 Kenyan shillings ($116), Kiprop now earns approximately 7,000 Kenyan shillings ($54) daily through his tech-enhanced farming operations.The Future of Agriculture in KenyaBoth Rotich and Kiprop agree on one thing: agriculture also comes with its own challenges, and one has to be deeply passionate and consistent to make something out of it."Consistency is key," says Rotich. "It's something that many young people lack, and they quit very early before they can break even and realise profits. One has to do things many times to be able to finally get it and learn from the mistakes made before."

The Rise of Sound Baths in Wellness Culture In an era where digital detoxes and mindfulness practices have become mainstream, a new wellness trend has emerged: sound baths. These experiences, where participants pay to lie on mats while practitioners play singing bowls, chimes, and gongs, have seen online interest rise exponentially in the last decade. From Sydney Harbour settings to high-end wellness clubs with surround-sound chambers, the industry is capitalizing on claims that these sonic experiences can "soothe and calm your nervous system" with sounds that "penetrate every cell in your body." But as this trend grows, questions arise about whether these expensive experiences deliver on their promises. The Science Behind Sound and Relaxation "There's a rich field of music psychology that's all about the impacts of different types of sounds on human psychology and human physiology," explains Dr Vince Polito, a senior lecturer in psychological sciences at Macquarie University. Experts suggest that while specific frequencies may not have the mystical healing properties claimed by practitioners, the experience can still be beneficial. Dr Sandra Garrido, a senior research fellow at the University of Sydney's school of psychology, notes that "like anything in the wellness space, its benefits can definitely be talked up." The effects of sound or music on wellbeing largely relate to how we perceive and interpret those sounds, rather than specific types or frequencies. Research Evidence on Sound Meditation Studies on sound baths and similar practices offer some insight into their potential benefits. A 2016 observational study found that people who participated in a meditation session involving Tibetan singing bowls reported feeling less tension, anger and fatigue afterward. Another randomized controlled trial in breast cancer patients linked Tibetan sound meditation to improved cognitive function and mental health. However, researchers note that mindfulness meditation itself has been independently linked to improvements in anxiety, depression and insomnia, making it difficult to isolate the specific effects of sound. Sound Baths vs. Music Therapy While sound baths have gained popularity in wellness circles, they differ significantly from music therapy, a regulated profession with a long history of therapeutic use. "There are long histories of using music and sound in therapeutic ways," says Dr Amanda Krause, a senior lecturer in psychology and president of the Australian Music and Psychology Society. Music therapists work with a range of clients in schools and hospitals, using music listening or production to improve psychological and physical health. Unlike sound bath practitioners, music therapists are registered professionals with standardized training and ethical guidelines. The Social Connection Factor One potential benefit of sound baths that researchers acknowledge is the social aspect of the experience. "Historically, throughout most of human history... music has been about social connection," Garrido explains. "It's only in the last 100 years or so that we've had the capacity to go home and listen to music on our own in an isolating kind of way." The communal experience of a sound bath can create a sense of connection that's increasingly rare in our digital, often isolated lives. "Communally listening to music in the experience of a sound bath can be a 'helpful, healthy thing,'" Garrido adds. The Future of Sound Wellness As the wellness industry continues to evolve, sound baths may find their place alongside other mindfulness practices, though perhaps not as the "miracle cure" some marketing suggests. "I've been to them myself," Garrido admits. "I enjoy them, they can be relaxing, it's a nice experience – but I wouldn't pay too much money for it." The future of sound wellness likely involves a more balanced approach that acknowledges both the potential benefits of focused listening and the importance of not overclaiming what the science can support. As with many wellness trends, the key may be finding practices that work for individuals without requiring expensive or mystical explanations.

