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The Pedal for a Purpose Pedalling on water for more than a hundred miles in a heatwave, pushed back by east winds and having to navigate 31 locks would be a challenge for anybody. But when that body is 90 years old, with a bad knee, failing balance and malfunctioning arms and shoulders, it’s a herculean feat. Hanbury-Tenison's Mission Rainforest campaigner Robin Hanbury-Tenison, 90, is pedalling 104 miles down the River Thames from Oxford to Richmond on a water-bike to raise money for a unique research station which is being built to study Britain’s temperate rainforest. The Research Station Hanbury-Tenison, the founder of Survival International, who spent much of his younger years raising awareness of the value of tropical rainforests from the Amazon to Borneo, has turned his attention to overlooked temperate rainforest after discovering that his modest Cornish hill farm had an important fragment of the mostly vanished habitat. The Challenges Hanbury-Tenison will navigate a pedal-powered craft that sits on the surface of the water from Magdalen Bridge, Oxford, aiming to finish at Teddington Lock in Richmond on International Rainforest Day on Monday. He will be supported by his son, Merlin, who will ride alongside him. The Goal He hopes to raise £100,000 towards the construction of Europe’s first dedicated temperate rainforest research station on his farm on Bodmin Moor, Cornwall, by the Thousand Year Trust, the charity run by his son, Merlin.

The Misconception of Nature's PurposeRecent studies indicate that the Amazon rainforest has transitioned from a carbon sink to a net emitter, while coral reefs face unprecedented decline. These observations fuel a widespread anxiety: is the global ecosystem malfunctioning? We tend to view nature through a utilitarian lens, assuming forests exist to produce oxygen and wetlands to filter water. However, this perspective imposes human desires onto a system that lacks intrinsic goals. The Amazon does not "aim" to absorb carbon; it simply exists. By framing environmental issues as failures of function, we risk obscuring the true nature of the crisis and complicating our response to it.The Evolution of Conservation EthicsThe concept of ecosystem function has evolved significantly over the last two centuries, shifting from resource management to complex ethical frameworks.19th Century: Conservation was driven by game laws and hunting traditions, focusing on maintaining populations for sport and resource use.Mid-20th Century: Aldo Leopold expanded the moral community to include the land itself, proposing a holistic "land ethic."1970s-80s: Legislation like the US Endangered Species Act focused on intrinsic value of individual species.1990s: The Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function (BEF) research agenda emerged, rejecting the species-focused approach to embrace all biodiversity.21st Century: This logic scaled up to underpin UN projects and national natural capital accounts, assigning monetary value to services like pollination and flood regulation.The Philosophical Failure of Causal Role TheoryTo understand why the current framework is flawed, we must analyze the two dominant theories of function in biology: Causal Role Theory and Selected Effects Theory.Robert Cummins developed Causal Role Theory to explain function through a component's contribution to a system's capacity. While useful for tracing causal chains, this theory fails to distinguish between genuine functions and incidental effects. For example, a heart makes a thumping noise, but doctors do not consider this a function. More critically, Causal Role Theory cannot explain malfunction. It can describe a heart with a defective valve moving blood inefficiently, but it cannot say the heart is doing its job badly because it lacks a standard for success.In contrast, Selected Effects Theory, championed by Larry Wright and Karen Neander, grounds function in evolutionary history. A trait has a function if it was selected for that effect in the past. This provides a standard for success and failure. However, this theory struggles to apply to ecosystems, which lack a history of selection for specific ends.The Paradox of Repairing a System Without a GoalThe distinction between descriptive function (how a system works) and goal-directed function (what a system is for) is critical. Ecosystems like the Amazon and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (Amoc) have effects we can describe, but no intrinsic ends to achieve. Without these ends, the concept of "malfunction" becomes philosophically shaky. If an ecosystem has no goal, it cannot truly "break down." This creates a paradox for environmentalists: if we cannot define what an ecosystem is supposed to be doing, how can we define what it is doing wrong, and consequently, how do we repair it?Toward a Non-Teleological Conservation FrameworkThe future of environmental policy requires moving beyond the anthropomorphic assumption that nature has a purpose. Conservation strategies must acknowledge that ecosystems operate without goals, yet they still possess resilience and richness that we value. By accepting that ecosystems cannot "fail" in the way machines do, we can focus on preserving their complexity and resilience rather than forcing them into a framework of utility and malfunction. This shift is essential for developing effective strategies to protect the planet's biological wealth in a changing world.

Lead: A Fresh Lens on Evolutionary TheoryThe Guardian’s review of Rowan Hooper’s Togetherness praises the book for reframing evolution from a ruthless struggle to a network of collaborative relationships that underpin life on Earth. Hooper’s Argument for Symbiosis Over CompetitionHooper contends that the classic Darwinian narrative—popularised by Herbert Spencer’s “survival of the fittest”—over‑emphasises competition because it was forged in a colonial, capitalist era. He draws on modern research to show that cooperation, from lichens to coral reefs, is the default state of most organisms. Lichens: a partnership of fungi, algae, and sometimes cyanobacteria that thrives from tundra to rainforest.Coral reefs: cnidarians hosting photosynthetic algae; bleaching occurs when warming waters break this symbiosis.Mycorrhizal fungi: essential for nutrient uptake in most land plants.Microbiome: gut bacteria produce the neurotransmitter serotonin and protect against disease. Numbers Highlighting Ecological StakesThe review cites concrete data that underscore the fragility of these partnerships: Coral reefs have declined by half since the mid‑20th century due to bleaching.The book retails at £25, positioning it as an accessible yet scholarly work. Implications for Evolutionary Science and ConservationBy foregrounding symbiosis, Hooper aligns with biologist Lynn Margulis’s endosymbiotic theory, which reshaped our understanding of cellular evolution. The review argues that embracing cooperation can reshape public discourse, policy, and conservation strategies, urging a shift from competition‑driven exploitation to ecosystem stewardship. Future Directions for Research and Public PerceptionHooper predicts that as the scientific community continues to uncover interdependent mechanisms—such as the “wood wide web” of forest fungi—educational narratives will increasingly celebrate collaboration. This could foster broader support for biodiversity protection and inspire new interdisciplinary research linking genetics, ecology, and sociology.

The Intercept Operation Brazilian police have intercepted 108 Cuban nationals in a single day as they were being smuggled into the country. In a statement on Tuesday, officials noted that the incident was part of a growing trend of undocumented immigration leaving the beleaguered Caribbean island for Brazil. The Human Trafficking Concerns Brazil's Ministry of Justice and Public Security described the operation as a 'rescue', designed to disrupt human trafficking and irregular migration. According to the Federal Highway Police (PRF), this was the largest humanitarian rescue operation ever recorded in a single incident in Roraima, one of Brazil's 26 states. The Migration Patterns Roraima is situated in the Amazon rainforest, along the border with Guyana and Venezuela. A 'large portion' of Cubans are using Guyana as a gateway to enter Brazil. Some 57.6 percent of the Cuban immigrants living in Brazil are either in Roraima or Amapa, another northern border state. The Crisis in Cuba Cuba has been facing a heightened humanitarian crisis in recent months, as it weathers a de facto fuel blockade imposed by the United States. Since January, no foreign oil has been allowed to reach the Caribbean island, save for one Russian tanker. The US has threatened steep tariffs against any country that might seek to supply Cuba with oil, a necessary fuel for its fragile energy grid. The Future Outlook Critics fear the pressure will lead to new waves of migration off the island. During the COVID-19 pandemic, for example, economic decline contributed to a mass exodus, with Cuba's population dropping by roughly 10 percent or more. Since 2024, Brazil's Federal Highway Police say they have 'rescued' roughly 297 migrants and asylum seekers in Roraima, most of them Cuban.