The Lead Addie E Citchens's debut novel Dominion has been shortlisted for the Women's Prize, offering a scathing critique of patriarchy through the lens of a prominent Black church family in Mississippi. The Event Details The novel, set in the fictional town of Dominion, Mississippi, revolves around the Winfrey family, particularly Rev Sabre Winfrey Jr and his wife Priscilla. The story explores the exercise of dominion through violence, charisma, piety, and male entitlement. The Character Analysis The narrative unfolds through the perspectives of Priscilla and Diamond, Wonderboy's teenage girlfriend. Both women become tragically bound to Wonderboy, with Priscilla having helped create and enable him, and Diamond experiencing the cruelties that flourish under his indulgence. The Impact Analysis Citchens astutely interrogates the ways religious performance can become a theatre for power, highlighting the hypocrisy of public holiness masking private cruelty. The novel reveals itself to be a tale about inheritance: the inherited scripts of masculinity, the inherited submission of women, and the inherited sadness of towns built atop generations of grief. The Prediction Dominion has been praised for its bruising, funny, and deeply intelligent exploration of the ways women’s lives are warped by the whims and cruelty of men. The novel offers a powerful portrayal of what becomes possible when women begin to imagine lives larger than those who diminish them.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially classified the ongoing Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and neighboring Uganda as a 'public health emergency of international concern.' This declaration highlights the severity of the situation involving the rare Bundibugyo strain, which has already claimed over 130 lives and exposed critical gaps in regional health infrastructure. The Escalation of the Bundibugyo Outbreak The epicenter of the current crisis lies in the northeastern province of Ituri, a gold-mining hub straddling borders with Uganda and South Sudan. The virus has rapidly spread beyond its initial ground zero, reaching neighboring provinces up to 200km away and crossing into Uganda. Death Toll: The latest strain has resulted in an estimated 131 deaths from 513 suspected cases. Uganda Situation: At least 1 person has died and 2 more have been infected, with over 120 people currently quarantined. WHO Response: WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus expressed deep concern over the 'scale and speed' of the epidemic. Assessing the Fatality and Spread Metrics The Bundibugyo strain is a distinct species within the Ebola virus family, differing significantly from the Zaire strain responsible for the 2014-2016 West Africa outbreak. While historically less deadly than Zaire, it remains a serious pathogen. Historical Fatality Rate: Prior outbreaks of this strain have seen case fatality rates ranging from approximately 30-50%. Detection Challenges: Diagnostic platforms were optimized for the Zaire strain and failed to reliably detect the Bundibugyo virus, leading to missed early cases. Containment Hurdles: Ongoing conflicts and population displacement in the region have complicated surveillance and delayed detection efforts. Diagnostic Gaps and Regional Displacement The spread of the virus into urban and cross-border settings raises significant concerns about amplification if containment measures are not rapidly strengthened. Experts note that the lack of specific therapeutics for this strain exacerbates the vulnerability of the region. Community fear is palpable, with residents in cities like Bukavu and Kinshasa adopting protective measures such as face masks. Street vendors and transport workers, who are in constant contact with the public, express heightened anxiety about bringing the disease home to their families. Vaccine Development Timelines and Global Travel Restrictions While no approved vaccine exists for the Bundibugyo strain, the scientific community is not starting from zero. The Merck vaccine (Ervebo) showed some protection in animal studies, and organizations like CEPI are funding multivalent filovirus vaccines. However, the development timeline remains uncertain due to the resource-limited setting of the outbreak. In response to the PHEIC declaration, several nations have implemented travel restrictions: Bahrain: Suspended entry for travelers from DRC, Uganda, and South Sudan for 30 days. Rwanda: Closed its borders with the DRC. United States: Implemented a 30-day temporary entry restriction for non-citizens who have traveled to the affected regions within the prior 21 days. Unlike the COVID-19 pandemic, the global response to Ebola has historically lacked the same urgency and financing, though partnerships involving WHO, CEPI, and GAVI have strengthened since the 2014 outbreak.