The Osprey Cam: A Window into Wildlife BehaviorJames Cook University's innovative "Osprey cam" has provided researchers and nature enthusiasts worldwide with an unprecedented view into the daily lives of ospreys nesting atop a 55-meter crane in Queensland's Daintree Rainforest. The livestream captures the complete life cycle of these remarkable seabirds, from nest construction to raising offspring, offering valuable insights into their behavior and adaptation to unique environmental conditions.Engineering Meets Nature: The Crane Nesting SiteThe university's 47-meter tall canopy crane, designed to give researchers access to the rainforest from above, has become an ideal nesting platform for ospreys. Despite the crane's 55-meter-long jib that moves up to 110 meters from position to position, the seabirds have consistently returned to this spot for approximately 15 years. The location offers several advantages: it's close enough to the ocean for efficient fishing yet safe from ground-based predators, making it an optimal breeding ground for these daytime predators that feed almost exclusively on fish.Life Cycle Patterns: From Nest Building to ParentingOspreys at the Daintree Rainforest Observatory exhibit fascinating behavioral patterns. Unlike their European or American counterparts, Australian ospreys don't migrate, remaining near the crane year-round. Each year, the breeding pair must rebuild their nest from scratch, a process that takes only a few weeks once they begin. The birds demonstrate remarkable persistence, often losing sticks to wind before successfully constructing their home. Parenting duties are shared, with the female spending more time on eggs and chicks while the male typically brings in more fish, occasionally dropping some from the sky during transport.Scientific Value and Public EngagementThe Osprey cam serves dual purposes: advancing scientific understanding of osprey behavior while engaging the public with live wildlife content. Researchers at the observatory believe the same breeding pair has occupied the nest consistently for 15 years, with ospreys living up to 25 years in the wild. The livestream has become a significant online attraction, allowing nature lovers worldwide to observe these birds' intimate behaviors. This technology bridges the gap between scientific research and public education, fostering appreciation for wildlife conservation and the unique ecosystems of Australia's Daintree Rainforest.Future of the Osprey Research ProgramAs the current osprey pair ages—potentially reaching their maximum 25-year lifespan—the research team anticipates eventual changes in nest occupancy. When the time comes, a new pair or possibly offspring of the current birds may take over the prime nesting location. The Osprey cam will continue to document these transitions, providing valuable long-term data on osprey behavior and adaptation. This research platform exemplifies how technology can enhance our understanding of wildlife, offering insights that may inform broader conservation strategies for seabirds and their habitats in an increasingly changing environment.

The BBC's World Cup Warm-UpAs the sporting world turns its attention toward the upcoming tournament, BBC One is setting the stage with a unique blend of comedy and documentary.Kevin Bridges on a Global Football JourneyThe highlight of the night is Kevin Bridges: In Search of the Beautiful Game (10.30pm, BBC One). The Scottish comedian travels to the US, Brazil, and Birmingham to investigate how the sport has evolved since Scotland's last World Cup qualification in 1998. Bridges meets São Paulo ultras, World Cup winner Cafu, and Scotland vice-captain John McGinn to determine if the raw emotion of the game remains intact.A Diverse Lineup for the EveningTiger Island (7.15pm, BBC One): A thrillingly intimate look at tiger conservation in Nepal, following guides and scientists up close with apex predators.Expedition With Steve Backshall (8.15pm, BBC Two): The naturalist ventures into Gabon's unexplored rainforests to find rare chimps and elephants.The Mother of All Cons (9pm, BBC Two): A documentary exploring the life of 16-year-old Megan Bhari and her controversial charity work.Beyond the Pitch: Nature and DramaViewers looking for drama can tune into Tip Toe (9pm, Channel 4), where Russell T Davies escalates the domestic war on the street. For film enthusiasts, The Beautiful Game (3.35pm, Channel 4) offers a quirky comedy about the Homeless World Cup, while Nomadland (1am, Channel 4) provides a moving portrait of America's nomadic community.What to Expect TonightThe evening concludes with live action as the Formula One: Monaco Grand Prix takes center stage at 1.55pm on Sky Sports Main Event.

The Art of Immersion Hulda Guzmán's paintings transport viewers to a lush Dominican rainforest, teeming with life, color, and symbolism. Her vibrant jungle landscapes invite us to immerse ourselves in nature, encouraging a sense of oneness with the environment. A Studio in the Jungle Guzmán's studio, built by her architect father, serves as the inspiration for her art. From this secluded space, she observes the jungle's beauty and incorporates its elements into her work. Her paintings reflect a deep connection to nature, where demons, lizards, and ghosts coexist with the lush greenery. The Symbolism of Nature Guzmán's art is rich in symbolism, drawing from various influences, including Japanese ukiyo-e prints, Jungian psychoanalysis, and art historical references. Her works celebrate the beauty of nature while acknowledging the threats it faces, such as ecological collapse and deforestation. A Call to Action Through her art, Guzmán issues a call to action, urging viewers to appreciate and protect the natural world. Her paintings are a testament to the power of nature and the importance of living in harmony with the environment. The Exhibition Hulda Guzmán's exhibition, 'Please Awake – Asked Nature Kindly,' is on display at Turner Contemporary in Margate until September 13. The show features a range of her vibrant jungle landscapes, each one a testament to her unique perspective and artistic vision.

The Disappearance of Indonesia's 'Eternity Glaciers' An expedition to document the end days of the last tropical glaciers in Oceania has revealed sombre footage of “planetary destruction on fast-forward”. The State of Puncak Jaya's Glaciers The once-mighty ice sheets on Puncak Jaya, a mountain surrounded by dense rainforests in West Papua, Indonesia, have survived beyond projections they would disappear by 2026 but have shrunk to a fraction of their original size. The most significant of the two remaining glaciers, which are known locally as “eternal snow” and referred to in English as the “eternity glaciers”, has lost 95% of its area since 2002, the expedition found. The Data Behind the Disappearance Papua’s tropical glaciers lost 97% of their ice mass between 1980 and 2024, Indonesian researchers found in a study published last month. Four of its six glaciers have completely disappeared, and they project the final two will be gone by the end of the decade. 97% of ice mass lost between 1980 and 2024 4 out of 6 glaciers have completely disappeared The remaining 2 glaciers are expected to disappear by the end of the decade The Impact of Climate Change Carbon pollution and the destruction of nature has heated the planet by about 1.4C since preindustrial times, making it less hospitable to human life. Glaciers are projected to lose a quarter of their global mass by 2100, even in a best-case scenario for cutting emissions, with devastating consequences for drinking water and food security. The Future Outlook “The ice will be gone: it’s not a question of if, it’s a question of when,” said Klaus Thymann, a Danish explorer and the founder of Project Pressure, an environmental charity. “And ‘when’ is coming very, very soon.”

The Duchy’s Bold Rainforest Expansion TargetCampaigners from the Dartmoor Nature Alliance (DNA) unfurled a banner at Black‑a‑Tor copse urging the protection of England’s remaining temperate rainforests. In response, the Duchy of Cornwall announced a commitment to double the extent of its duchy‑managed Atlantic rainforest on Dartmoor, covering both Black‑a‑Tor and Wistman’s Wood, by 2040.Funding and Planting Numbers Highlight Scale of Restoration£30 million ring‑fenced by the UK government for wildlife‑rich habitat creation, including ancient woodland restoration.The Black‑a‑Tor copse spans 29 hectares (72 acres), a relic of Bronze‑Age oak forest.800 acorns collected by Moor Trees are being nurtured for future planting at the copse.1,200 saplings have already been planted at Wistman’s Wood over the past two years.Ecological and Community Implications for DartmoorTemperate rainforest is one of the world’s rarest habitats, with surviving pockets in western Scotland, Cornwall, Devon, Wales and Cumbria. The new target aligns with a recent Natural England report that identified livestock grazing as the chief threat to regeneration at Black‑a‑Tor. Excluding grazing, installing protective guards, and involving the roughly 200 commoners who hold grazing rights will be essential to the plan’s success.What the Next Decade Could Hold for UK Temperate RainforestsIf the Duchy meets its 2040 goal, Dartmoor could host twice its current rainforest area, creating a contiguous refuge for ancient oak, lichens and mosses. Success would also provide a model for other UK regions, potentially spurring additional public and private investments in woodland restoration and influencing national policy on land‑use and biodiversity.