The Return of a Eradicated ParasiteThe New World screwworm, a flesh-eating parasite which infects cattle and other warm-blooded animals, has been found in a calf in Texas, the US Department of Agriculture announced on Wednesday. This marks the first confirmed case in the United States since the parasite was declared eradicated in 1966, following decades of successful containment through biological barriers and sterile fly release programs.The screwworm is believed to have travelled from Central America to Mexico before being found in the calf in LaPryor, Texas, around 50km from the Mexican border. Experts suggest that a combination of factors, including possible disruptions to sterile-fly programs during the COVID-19 pandemic, increased movement of livestock and people, and favorable weather conditions, may have contributed to its re-emergence.Understanding the Screwworm ThreatA screwworm comes from the larvae of a screwworm fly (Cochliomyia hominivorax), and humans can indeed be infected. Female screwworm flies lay their eggs in scratches and wounds of warm-blooded animals, normally livestock or wild animals. The eggs hatch into hundreds of screwworm larvae which eat the living tissue of the infected animals.The flies are attracted to the smell of open wounds on the bodies of these animals, or sometimes even of humans. Newborn calves are particularly vulnerable because the post-partum navel has yet to scar. The larvae use their sharp mouths to burrow through the living flesh of their hosts for about a week before dropping to the ground to form a pupa.Screwworm can be devastating in cattle and wildlife, which can die from infection if untreated. As adult screwworm flies are capable of travelling many kilometers in search of hosts, infestations can spread quickly across wildlife populations, livestock herds and between humans.Economic Fallout for the Beef IndustryAn outbreak in the US could heavily impact the livestock industry and cause increased beef prices. The USDA predicts that could cost the Texas economy $1.8 billion in losses. Between mid-July and mid-August 2025, Mexico reported a 53 percent rise in the number of cases in animals, indicating the rapid spread of the parasite.Washington has halted cattle imports from Mexico for the past year, citing the insect's spread further into Mexico. The US typically imports more than one million Mexican cattle annually. The import suspension has already contributed to rising beef prices by tightening the supply of beef cattle, which dwindled after a drought forced ranchers on both sides of the border to reduce herds.Mexican cattle are usually fed and fattened on US farms for five to six months before slaughter, and a diminished slaughter rate can also raise beef prices. With US cattle herds already at a multi-decade low after severe drought, high feed costs have forced ranchers to shrink their herds.Regional Vulnerability and ResponseA quarantine zone spanning 20km (12.4 miles) has been established around the affected farm in Texas with no movement of any animals including pets. The infected calf is being treated and the larvae will be killed. The primary measures being implemented include vigilance, identification and isolation of cases, treatment and elimination of larvae, and controlling movement of animals.Dr Timothy Goldsmith, a veterinary medicine professor at the University of Minnesota, noted that homeless people can be especially vulnerable to infestation because they sleep outside and have less access to hygiene products and medical care. Last year, Mexico confirmed 41 human cases, primarily in the state of Chiapas.The parasite reappeared in Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Guatemala, Belize and El Salvador before moving on to Mexico in 2023. While the precise reasons for its resurgence are unclear, experts point to climate change, increased global travel, and disruptions to agricultural monitoring programs as potential contributing factors.Future Outlook and Prevention MeasuresThe first confirmed case in the US during the latest outbreak represents a serious challenge for ranchers and could cause beef prices to rise further. After decades of eradication, most cattle ranchers no longer have the experience or tools to diagnose and treat screwworm, experts say.Infestations can be cured, but treatment is a time-consuming, pricey and labor-intensive process. A program of sterile male release is considered the best long-term method of controlling this fly, similar to the approach that successfully eradicated screwworm from the US in the 1960s.Authorities are likely to expand surveillance efforts along the US-Mexico border and potentially implement enhanced screening protocols for livestock entering the country. The incident highlights the ongoing challenges of biosecurity in an increasingly globalized world where pests and diseases can cross borders with ease.

The Lead: Afghanistan's Non-Profit CrisisAfghanistan's non-profit sector, crucial for the country's development and humanitarian aid, is facing systemic challenges that mirror the metaphor of "rotten apples" spoiling the entire barrel. These issues, ranging from corruption to inefficiency, are undermining the effectiveness of aid organizations and impacting the lives of millions of Afghans who depend on these services.The Rotten Apples: Systemic Failures in Aid OrganizationsInvestigations into Afghanistan's non-profit landscape reveal disturbing patterns of mismanagement and corruption. Key issues include:Embezzlement of funds intended for humanitarian projectsNepotism in hiring practices, with unqualified individuals placed in key positionsProjects implemented without proper needs assessment or community consultationExcessive administrative costs consuming resources meant for beneficiariesThese practices have created an environment where trust in aid organizations is eroding, and the intended beneficiaries are not receiving the support they desperately need.The Financial Toll: Billions Wasted in Ineffective AidThe financial implications of these systemic failures are staggering. International donors have allocated billions of dollars to Afghanistan's non-profit sector over the past two decades, yet a significant portion has been lost to corruption and inefficiency. Recent estimates suggest that up to 30% of aid funding may be wasted due to these issues, representing a massive diversion of resources from essential services like healthcare, education, and infrastructure development.Regional Impact: How Afghanistan's Crisis Affects Global Aid EffortsThe problems in Afghanistan's non-profit sector are not isolated; they have broader implications for international aid efforts globally. Donors are becoming increasingly wary of funding projects in conflict-affected regions due to these challenges. This has created a "trust deficit" that affects legitimate organizations working effectively in difficult environments. Additionally, the situation in Afghanistan serves as a cautionary tale for other post-conflict and developing nations, highlighting the need for stronger oversight and accountability mechanisms in the non-profit sector.The Road Ahead: Reforming Afghanistan's Non-Profit LandscapeAddressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach that includes strengthening regulatory frameworks, enhancing transparency measures, and promoting a culture of accountability within organizations. International donors must balance their support with rigorous monitoring and evaluation systems. Meanwhile, Afghan civil society organizations are calling for greater local ownership of aid projects, arguing that community-led initiatives are more resistant to corruption and better aligned with actual needs. The coming years will be critical in determining whether Afghanistan's non-profit sector can overcome its "rotten apple" problem and fulfill its potential as a force for positive change in the country.

The LeadRecent electoral campaigns across the region have increasingly centered on which political candidates can demonstrate greater harshness toward Palestinians, marking a significant shift in political discourse and priorities.The Political LandscapeElections in 2026 have seen unprecedented competition among candidates to establish credentials as being tough on Palestinian issues. Campaign rhetoric has increasingly focused on promises of stricter policies, harsher measures, and more aggressive approaches toward Palestinian communities and territories.The Human Rights ImplicationsThis shift in campaign focus raises serious concerns about human rights protections and the treatment of Palestinian populations. As political platforms compete to demonstrate toughness, vulnerable communities face potential increased risks and reduced protections under international human rights standards.The Regional ImpactThe political climate shaped by these election campaigns is likely to have far-reaching consequences for regional stability and international relations. Neighboring countries and international partners may reassess their relationships and policies in response to the new political direction.The Future OutlookFollowing these elections, observers anticipate potential policy shifts that could affect peace processes, humanitarian aid, and the daily lives of Palestinians in the region. The long-term implications for regional stability and human rights remain uncertain but warrant close monitoring by international bodies and human rights organizations.

The Plight of Somalia's Displaced For three years, Zeynab Ibrahim watched as her little town shrivelled up and died. The rains never came, the reservoirs were depleted and the farms gradually turned to dust. Hunger and sickness swept through the village, claiming the lives of many, including four of Ibrahim’s 10 children. Displacement and Desperation They joined more than a million displaced people who now live in abysmal conditions in informal settlements across the city. “Our livelihoods depended on what we could grow on the ground, including maize, beans, sesame and vegetables. But the ground dried because there was no rain,” says Ibrahim. The Humanitarian Crisis More than 6.5 million Somalis have been pushed to the brink of severe hunger – nearly a third of the population. Internally displaced people are the worst affected, living on overcrowded sites with limited access to water, sanitation, health and hygiene facilities. The Impact on Children Children are bearing the brunt of the crisis, with nearly 1.9 million under-fives facing acute malnutrition, according to the latest integrated food security phase classification (IPC) report. Nearly 500 nutrition clinics have now closed because of a lack of funding, leaving children such as Ibrahim’s youngest, who is two, without care. The Way Forward The situation is aggravated by the significant international humanitarian aid cuts and President Donald Trump’s war on Iran, with the closure of the strait of Hormuz driving up the cost of fuel, food and transport.

The Tragic IncidentA groom was killed in Gaza just hours before his scheduled wedding, marking another devastating loss for a family already affected by the ongoing conflict in the region. The incident occurred on June 6, 2026, as reported by Al Jazeera.Details of the Wedding Day TragedyThe groom, whose identity has not been fully disclosed, was preparing for his wedding when the incident took place. Local sources indicate that the violence that claimed his life may be related to the broader conflict affecting Gaza. The wedding ceremony, which was meant to be a joyous occasion, was instead turned into a mourning event as the community grappled with the sudden loss.Impact on Gaza's Already Fragile SituationThis incident adds to the growing list of civilian casualties in the region, further complicating an already dire humanitarian situation. Gaza has been under blockade and periodic military operations for years, with infrastructure severely damaged and basic necessities in short supply. The killing of a civilian on what should have been one of the happiest days of his life underscores the constant threat that ordinary Palestinians face in their daily lives.Future Outlook for the RegionIncidents like this continue to fuel tensions and make peaceful resolutions more elusive. International organizations have repeatedly called for a ceasefire and humanitarian access to Gaza, but progress remains slow. The cycle of violence appears to have no end in sight, with civilians bearing the brunt of the conflict. Without significant diplomatic intervention, more families are likely to experience similar tragedies in the coming months.